著者

Naoki KANEKO Rie YAMAMOTO Taka-Aki SATO Koichi TANAKA

出版者

日本学士院

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.3, pp.104-117, 2014-03-11 (Released:2014-03-11)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

10 51 1

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Proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase and γ-secretase leads to the generation and deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). N-terminally or C-terminally truncated Aβ variants have been found in human cerebrospinal fluid and cultured cell media using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. Unfortunately, the profile of plasma Aβ variants has not been revealed due to the difficulty of isolating Aβ from plasma. We present here for the first time studies of Aβ and related peptides in human plasma. Twenty-two Aβ-related peptides including novel peptides truncated before the β-secretase site were detected in human plasma and 20 of the peptides were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Using an internal standard, we developed a quantitative assay for the Aβ-related peptides and demonstrated plasma dilution linearity and the precision required for their quantitation. The present method should enhance the understanding of APP processing and clearance in AD progression.

著者

Ryo Misawa Yuma Takanashi Yo Su Chih-Wei Chang Yoshiaki Kai

出版者

The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology

雑誌

Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.245-253, 2023-11-09 (Released:2023-11-09)

参考文献数

20

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Two large specimens [310–476 mm standard length (SL)] of the genus Hoplostethus Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1829, collected from Iwate and Okinawa prefectures, Japan, were recently discovered and identified as Hoplostethus grandperrini Roberts and Gomon, 2012 on the basis of the following characteristics: large body size, exceeding 300 mm SL; abdominal scutes strong; pectoral fins light red; caudal-fin tip without black pigmentation; upper margin of eye almost horizontally level with lateral-line origin; predorsal scales not enlarged; fin spines moderately thickened; pectoral-fin tip not reaching anal-fin origin; anterior part of oral cavity, including underside of tongue, without black pigmentation; 15–17 pectoral-fin rays; 21 predorsal scales; and 13 or 14 abdominal scutes. Furthermore, a molecular phylogenetic analysis of a partial sequence of the mtDNA COI gene from one of the specimens placed it in the same clade as H. grandperrini previously recorded from Taiwan, with an uncorrected p-distance between both specimens of 0.19%. Hoplostethus grandperrini was originally described on the basis of two specimens collected off New Caledonia, with only one additional specimen having been reported (from southern Taiwan). The Japanese specimens are the first records of the species from Japan, the fourth and fifth specimens known, and the Iwate Prefecture specimen the northernmost record of the species.

著者

Tatsuya Noda Yasuyuki Okumura Keiko Kan-o Toshibumi Taniguchi Sadao Suzuki Tomoaki Imamura

出版者

Society for Clinical Epidemiology

雑誌

Annals of Clinical Epidemiology (ISSN:24344338)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.4, pp.129-132, 2022 (Released:2022-10-03)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2

著者

Shota Kodaira Yu-ki Tanaka Shoji Hayashi Shogo Aoki Takafumi Hirata Shinobu Ishigaki Kazumasa Aoki

出版者

THE SOCIETY FOR HARD TISSUE REGENERATIVE BIOLOGY

雑誌

Journal of Hard Tissue Biology (ISSN:13417649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.127-132, 2023 (Released:2023-04-24)

参考文献数

27

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Female birds have a medullary bone (MB) on the innermost surface of a cortical bone (CB) during the egg-laying cycle. This bone tissue is known to store calcium (Ca) for eggshell formation. As a result of Ca isotopic analyses of MB and CB from the mature female chickens using a multiple collector-ICP-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), the 43Ca/42Ca and 44Ca/42Ca ratios of MB were higher than those of CB in the bones of the same individual. Moreover, elemental mapping of the CB and MB using a laser ablation-ICP-MS revealed that Mn, Zn, and Cu contents in the MB which are used for activating bone morphogenic protein were higher than those in CB. According to the mechanism of Ca isotope fractionation reported in our previous study, the difference in Ca isotope ratio between MB and CB can be explained by the change in bone turnover rate, i.e., the balance between bone formation and resorption. Therefore, the difference in Ca isotope ratio between MB and CB reflects the different Ca balances during the bone tissue formation of each part.

