著者

笠井 健 高村 雅彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.651, pp.1279-1286, 2010-05-30 (Released:2010-07-26)

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This study deals with building types and spatial composition of town houses in the old Beijing city. The author's own field measurement results indicate that there are two types of buildings. By studying the urban structure (such as the skeleton of streets, block composition and subdivision) and various other social considerations (including the population, real estate activity, and house tax), and by using documentary and pictorial sources, the author concludes as follows.The first is a town house with posteriorly continuous ridges, built in dense commercial areas of small blocks. The second is a town house which also spreads back, but with courtyards in the middle. This courtyard-style was built in commercial areas with bigger blocks, facing onto arterial streets. In both cases, town houses, due to the location, expanded their shop area and created diverse spatial compositions. This study also shows that the first type originated with squatters taking over streets.

著者

林 要次

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.699, pp.1205-1210, 2014-05-30 (Released:2014-07-15)

参考文献数

4

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This paper is part of the study that analyzes the acceptance of French architectural theories in Modern Japan through Jumpei Nakamura, Japanese Professor Architect, and his theory and his educational practice. It is mainly organized in the analysis about:- Education when Jumpei Nakamura received at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris (ENSBA).- Education and impact on Jumpei Nakamura by Edouard Arnaud.Theory and educational practice of Edouard Arnaud, French Professor Architect-Engineer, teaching "Construction" lecture at the ENSBA, had great impact on Jumpei Nakamura's theory and educational practice.

著者

林 要次

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.706, pp.2759-2766, 2014-12-30 (Released:2015-01-30)

参考文献数

23

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This paper is the second part of a study of the acceptance of French architectural theories in Modern Japan. Focusing on Jumpei Nakamura (1887-1977), Japanese professor architect, this paper is intended as a consideration of the impact of French architectural theories on his pair of notebooks designated “Kenchiku-gaku-sôkô” (manuscripts of architectural theory). The notebooks are based on the studies of architectural theories and construction methods on French and Japanese references. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to explore a little further into the characteristic of the French references which Nakamura quoted to formulate his notebooks and architectural theory.

著者

古田 五波 後藤 春彦 三宅 論

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.540, pp.213-220, 2001-02-28 (Released:2017-02-04)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 2

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This study aims to clarify the eye fixation characters of sequence from car window. On this paper, first, we recorded the motion of the subject right eyes using eye-mark recorder, and described the difference of the eye fixation characters between speed condition of car window; normal and double speed. The eye fixation characters in this case signify the range of the eye mark, the object of the view, the distance between the subject's eye and the objects of view. Secondly, we clarified relationships the eye fixation character and the sequential landscape from car window. In conclusion, the speed variety of sequential landscape has influence on eye fixation characters. Finally, we varified the eye fixation characters by using quantitative description method.

著者

青木 義次

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.512, pp.159-166, 1998

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

3

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A part of architectural space, sometime, has a sub-part which is morphologically same or similar to the part. This type of structure of architectural space is called "IREKO" in Japanese or nesting structure. The nesting structure generates variety in architectural form although it is very complex and its concept is not so clear. The aim of this paper is to make clear the concept of nesting structure and its characteristics. We give a couple of definitions of the concept of nesting structure through the discussion on an example of Chinese Rose Window. The first definition of nesting structure suggests relevancy to the fractal theory. The second definition introduced by schema grammar produces a theory of nesting structure. That is, a set of architectural space is expressed by a series of terms and the nesting structure is corresponding to a solution of an abstractive equation system which is defined by schema rules. We show that the equation system can be solved by algebraic procedure and a set of forms of architectural space which has a nesting structure is defined as the solution.

