著者
安山 秀盛
出版者
英米文化学会
雑誌
英米文化 (ISSN:09173536)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, pp.77-94, 2016-03-31 (Released:2017-05-08)
参考文献数
20

This study investigated how two types of reading activity―silent reading and oral reading―facilitate English language learners' listening comprehension. 83 university students were assigned to the silent reading group (n=37) and the oral reading group (n=46). Each group was also divided into higher and lower groups according to the level of their listening comprehension. The pre-and post-test were conducted before and after the 10-week training session for each group.The results of a t test indicated that the silent reading group had significantly higher listening comprehension, while no significant differences were found in the score of the oral reading group.A possible explanation for the better performance of the silent reading group over the oral group is that reading silently not only helped reduce the cognitive load of the students but facilitated the sentence comprehension, whereas the oral reading group paid more attention to reading the words rather than comprehending the actual content. The results also suggest that the silent reading group may have adopted top-down processing where they were given the opportunity to comprehend the sentences at their own pace.
著者
片平 健太郎 藤村 友美 松田 佳尚 岡ノ谷 一夫 岡田 真人
出版者
日本感情心理学会
雑誌
感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.3, pp.71-76, 2013-04-25 (Released:2013-06-07)
参考文献数
12

We investigated how emotional responses reflected in autonomic nervous system activities and facial muscles activities are related to learning in decision-making. Based on the conventional Q-learning model, we constructed novel learning models that incorporate the trial-to-trial variability in the physiological responses. In our models, the variables reflecting the physiological activities can modulate two important parameters of the model: (1) the learning rate, which determines the degree of update in response to the current choice outcome, and (2) the reward value, which quantifies the valence of the current outcome. We applied the models to the data from two types of decision-making task; one used emotional pictures as decision outcomes, and another used monetary reward. The valence of the outcomes was stochastically contingent on participants' choices. We demonstrated that proposed models that incorporated physiological measures including skin conductance, corrugator muscle activity and orbicular muscle activity, improved the prediction of the model, mainly for the emotional picture task. Our results suggest that some emotional responses are related to the subsequent choice behavior.
著者
川邊 岩夫
巻号頁・発行日
2012-02-02
著者
A.カミュ [著] 加藤道夫譯
出版者
新潮社
巻号頁・発行日
1951
著者
Akihito Miyoshi Nobuhiro Nishii Yoji Okamoto Shinpei Fujita Kenji Kawamoto Keisuke Okawa Shigeki Hiramatsu Kazufumi Nakamura Hiroshi Morita Hiroshi Ito
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.3, pp.456-462, 2020-02-25 (Released:2020-02-25)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
1 5

Background:In heart failure (HF) patients implanted with high-energy devices, worsening of HF can be diagnosed from intrathoracic impedance (ITI) before symptoms appear. Early therapeutic intervention can prevent HF worsening, but the optimal intervention remains unknown. This study aimed to examine which lifestyle modifications or medications can improve HF indicators in asymptomatic HF patients diagnosed from ITI.Methods and Results:This multicenter, prospective, randomized study included patients with high-energy devices, left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, or with a history of HF hospitalization. After the OptiVol alert was evoked by decreased ITI, patients underwent examinations. If they were diagnosed with HF, they were randomly assigned to 3 groups: lifestyle modification, diuretic, or nitrate. After 1 week, they underwent the same examinations. The primary endpoint was change in ITI and serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Totally, 57 patients were randomized. In all 3 groups, ITI was significantly increased post-intervention compared with pre-intervention. In the diuretic and nitrate groups, logBNP post-intervention was significantly lower than pre-intervention, but not in the lifestyle modification group.Conclusions:Compared with lifestyle modifications, diuretic and nitrate therapy for 1 week may be more effective management of HF detected by decreased ITI. However, lifestyle modification may have the additional benefits of reducing the workload or cost.
著者
吉田 淳
出版者
医学書院
巻号頁・発行日
pp.88-89, 2014-04-20

疾患の概要 逆行性射精とは,外尿道口から射精される精子が,逆に膀胱に射精される疾患である.オーガズムと射精感はあるが,精液量はゼロかごく少量で,すべての精液が膀胱に射精される完全逆行性射精と一部の精液が膀胱に射精される部分逆行性射精がある.射精時の内尿道口の閉鎖不全により発生し,糖尿病などで神経が障害された場合,経尿道的前立腺切除術(TURP)などで内尿道口の閉鎖機能が障害された場合や前立腺肥大症の治療薬であるα1受容体遮断薬の副作用として発現する場合がある. 勃起障害(ED)は,性交時に有効な勃起が得られないために満足な性交が行えない状態で,通常,性交のチャンスの75%以上で性交が行えない状態と定義されている.わが国のEDの有病率は,40歳台で約20%,50歳台で約40%,60歳台で約60%と報告されている.EDは,機能性(心因性)ED,血管性ED,神経性ED,内分泌性ED,陰茎性EDに分類される.
著者
関 雄二
出版者
千里文化財団
雑誌
季刊民族学 (ISSN:03890333)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.1, pp.49-58, 2016
著者
鳥谷部 祥一
出版者
公益社団法人 精密工学会
雑誌
精密工学会誌 (ISSN:09120289)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.11, pp.905-908, 2018-11-05 (Released:2018-11-05)
参考文献数
11