著者

Satoru Takahashi Chieko Saito Ikuko Koyama-Honda Noboru Mizushima

出版者

Japan Society for Cell Biology

雑誌

Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22071, (Released:2022-11-22)

被引用文献数

17

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In macroautophagy, disk-shaped double-membrane structures called phagophores elongate to form cup-shaped structures, becoming autophagosomes upon closure. These autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to become autolysosomes and degrade engulfed material. Autophagosome formation is reported to involve other organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Organelles are also taken up by autophagosomes as autophagy cargos. However, few studies have performed systematic spatiotemporal analysis of inter-organelle relationships during macroautophagy. Here, we investigated the organelles in contact with phagophores, autophagosomes, and autolysosomes by using three-dimensional correlative light and electron microscopy with array tomography in cells starved 30 min. As previously reported, all phagophores associate with the ER. The surface area of phagophores in contact with the ER decreases gradually as they mature into autophagosomes and autolysosomes. However, the ER still associates with 92% of autophagosomes and 79% of autolysosomes, suggesting that most autophagosomes remain on the ER after closure and even when they fuse with lysosomes. In addition, we found that phagophores form frequently near other autophagic structures, suggesting the presence of potential hot spots for autophagosome formation. We also analyzed the contents of phagophores and autophagosomes and found that the ER is the most frequently engulfed organelle (detected in 65% of total phagophores and autophagosomes). These quantitative three-dimensional ultrastructural data provide insights into autophagosome–organelle relationships during macroautophagy. Key words: 3D-CLEM, autophagosome, electron microscopy, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome

著者

Shintaro Sakaguchi Naoki Fujimoto Kazuhide Ichikawa Daisuke Izumi Koji Katsuta Masafumi Takafuji Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida Kaoru Dohi

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-21-0683, (Released:2021-09-30)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

5

著者

STEVENS Bjorn ACQUISTAPACE Claudia HANSEN Akio HEINZE Rieke KLINGER Carolin KLOCKE Daniel RYBKA Harald SCHUBOTZ Wiebke WINDMILLER Julia ADAMIDIS Panagiotis ARKA Ioanna BARLAKAS Vasileios BIERCAMP Joachim BRUECK Matthias BRUNE Sebastian BUEHLER Stefan A. BURKHARDT Ulrike CIONI Guido COSTA-SURÓS Montserrat CREWELL Susanne CRÜGER Traute DENEKE Hartwig FRIEDERICHS Petra HENKEN Cintia Carbajal HOHENEGGER Cathy JACOB Marek JAKUB Fabian KALTHOFF Norbert KÖHLER Martin LAAR Thirza W. van LI Puxi LÖHNERT Ulrich MACKE Andreas MADENACH Nils MAYER Bernhard NAM Christine NAUMANN Ann Kristin PETERS Karsten POLL Stefan QUAAS Johannes RÖBER Niklas ROCHETIN Nicolas SCHECK Leonhard SCHEMANN Vera SCHNITT Sabrina SEIFERT Axel SENF Fabian SHAPKALIJEVSKI Metodija SIMMER Clemens SINGH Shweta SOURDEVAL Odran SPICKERMANN Dela STRANDGREN Johan TESSIOT Octave VERCAUTEREN Nikki VIAL Jessica VOIGT Aiko ZÄNGL Günter

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-021, (Released:2020-01-28)