著者

劉 培建 趙 王愛 白井 秀和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.650, pp.963-968, 2010

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The aim of this paper is to examine Viollet-le-Duc's architectural ideology through the analysis of his thought on <i>Rose</i>. In his <i>Dictionnaire raisonn&eacute; de l'architecture fran&ccedil;aise du XI^e au XVI^e si&egrave;cle</i>, the doctrine of structural rationalism was invoked through his conviction that Gothic architecture was a rational affair of constructive logic. As well as the Gothic architecture, the rose window in the stone structure has its rationality and economy. In the entry <i>Rose</i>, Viollet-le-Duc viewed three ideas such as construction, composition and decoration, which played the very important roles in the progress of rose window in order to gratify the natural desire. Meanwhile, the functions of rose window are not limited in providing light, reducing construction, giving added solidity and withstanding wind pressure, but it has its movement based on the special system. Therefore, <i>Rose</i> is a work based on the system with its own reasons.

著者

矢田 努 高木 清江 仙田 満

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.629, pp.1441-1448, 2008-07-30 (Released:2009-09-30)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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Forty-eight cases of collegiate lecture rooms were psychologically assessed by students during regular classes through a semantic differential technique. Multi-variable analyses were then applied first to extract the structure of evaluation and then to predict students' satisfaction which represented the first and primary factor, namely, “overall evaluation.” Other factors were “lecture content,” “acoustics” and “communication.” Spatial and environmental planning guidelines for enhancing students' satisfaction as interpreted from the multiple-regression equation which explained 72.3% of variance were lower students' density, higher level of illumination, curbing of natural lighting and increased main window area per total wall area. Larger room depth as well as larger desk size increased satisfaction. Illumination, however, should be given priority over room depth. Twenty to thirty percent of illumination increase should compensate twenty percent decrease in room depth.

著者

鈴木 義弘 片岡 正喜 中武 啓至

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.491, pp.75-82, 1997-01-30 (Released:2017-02-02)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

7 6

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For stimulation on participation in society and getting the useful data of intellectual disabled person, we clarified the characteristics and classified on 3 kinds of welfare working facilities (cooperating work-shop, industrial training facilities, welfare factory). Classifications were able to grasp 5 points of view, as follows, located condition, the utility circle of commuters, the ratio of disabled ranks, indication of changing treatment, the stance of parents for rehabilitation. According to the classification, there are remarkable difference on each aspect. Located condition prescribes the utility circle, accessibility make opportunity to commute by them selves. The tendency of disabled seriously, high aged, remaining with facilities for a long time brings about troublesome condition for working. And made reference the characteristics of each kind of facilities.

著者

龔 伶俐

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.691, pp.2039-2045, 2013-09-30 (Released:2013-11-30)

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Through the research of “Tong Zhi Tiao Ge”, this paper clarifies the structure of the laws and ordinances relevant to the official building and repair in Yuan dynasty. The results are as follow:1. With the format of TiaoGe(条格) had changed from the Ling(令) to Chi(勅), the influence of “Ying Shan Ling ”(営繕令) over “Tong Zhi Tiao Ge”(通制条格) was became disappear during the late Yuan dynasty.2. “Tong Zhi Tiao Ge”, aims at supervising the official building and repair, has mainly the same contexts as “Ying Shan Ling” in Song dynasty, except the lack of legal code for city wall and architectural style. Furthermore, the ordinances of official residence's repair are more important than building regulation in Yuan dynasty.3. The system of inspection, judgment and supply upon the official building and repair would have founded in Yuan dynasty.

著者

吉田 正二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.657, pp.2747-2753, 2010

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This paper refers to a few observations on structural features of the Old City of Sana'a in Yemen, focusing on constituent elements of harah/harat, traditional neighbourhood units, and transition of land use. There are 56 harat in the city today. The area of the old city of Sana'a, which developed many times since the Saba era, was figured under the first Ottoman occupation. The main constituent elements of harah are a mosque, a green field called a maqushama which belongs to a mosque, houses, streets, and sharhat, small open square. Under the modernization, such as installation of water supply and sewerage system, Sana'a is changing in traditional harah politically, socially, even physically. Such circumstances affect historic environment of Sana'a.

