著者

藤村 龍至 佐々木 啓 塚本 由晴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.630, pp.1819-1824, 2008-08-30

参考文献数

2

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In this paper, the relationship between building typology and fragmental urban morphology viewed from building front of corner as a common condition covered over Shimo-kitazawa is clarified in order to find out the physical order of the district well known for its complexed and intimate atmosphere. In the first half part, the typology of the corner buildings is led by considering the relationship between building element and volume, and the way how the buildings respond to the corner is clarified. In the latter half part, the conbinations of the corner buildings' type are examined in each corner. As a result, it does not seems that the same type of corner buildings stand next each other, however, linguistic rules such as elements and volumes shared by corner buildings in the district work better to know the relationship between buildings and urbanmorphologies in contemporary fluid urban context.

著者

宮内 杏里 山本 直彦 増井 正哉 田中 麻里 パント モハン 濱岡 飛鳥 向井 洋一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.731, pp.93-103, 2017

被引用文献数

2

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&nbsp;This paper aims to discuss the areal extent and spatial structure of neighborhood, called <i>tol</i>, which possibly demarcate urban fabric with respect to worship and funeral procedure. Bhaktapur is known as one of the historic cities of the World Heritage Site in Kathmandu Valley. The analysis focuses on the house distributions that have the common votary area of the guardian deities' shrine and the use of the same crossing for funeral procedure.<br>&nbsp;A <i>tol</i> is one of the traditional neighborhood units. But it is not clear how <i>tols</i> are structured and what <i>tols</i> have in common. First, we take a look into the existing studies on origin and outline of a <i>tol</i>, and pay special attention to the following two studies. A research done by Pant (2001) has taken the approach that the key to consider a <i>tol</i> is the areal extent of worship to the guardian deities, <i>ganesh</i>. Another research done by Gutschow (1975) has claimed that the clue to determine <i>tol</i> boundaries is the ways of the Dead to crematories. It consider a <i>tol</i> as equivalent to the areal extent of use of the same <i>chwasa</i> which is a stone found often at the crossings on the way to crematories from the diseased houses.<br>&nbsp;<i>Ganesh</i> is often considered as a guardian deity at various neighborhood levels. That of a <i>tol</i> is called Tol Ganesh. A Tol Ganesh is normally placed on the main square in a <i>tol</i>, except when there is a presence of a more prominent deity of wider importance in the main square. People in the same <i>tol</i> usually worship the same Tol Ganesh. We find out that those living urban dwellings in located on both sides of a street worship to the same Tol Ganesh, but the depth of its areal extent on one side of a street seems shallow than the other side.<br>&nbsp;<i>Chwasa</i> is an aniconic ritual artifact made of a single stone placed on the crossing. Various articles left by the diseased are disposed on the stone as a part of the funeral procedures, for example clothes, umbilical cord or inauspicious belongings of the dead. We found 7 <i>chwasas</i> in the case-study area to the east of Dattatraya square. However the inhabitants in the peripheral part of the old city do not use these <i>chwasas</i> but use the temples or the crematories outside the city area. People living in the midst of the city area after disposing articles of the dead on <i>chvasa</i> also use the temples afterwards.<br>&nbsp;Next we compare the areal extent of worship to Tol Ganesh with that of use of <i>chwasa</i>. Whether or not a <i>ganesh</i> shrine and <i>chwasa</i> are closely placed will determines overlapping extent of both votary areas. However it became clear that the areal extent of use of <i>chwasa</i> have the same character with that of worship to Tol Ganesh in terms of <i>Ryogawa-cho</i> structure explained below and the difference in horizontal depth perpendicular to the street.<br>&nbsp;Finally, our suevey located <i>tol</i> boundaries in the eastern part of Bhaktapur. It turned out that there were 2 types of <i>tol</i> boundaries. i.e. the more common type whose boundaries lying on the backside of houses (<i>Ryogawa-cho</i> type), and the other one with boundaries lying on the street (<i>Katagawa-cho</i> type). Compering these three boundaries, (Tol Ganesh, <i>chwasa</i> and <i>tol</i>), <i>Katagawa-cho</i> type <i>tol</i> boundaries seem to be an exception. But we will try to find particular meaning in them in the next paper on historic urban formation.