被引用文献数

85

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More than one hundred days were simulated over very large domains with fine (0.156 km to 2.5 km) grid spacing for realistic conditions to test the hypothesis that storm (kilometer) and large-eddy (hectometer) resolving simulations would provide an improved representation of clouds and precipitation in atmospheric simulations. At scales that resolve convective storms (storm-resolving for short) scales, the vertical velocity variance becomes resolved and a better physical basis is achieved for representing clouds and precipitation. Similar to past studies we find an improved representation of precipitation at kilometer scales, as compared to models with parameterised convection. The main precipitation features (location, diurnal cycle and spatial propagation) are well captured already at kilometer scales, and refining resolution to hectometer scales does not substantially change the simulations in these respects. It does, however, lead to a reduction in the precipitation on the time-scales considered – most notably over the Tropical ocean. Changes in the distribution of precipitation, with less frequent extremes are also found in simulations incorporating hecto-meter scales. Hectometer scales appear more important for the representation of clouds, and make it possible to capture many important aspects of the cloud field, from the vertical distribution of cloud cover, to the distribution of cloud sizes, to the diel (daily) cycle. Qualitative improvements, particularly in the ability to differentiate cumulus from stratiform clouds, are seen when reducing the grid spacing from kilometer to hectometer scales. At the hectometer scale new challenges arise, but the similarity of observed and simulated scales, and the more direct connection between the circulation and the unconstrained degrees of freedom make these challenges less daunting. This quality, combined with an already improved simulation as compared to more parameterised models, underpins our conviction that the use and further development of storm-resolving models offers exciting opportunities for advancing understanding of climate and climate change.

著者

姜 徳相 Kang Duk-Sang

出版者

法政大学大原社会問題研究所

雑誌

大原社会問題研究所雑誌 (ISSN:09129421)

巻号頁・発行日

no.668, pp.6-23, 2014-06

著者

Shahla MOHAMMADI Mahnaz TAGHAVI-DEHAGHANI Mohammad R. GHARAATI Reza MASOOMI Mehdi GHIASSI-NEJAD

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0609140008-0609140008, (Released:2006-09-21)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

27

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The hot springs in certain areas of Ramsar contain 226Ra and 222Rn. The effects of natural radiation on the inhabitants of these areas and the inhabitant's radiosensitivity or adaptive responses were studied. One group of volunteers from areas with high natural background radiation and another group from areas with normal background radiation were chosen as the case and control group respectively. The frequency of micronuclei, apoptosis, and DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured following γ irradiation (4 Gy). The incidence of micronuclei in the case group was significantly lower than that in the control group while their frequency of apoptosis was higher (P < 0.05). However, the rates of induced DNA damage and repair were significantly higher in the case group (P < 0.05). Smaller number of micronuclei and higher levels of apoptosis in the case group could be the result of higher resistance to radiation stress and a more rigorous checkpoint at cell division. However, regarding the alkaline labile sites, the individuals in the case group are more sensitive and susceptible to DNA damage. The results of micronuclei, apoptosis and repair studies suggest that an adaptive response might be induced in people residing in areas with high background radiation.

著者

Jun-ichi Azuma Masahiro Sakamoto

出版者

FCCA(Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age)

雑誌

Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology (ISSN:09157352)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.81, pp.1-14, 2003-01-02 (Released:2010-01-05)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

48 56

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直径が3nm以下のセルロースミクロフィブリルを含むハイドロコロイドがヤドリギ、Viscum album L.、の果実およびバジルの種子の外珠皮に存在している。ヤドリギの場合では、セルロースミクロフィブリルは viscin と呼ばれる組織中に存在するロープ状の細胞中に細胞の長軸に対して直角の方向にコイル状にパックされている。一方、バジルの場合では、種子の外珠皮に存在する筒形の細胞内にコイル状にパックされている。これらの細胞が含水するに伴ってセルロースミクロフィブリルはほどけて周囲に広がっていく。ハイドロコロイドは一種のセルロース-ヘミセルロース性の多糖のコンポジットである。両ハイドロコロイドには(1,4)-結合したキシランとグルコマンナンの他に高度に分岐したアラビノガラクタンが含まれていることがメチル化分析の結果わかった。ハイドロコロイドの部分酸加水分解によりグルコマンナンタイプのヘミセルロースがセルロースと密接な関係にあり、酸性の多糖が水不溶性のセルロースをコロイド状態に保つ役割をしていると考えられる。

著者

EUN JIN WOO PRANJALI WAGHMARE YONGJUN KIM NILESH JADHAV GO-UN JUNG WON JOON LEE YOGESH YADAV AVRADEEP MUNSHI MALAVIKA CHATTERJEE AMRITHAVALLI PANYAM JONG HA HONG CHANG SEOK OH DONG HOON SHIN VASANT SHINDE