著者

山田 幸正

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.502, pp.219-224, 1997

参考文献数

24

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This paper refers to the actual condition of religious donation system, called Waqf among 46 existent wakala-s in Cairo, based on some findings of a field survey in 1994/95. Under the State Control of Waqf, the wakala-s in Cairo have lost the proper values and functions in present economic activities. Reviewing the outline of enterprises for waqf since the Mamluk period, their purpose and character have been changing gradually. In the framework of the system of waqf, however, these projects which were with constructing wakala-s as the central figure, have remained to play an important role in rehabilitating the stagnant districts by equipping with urban facilities.

著者

李 明 石丸 紀興

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.537, pp.311-318, 2000-11-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2 3

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In this paper, some studies are done on the activities of architect's office of Akatsuki, the first architecture office in Hiroshima after the war, and the roles in the reconstruction of Hiroshima city, with observing the experiences of the architects, in the establishment and development of the office mainly. As a result, architect's office of Akatsuki was the pioneer of Hiroshima architects, where Mr. T. Murata, Mr. Y. Kouchi and Mr. S. Ohhata were main members. Although it did not influence the main development of the modern architecture history of Japan remarkably, it indeed played a very important role in the formation and organization of the architecture offices in Hiroshima, and also in the revitalization of Hiroshima.

著者

李 明 石丸 紀興

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.617, pp.215-222, 2007-07-30 (Released:2017-02-25)

被引用文献数

1 5

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Yoshinari KOUCHI, who was born in Hiroshima on June 13 in 1913, graduated from Yokohama engineering college in 1935. He studied under Junpei NAKAMURA, who was the famous architect and educator. After his graduation, he worked under Mumoru YAMADA, who was one of the most famous rationalistic architects in Modern Japan, and he went to Manchuria for working as an architect at architecture section in Ministry of Communications Financial Bureau. Since July in 1939, he had designed buildings as an engineer at architecture section in General Bureau of Post Affairs, Manchoukuo. After the Second World War, he returned to Japan and made a great contribution to reconstruction of Hiroshima City by designing many buildings at AKATUKI architecture design institute. In 1951, he established KOUCHI YOSHINARI architecture design institute. He was not only an energetic architect based in Hiroshima but also the person who was active in various fields of the academic studies and the building administration.

著者

石渡 雄士

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.729, pp.2561-2571, 2016 (Released:2016-11-30)

被引用文献数

1

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Port of Yokohama grew up to be a port city representing Japan from the end of Edo era to the middle of the Taisho era. There were many sheds and warehouses in the iron pier and Shinko-wharf. The sheds was used as sorting of cargo and getting on and off for passenger. The two warehouses was used as a long storage of cargo. They were an important element of the port landscape. Today, the preserved warehouses charms many tourists as a symbol of the port of Yokohama. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the space composition of the public shed and warehouse at iron pier and Shinko-wharf before and after the Great Kanto Earthquake. I considered the following three viewpoints 1. This study examines how to use the shed and warehouse. And general size of the shed and warehouse examined and compared to the building of the Port of Yokohama. 2. Analysis of space composition of the shed and warehouse was carried out in two parts. The first one is cargo space. Placement of the pillars and plane composition of partition was revealed in the shed. Relationship of transporting machine(crane, incline, elevator) was revealed in the warehouse. The second is passenger space. There are two types in this space. One is space of only passenger, and the other one is space of the passenger and the pick-up person. 3. This study has revealed what has changed how structure and plan composition of the shed and warehouse. The conclusion is as follows. 1. Oficial port facilities had only sheds before Great Kanto Earthquake in general. But oficial port facilities had not only sheds but also warehouses after Great Kanto Earthquake. And both of sheds and warehouses were placed as port facilities. The longest dimension (90ken) of ridge direction in the sheds and the length of a 10,000 ton ship is the almost same length. The span of the shed were smaller than a standard at the time. But the dimension(14ken) was affected the shed of the port of Kobe. The span of the warehouses were smaller than a standard at the time. I pointed out possibility that the longitudinal dimensions (81.5ken) of the warehouse was designed with reference to the longest dimensions of the shed. 2. Cargo space of the shed was a wide room to sort cargo. On the other hand, cargo space of warehouse was small rooms for disaster prevention. And the shed was an one-storied building. And warehouse was a three-storied building. I pointed out that cargo space in a warehouse increased in the verticalness direction. Passenger space and cargo space of the shed were different in form of the ceiling etc. After the Great Kanto Earthquake, passenger were able to move to the passenger space without walking the cargo space. And waiting room changed from indoor space to outdoor space. Passenger space was not only a space to wait but also a space to enjoy eating. 3. The structure of the shed was wooden and steel before Great Kanto Earthquake. Roof of all the sheds was roof truss. Pillars are arranged along the center of the wooden shed for earthquake. But there was not a pillar in the steel shed. And the structure of the shed was steel structure and RC structure , SRC structure after Great Kanto Earthquake. Roof of the shed was two types( roof truss, flat roof of RC structure). Pillars are arranged along the center of the sheds of flat roof. And there were not a pillar in the sheds of roof truss. These sheds were built with the same structure every quay.