著者

笠原 一人

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.649, pp.727-736, 2010

被引用文献数

2

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This Paper examines the Architectural works and activities of Isaburo Ueno. He went to Berlin and Wien to study architecture in 1920's after graduated from Waseda Univ. in Tokyo. He worked at Josef Hofmann's studio, and got married with a Wiener Werkst&auml;tte designer Felice Lizzi Rix. After he came back to Japan, he established his own architectural studio. He founded 'The International Architectural Association of Japan' in 1927, and became the chairman of the association. He designed architectures based on modernism, while he applied some ornaments on his works. That ornaments designed by his wife Lizzi, as the collaborationist. Then after World War II, he devote to education of architecture and design.

著者

四ヶ所 高志 塩崎 太伸 奥山 信一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.684, pp.355-364, 2013-02-28 (Released:2013-05-31)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

---

The piloti, elevating the building above ground, is one of the most characteristic modernist structural types. This element also has spatial implications, as recognized by Le Corbusier's “Five Points” and exemplified in his “Villa Savoye (1928-31)”. After World War II a number of such houses made their appearance in Japan. Here we aim to illustrate and examine how Japanese architects of the time extrapolated a design theme from this model, based on a study of such work as it appeared in architectural publications. Initially, two aspects of the piloti concept were selected, and each scheme was then subjected to a “KJ-method” analysis (originated by KAWAKITA Jiro). First, we scrutinized the architect's intention in adopting a piloti scheme. Secondly, we attempted to assess each architect's distinct view of the spatial character of the prototype, as exemplified in his deployment of the piloti model. At this point, the composition of each house was assessed with regard to two aspects involving the relationship between building and ground, namely the interrelation of building to site and to its natural gradation. Finally, the mediation between each architect's thinking and the final composition has been plotted in terms of this dual classification.

著者

苅谷 哲朗

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.582, pp.201-208, 2004-08-30 (Released:2017-02-09)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 3

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The purpose of this paper is to study by the hierarchical structure method with golden section for architectural elevations by Kenzo Tange. In case of many of his works of Kenzo Tange, people will find golden section on them. He requests his staffs to make models from the early stage of the design, and check the design and proportion quite repeatedly. Model makings are at the beginning in 1:500 scale, next in 1:200 scale, then in 1:50 scale , in 1:10 scale etc.. At each stages the. Frameworks of each scales are decided by him and by his old staffs. Therefore even if observers feel there is no les traces regulateurs or no modulor in the'design process in front of Kenzo Tange, golden section is gradually decided through the feed back process.

著者

真木 利江 新畑 朋子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.748, pp.1117-1125, 2018 (Released:2018-06-30)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