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.126, no.2, pp.111-120, 2018 (Released:2018-08-31)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

3

---

The Rakhigarhi site is the location of the ruins of an ancient megacity of the Harappan civilization and had not previously been investigated thoroughly. We tried to examine the physical and pathological traits of human skeletons (n = 37) from the cemetery at the site. In our study, a cranial index was calculated from one male skull (dolichocranic; index value = 65.78). The mean statures estimated by long bone length were 175.8 cm (male) and 166.1 cm (female). The indices of femoral diaphyseal shape were 79.8 (males) and 90.31 (females) for the platymeric index; and 113.78 (males) and 112.74 (female) for the pilasteric index. The dental health of the subjects appeared to be good as the overall prevalence of oral pathologies (caries and antemortem tooth loss) was generally low. Periosteal reactions were found in tibias and possible evidence of osteomyelitis was also observed in a femur. Some joint parts showed signs of osteoarthritis. Although various pathologies have been identified, we could not find any specific lesions suggestive of leprosy and tuberculosis in these skeletons. Although our study has added invaluable data to the existing information pool on the health and disease status of Harappan society, more accurate conjecture on the structure of Harrappan society based on bioarchaeological evidence will need additional research based on future excavations at Rakhigarhi cemetery.

著者

Ryoko Ando Asako Sakaue-Sawano Keiko Shoda Atsushi Miyawaki

出版者

Japan Society for Cell Biology

雑誌

Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23028, (Released:2023-06-30)

被引用文献数

7

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We cloned and characterized two new coral fluorescent proteins: h2-3 and 1-41. h2-3 formed an obligate dimeric complex and exhibited bright green fluorescence. On the other hand, 1-41 formed a highly multimeric complex and exhibited dim red fluorescence. We engineered 1-41 into AzaleaB5, a practically useful red-emitting fluorescent protein for cellular labeling applications. We fused h2-3 and AzaleaB5 to the ubiquitination domains of human Geminin and Cdt1, respectively, to generate a new color variant of Fucci (Fluorescent Ubiquitination-based Cell-Cycle Indicator): Fucci5. We found Fucci5 provided more reliable nuclear labeling for monitoring cell-cycle progression than the 1st and 2nd generations that used mAG/mKO2 and mVenus/mCherry, respectively. Key Words: fluorescent protein, cell cycle, time-lapse imaging, flow cytometry

著者

alg-d著

出版者

[Amazon]

巻号頁・発行日

2022

著者

マッカ-シ- ポ-ル 西原 大輔

出版者

學燈社

雑誌

国文学 解釈と教材の研究 (ISSN:04523016)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.6, pp.100-108, 1998-05

著者

Youn-Soo CHA Sung-Keun CHOI Heajung SUH Seong-No LEE Dongyoung CHO Kiwon LIM

出版者

(財)学会誌刊行センター/日本ビタミン学会、日本栄養・食糧学会

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.6, pp.378-384, 2001 (Released:2009-04-28)

被引用文献数

13

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The purpose of this study was to examine whether caffeine (CAF), carnitine (CAR), or CAP +CAR mixture administration affects exercise endurance time via carnitine metabolism. Water (CON), CAF, CAR, or CAF+CAR mixture was administered to five male rugby athletes participating in this study by a randomized double-blind fashion who were made to ride a cycle ergometer for exercise. The CAF effect on exercise endurance time was small, but the CAR trial significantly increased the exercise endurance time compared with CON trial; a further CAP+CAR mixture trial had greater effects on the exercise endurance time than those of a CON, CAF, or CAR trial. A CAR or CAF+CAR mixed trial increased uri-nary nonesterified carnitine (NEC) and total carnitine (TCAR), but no changes were ob-served in acid-soluble acylcarnitine (ASAC) and acid-insoluble acylcarnitine (AIAC) excre-tion. A CAR or CAF+CAR mixed trial resulted in higher levels of plasma NEC, ASAC, and TCAR fractions than the CON and CAF trials did on exhaustion time. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, and free fatty acid in blood were significantly increased at exhaustion time, but they were not affected in the CAF or the CAR trial. These results suggest that carnitine in-gestion could promote fat oxidation, resulting in higher endurance performance in athletes, and especially these ergogenic effects of carnitine coingested with caffeine may be greater than those of carnitine alone.