著者

麓 和善 鈴木 光雄 河田 克博 内藤 昌

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.490, pp.155-162, 1996-12-30 (Released:2017-02-02)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1 1

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Design about the eaves is a very important factor to construct exterior on Japanese traditional architecture. In the Edo and Meiji era, many Japanese architectural books were written. But eaves camber design method was not written until "Banshouke Kayaoisori Mitugousinri" which was written by Tousai Kiko in 1864. After that, 12 books were written. We universalize these methods by functional equations, and attempt to make practicable by CAD. We examine the rate of application for architectural monuments by computer analyzing, and propose "Formula of Eaves Camber for CAD" as best formula.

著者

デグズマン マリア カリナ 花里 俊廣 冨江 伸治

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.545, pp.107-114, 2001

被引用文献数

1 1

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フィリピンにおける集合住宅開発の歴史はまだ浅く,フィリピン特有の生活様式にあった住戸空間の形成に向けた研究は,まだ不十分な段階にある。本研究の目的は、こうした状況を踏まえて、フィリピンのマニラ首都圏に政府によって建設された2つの集合住宅を対象として住まい方調査を行い、異なる所得層のために計画された住戸空間の間に存在する共通性、類似性、および相違点を明らかにし、フィリピンにおける集合住宅計画の糸口を得ようとするものである。具体的な調査対象は、ケゾン市バランガイ・コモンウェルスのMRB住宅(Quezon City Baranggay Commonwealth Housing Project)1996年完成/フィリピンにおける公共集合住宅の最近の事例)と、同市ディリマン(Diliman)のサン・ヴィセンテ・グリス住宅(San Vicente Bliss Housing Project), 1980年完成/フィリピンにおける公共集合住宅の初期の事例)である。前者の入居対象は低所得層、後者は準低所得層が想定され、各住戸ユニットの床面積は、前者が19.50m^2、後者が54.00m^2と、規模に差がある。また、両住宅ともオーブン・プラン方式を採用しており、入居時点で、電気、水道関連設備以外、間仕切り、仕上げ等は入居者が自由に行うことになっている。フィリピンにおける公共住宅開発においては、このような方式が一般的である。したがって、調査対象2例の場合も、入居者が各ユニット内の空間構成を決定、デザインしたものである。研究の方法は、各々の住戸ユニット内での住まい方を調査したうえで、空間構成をスペース・シンタックス(Space Syntax)手法を用いて空間構成を解釈し、両者を比較して類似点、相違点を示す。MRB住宅については、調査した50戸の住戸ユニットの一戸あたりの平均居住者数は4.62人であり、空間構成は居間を玄関に直接隣接して配置し、食堂・台所、寝室への導入空間として位置付けるという一定のハターンが見出された。また、狭い住戸面積のため寝室では2段式ベットを使用する場合が多く、居間を寝室として兼用するケースも見られた。寝室空間および収納スペースを確保するために、屋根裏・ロフトを設けることも一般化していることが分かった。サン・ヴィセンテ・ブリス住宅で調査した30ユニットについては、平均居住者数は5.85人であった。空間構成では居間が玄関に直結する傾向を示し、その点でMRB住宅の事例と類似している。ここでも食堂・台所がその他の部屋への移動の中心的経由空間としての役割を有していることが確認された。この住宅は、各住戸ユニットが比較的広い床面積を有していることから、寝室空間が食堂・台所に隣接する形で十分確保さわていた。また2室以上の寝室を有するケースでは、1部屋が居間に隣接する形で設けられていた。以上のような調査から、フィリピンの公共集合住宅の住戸ユニット内の空間構成について以下のようにまとめることができる。1)ジャステイファイド・グラフ(Justified Access Graph)では、2事例の住宅ともに当然ながら共通して、居間が住戸ユニット内と住戸外空間とを結び付ける空間的役割を担っていることが示された。さらに、住戸ユニット内の殆どの部屋が食堂・台所と隣接する形で配置されており、食堂・台所が住戸ユニット内で空間的な中心的機能を果していることが確認された。2)居間および食堂・台所の奥行(Relative Assymetry)算定値は低く、雨空間か居住者の日常生活において最も頻繁に使用されていることを示している。このことは、ジャスティファイド・グラフが視覚的、図式的に示した住戸内の空間の相互の連関状況を裏付けるものであり、両空間が各住戸内で営まれる生活において極めて高い統制機能を有することを実証している。同様のことは、空間統制値(Controlvalue)の算定数値によっても確認することができた。結果として、フィリピンの公共集合住宅では、住戸の規模の大小に関わらず、居住者の使い方を反映した空間の構成・配置において一定の構成をなしていることを明らかにした。ただし、詳細にみると床面積規模が各室の住まい方に影響を与えており、サン・ヴィセンテ・ブリス住宅では各室とも特定の機能、目的に応じて使い分けられているのに対して、MRB住宅では限られた床面積の影響から各室が複数の機能を担っており、たとえば居間は寝室、子供の学習空間、さらには食堂を兼ねているケースがある等の状況を示した。