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This paper aims to clarify the transition and the characteristics of the landscape design by Kenzo Tange in Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park through investigation of the drawings and the descriptions of the park published in magazines and collections of his works, and the historical materials owned by the Hiroshima City Archives. Tange's plan, proposed in the architectural design competition held in 1949, is very famous for the idea that the principle axis oriented north and south through the park crosses at right angles with the axis oriented east and west along Peace Boulevard. Both the Peace Arch and the piloti of the Peace Memorial Museum open onto the north-south axis and divide the expanse from the Peace Boulevard to the Atomic Bomb Dome into 3 parts (forecourt, the Peace Square, and the area of memorial trees). The A-Bomb Dome appears as the focal point in the view along the axis. The creation of monumentality with an invisible axis not depending on massive objects in the park is esteemed as his original and excellent design. His design work continued from 1949 to 1955 when the construction had finished, and in the 1970's he proposed a new plan to solve problems which had been caused by postwar shortages in the supply of construction materials. We examined the proposals he made in each period, focusing on the treatment of the principal axis and how the park was designed to both commemorate the victims of atomic bomb and promote peace. His plan, drawn in 1949, included a detailed landscape design. The Peace Square was covered with turf and the memorial trees, planted in a grid, were pruned cypresses. The central hourglass shaped stretch was flanked by evergreen trees on the eastern and western parts of the stretch. There were also several paths lined with deciduous trees or pine trees along the river. The original plan for the Memorial Arch was cancelled and the Memorial Cenotaph designed by Tange was aligned to frame the A-Bomb Dome in 1952. The plan drawn in 1952 shows long and narrow flowerbeds on the principal axis in the northern part. Tange's original plan for a grid of memorial cypress trees was not realized when the planting was eventually carried out. In the 1960's the Peace Flame and the Peace Pond were aligned on the axis to the north of the cenotaph. In the 1970's, Tange proposed some ideas to improve the park. The primary idea was to pave the whole hourglass stretch with stones to show the atomic bombed town map as it had been at the time of the bombing. He also presented the idea to extend the Peace Pond to the river. Regarding the principal axis, we clarified that the concept of the invisible axis became obscure when the cenotaph was built. The concept in his 1970's proposal indicated that the initial idea of an invisible axis was realized in southern part of the park and on the other hand the visible axis was distinctly shown as the extended Peace Pond. Regarding the function of the park to promote peace, we clarified that the original plan called for different purposes for the northern and southern parts of the park: The northern part was to commemorate the victims whereas the southern part would promote peace, but these separated functions overlapped in an unrealized redesign proposal which would have put markers indicating property boundaries of the obliterated buildings that had previously stood in the center of the park, and also in the view from the cenotaph.

著者

西應 浩司 松原 斎樹 森田 孝夫 宮岸 幸正 阪田 弘一 藏澄 美仁

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.554, pp.219-225, 2002-04-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study summarizes the results of a psychological experiment conducted in order to assess continuous recognition of street layout based on the dominant hemisphere of the brain. The experiment was conducted in two areas : one with a grid-shaped street pattern and another with an irregular pattern of winding streets. Subjects were asked to memorize route by studying a computer-animated simulation and walk the route by themselves. Originally the experiment included 18 right-dominant and 21 left-dominant. Analyzing questionnaire and errors in the cognitive maps, the right-dominant used more spatial expression than the left-dominant. However, there was no difference between both types in the number of completion of walking the route and drawing the cognitive maps.

著者

番場 美恵子 竹田 喜美子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.592, pp.25-31, 2005

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

7 2

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The purpose of this study is, as the elderly living in urban housing complex is the subject of this study, to reveal the change of their living activities and the process of transition. As a conclusion, not only the ko (=individual life style) is expanded in the elderly period, but also it observed the change of their ko centered living activities As they get more older, the identity is established and ko becomes the center of their lives. The important thing is actively inviting kyaku (=the guests to their lives) and having a balance between ko and kyaku in their lives.

著者

増永 理彦 富樫 頴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.549, pp.247-252, 2001

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

4 2

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The aim of this paper is to survey sharing or separating of bedrooms among elderly couples living in housings rented by UDC. The conclusion is as follows : 1 On the choice of bedrooms, the 43 couples share their bedrooms and the 47 don't share among the 90 elderly households. This choice of sleeping style is influenced not only by the size and number of bedrooms but also by the floor space of the housing units 2 The factors in making the choice include the availability of "Japanese style rooms" "rooms with Japanese style sliding door closet", "calmness", and so on. 3 The majority of the couples surveyed usually use Japanese style futon for sleeping, whereas western style beds are used more requently in larger housing units.

著者

沢田 知子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.547, pp.95-102, 2001

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

12 9

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The study will propose designing dwellings to support and enrich the elderly and aged people. This study reports on a survey on the condoiiniui houses built about 20 years ago. In the survey, some characteristics of life style and way of living for their generation. In the parti, main findings are as follows. Characteristics are discussed; the increase of smaller dweller for aging after the separation of children; the increase of stay at home and that of accompany of wife and husband; the active hobby life, as the life style and way of living; the change of closed to open door of children's rooms; the change to separate sleeping of the couple.