著者

Dalia Muhammed Al-Imam Hana Ibrahim Al-Sobayel

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.8, pp.1193-1198, 2014 (Released:2014-08-30)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1 20

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Burnout has been shown to be present in different health professions, but the prevalence among physiotherapists working in an Arabian setting has not been established. [Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the burnout levels of physiotherapists working in Saudi Arabia and the association of burnout with work and organization-related factors. [Subjects and Methods] A cross-sectional study was conducted at government hospitals in Saudi Arabia. One hundred and nineteen Saudi physiotherapists were included. They electronically completed a questionnaire that included the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Areas of Worklife Survey. [Results] Participants showed a moderate degree of burnout as reflected by mean scores of the three subscales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The majority of participants demonstrated moderate to high burnout levels across the three subscales. A significant association was found between the exhaustion subscale and the subspecialty in which participants worked. A strong association was found between workload and exhaustion subscale scores. [Conclusion] This study was the first to explore burnout and related factors among physiotherapists in an Arabian setting. A moderate degree of burnout and associations of burnout with work and organizational factors were found. The findings may help human resource planning and managing the physiotherapy services.

著者

Stéphane GRISON Jean-Charles MARTIN Line GRANDCOLAS Nathalie BANZET Eric BLANCHARDON Elie TOURLONIAS Catherine DEFOORT Gaëlle FAVÉ Romain BOTT Isabelle DUBLINEAU Patrick GOURMELON Maâmar SOUIDI

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.33-43, 2012 (Released:2012-02-02)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

20 9

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Reports have described apparent biological effects of 137Cs (the most persistent dispersed radionuclide) irradiation in people living in Chernobyl-contaminated territory. The sensitive analytical technology described here should now help assess the relation of this contamination to the observed effects. A rat model chronically exposed to 137Cs through drinking water was developed to identify biomarkers of radiation-induced metabolic disorders, and the biological impact was evaluated by a metabolomic approach that allowed us to detect several hundred metabolites in biofluids and assess their association with disease states. After collection of plasma and urine from contaminated and non-contaminated rats at the end of the 9-months contamination period, analysis with a LC-MS system detected 742 features in urine and 1309 in plasma. Biostatistical discriminant analysis extracted a subset of 26 metabolite signals (2 urinary, 4 plasma non-polar, and 19 plasma polar metabolites) that in combination were able to predict from 68 up to 94% of the contaminated rats, depending on the prediction method used, with a misclassification rate as low as 5.3%. The difference in this metabolic score between the contaminated and non-contaminated rats was highly significant (P = 0.019 after ANOVA cross-validation). In conclusion, our proof-of-principle study demonstrated for the first time the usefulness of a metabolomic approach for addressing biological effects of chronic low-dose contamination. We can conclude that a metabolomic signature discriminated 137Cs-contaminated from control animals in our model. Further validation is nevertheless required together with full annotation of the metabolic indicators.

著者

Fumikazu Sano Hideaki Yagasaki Satoru Kojika Takako Toda Yosuke Kono Katsue Suzuki-Inoue Tomoyuki Sasaki Shinji Ogihara Towa Matsuno Osamu Inoue Takeshi Moriguchi Norikazu Harii Junko Goto Tatsuya Shimizu Takeshi Inukai