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.757, pp.751, 2019 (Released:2019-03-30)

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著 者 坪山 幸王、佐藤 信治、小林 美夫 表 題 観覧室における滞留密度と展示水槽の規模が観覧者行動に与える影響 ―水族館の個水槽前面における観覧領域に関する研究 (1)― 掲載誌 日本建築学会計画系論文集、第497号、95-102 頁、1997年7月 本論文は著者から取り下げの申請があり、これを承認した。

著者

日本建築学会論文集委員会

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.497, pp.95-102, 1997-07-30 (Released:2017-02-02)

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著 者 坪山 幸王、佐藤 信治、小林 美夫 表 題 観覧室における滞留密度と展示水槽の規模が観覧者行動に与える影響 ―水族館の個水槽前面における観覧領域に関する研究 (1)― 掲載誌 日本建築学会計画系論文集、第497号、95-102 頁、1997年7月 本論文は著者から取り下げの申請があり、これを承認した。

著者

樋野 公宏 小島 隆矢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.616, pp.107-112, 2007

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

8 5

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This paper aims to explain the risk of dwelling burglary with factors representing physical and socio-demographic context of neighbourhoods and make clear the relationship among them with SEM (structural equation modeling). The following are main information got in this paper, which enables evidence-based crime reduction. ・Higher density, larger family and larger daytime population reduce the risk, which probably provide high level of natural surveillance. ・There is higher risk in neighbourhoods with high rate of rented houses. ・There is higher risk in neighbourhoods with high building coverage ratio whereas there is lower risk in those with high floor area ratio. In conclusion, it is suggested that a holistic approach should be taken considering community safety as an aspect of quality of life.

著者

ハビビ・セイド・ムスタファ 小野 尋子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.756, pp.407-414, 2019

被引用文献数

2

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&nbsp;The capital Kabul is growing at a fast pace than any other city in Afghanistan, it experienced a dramatic expansion over the past decade. The population has increased by almost 10% per year which caused a significant increase in the number of slums, as an unwanted consequence today informal settlements have covered about more than 69% of the city. This paper explains an afghan model of Land Readjustment which applied on an informal settlement area of Kabul with a very minimum compensation and contribution ratio. It appeared more applicable due to the preservation of historical buildings and low destruction cost.