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.236-239, 2021-05-31 (Released:2021-05-24)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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The 2019 novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a global outbreak of infection. In general, children with coronavirus disease-2019 have been reported to show milder respiratory symptoms than adult patients. Here, we have described a case of a SARS-CoV-2-infected infant who presented to our hospital with a severe episode of an apparent life-threatening event (ALTE). An 8-month-old, otherwise healthy female infant presented to our hospital because of a sudden cardiopulmonary arrest. Approximately 1 h before this episode, the patient showed no symptoms, except a worse humor than usual. On arrival at our hospital, the patient had severe acidosis, but there were no clear signs of inflammatory response. Chest computed tomography showed weak consolidations in the upper right lung and atelectasis in the lower left lung. No signs of congenital heart disease or cardiomyopathy were observed on echocardiography, and no significant arrhythmia was observed during the clinical course. However, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in tracheal aspirate and urine samples. Although the assessment of further similar cases is indispensable, this case suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection may be an underlying factor in the pathophysiology of ALTE.

著者

Tomoko Machino-Ohtsuka Kentaro Minami Hiro Yamasaki Tomofumi Nakatsukasa Naoto Kawamatsu Kimi Sato Masayoshi Yamamoto Kazushi Maruo Tomoko Ishizu Yasushi Kawakami Masaki Ieda

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0271, (Released:2023-06-30)

参考文献数

26

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Background: In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and severe blood stasis in the left atrial appendage (LAA), dense spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) disturbs the distinct visualization of the LAA interior, thus making thrombus diagnosis inconclusive. We aimed to prospectively assess the efficacy and safety of a protocol for a low-dose isoproterenol (ISP) infusion to reduce SEC to exclude an LAA thrombus.Methods and Results: We enrolled 17 patients with AF and dense SEC (Grade 4 or sludge). ISP was infused with gradually increasing doses of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 μg/kg/min at 3-min intervals. After increasing the dose to 0.03 μg/kg/min for 3 min, or when the LAA interior was visible, the infusion was terminated. We reassessed the SEC grade, presence of an LAA thrombus, LAA function, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) within 1 min of ISP termination. Compared with baseline, ISP significantly increased LAA flow velocity, the LAA emptying fraction, LAA wall velocities, and LVEF (all P<0.01). ISP administration significantly reduced the SEC grade (median) from 4 to 1 (P<0.001). The SEC grade decreased to ≤2 in 15 (88%) patients, and the LAA thrombus was excluded. There were no adverse events.Conclusions: Low-dose ISP infusion may be effective and safe to reduce SEC and exclude an LAA thrombus by improving LAA function and LVEF.

著者

Yutaka TAKETANI Masashi MASUDA Hisami YAMANAKA-OKUMURA Sawako TATSUMI Hiroko SEGAWA Ken-ichi MIYAMOTO Eiji TAKEDA Hironori YAMAMOTO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.Supplement, pp.S173-S175, 2015 (Released:2015-11-24)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

5 10

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing problem worldwide. The number of end-stage renal disease patients requiring treatment by dialysis is estimated to be increasing by 10,000 patients per year in Japan. Furthermore, an estimated 13 million people are living with CKD in Japan. Various complications are associated with CKD, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). More than one-third of CKD patients die from CVD. Thus, prevention of CVD is a primary concern for the treatment of CKD patients. CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a serious complication that typically leads to CVD. Hyperphosphatemia is thought to be a central-risk factor for CKD-MBD. Therefore, managing hyperphosphatemia is crucial to prevent CKD-MBD and CVD. It is difficult to achieve the target serum phosphate level through dietary modifications alone in patients with hyperphosphatemia, because most foods contain phosphate. Thus, phosphate binders such as calcium carbonate are commonly prescribed to CKD patients with hyperphosphatemia, but these have undesirable side effects. Inhibition of intestinal phosphate transport activity has also been investigated as an alternative approach for controlling serum phosphate levels in CKD patients. Nicotinamide, which is the amide of niacin, can inhibit intestinal phosphate transport. Niacin and related compounds have also been developed as drugs for hyperlipidemia conditions, especially hypertriglyceridemia with low high-density lipoprotein. This type of dyslipidemia is frequently observed in CKD patients and is a modifiable risk factor for CVD. Thus, niacin and related compounds may have utility for the treatment of both hyperphosphatemia and dyslipidemia in CKD patients to prevent CVD.