著者

池 浩三

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.537, pp.265-273, 2000

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

1

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The suggestion that the logic and details of the Doric order was copied from earlier wooden construction is open to question because some scholars reject it as invalid hypothesises. Thus, this paper tries to interpret the meaning of the Doric elements from the mythological or philosophical point of view and confirms that the symbolism of the Parthenon is implied in the correspondence between the forms and their colours. A restored model (scale: 1/10) of the north-west corner of the Parthenon was manufactured as an effective method to understand such reality of the polychromy.

著者

小柳 由紀子 土居 義岳

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.570, pp.125-131, 2003-08-30 (Released:2017-02-09)

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study aims both at reproducing the original plan of Madame du Deffand's apartment based on her inventory after death and at defining the feminine specificity of 18th century French women's habitations. Using this method based on the inventory after death developed by the Ecole d'Annales in France, we describe the functional characteristics of each room, mainly in terms of size and design. Analyzing the restitution's results in perspective with the knowledge of fine art and furniture, we shed further light on the social and cultural life of 18th century French women.

著者

平賀 慎 杉田 洋 村川 三郎 近藤 貴道

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.616, pp.153-158, 2007-06-30 (Released:2017-02-25)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 1

---

This paper proposes the cleanliness check system which is constructed by the evaluation of students for the purpose of efficient cleaning management. This system was applied to a certain university as a case study. First the viewpoints and judgment conditions on which the cleanliness of campus were evaluated were extracted by the hearing investigations to the students. Then, some items for the cleanliness check were decided based on these results. Furthermore, importance level to the check items and user satisfaction to the current conditions were investigated. As a result, the necessary knowledge to improve concretely the cleaning management was obtained.

著者

小野 恭平

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.676, pp.1507-1512, 2012-06-30 (Released:2012-07-27)

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The purpose of this paper is to explore attractions of yamazato (location of leisure activity / romance / secluded life / religion) described in literary works of Heian era. The followings have been obtained as conclusions. (1) yamazato as a place of leisure activity was the place that freed people from capital's daily lives and took them out of the real world and took them to another world. (2) yamazato as a place of romance was just like the world described in a story and released people from the reality of the boring capital. (3) yamazato as a place of secluded life and religion was a place that released people from the reality and this world itself. Yamazato in Heian era was deemed as a place that released people from the reality of the world, which was difficult to live in.

著者

上野 萌香 小野 尋子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.758, pp.935-941, 2019

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<p> Contemporary open space planning is required both approach of science and function. As one of the functions of the green, there is a temperature mitigation function of green spaces to solve the heat island problems. So in the new development, planners should consider to effective greening in there. In the case of planning the open space with temperature mitigation, it is significant to analyze based on the output index as green space in quantitative and the outcome index as temperature mitigation effect of them. This study aims, from the view point of easy adapting for open space planning in future development, to estimate how much effect of urban thermal environment mitigation in subtropical climatic conditions by ratio of ground coverage.</p><p> We studied in Naha Shintoshin area in Naha City, Okinawa Prefecture. Naha Shintoshin area was returned land from USA base and had been developed by land readjustment project finished in 2003. The LR project area was 214 ha. But because of the limitation of lack of measurement tools and man power, we had to choose a part of area, 5508 m2, as our case study site in there.</p><p> The case study site is almost flat in topographical condition and planned in modern urban planning theory which has block parks, neighborhood park, comprehensive park, and greening residential district. Because of this site is an example of entirely new development in Okinawa and it is planned in neighborhood planning theory, this site was suitable as case study site.</p><p> Temperature measurements by hour was done at 39 spots where are in different environment such as in bank of a river, in park, on greenery street, and in residential parcels. The amount of measurements was 2846 hours. We set the finite difference between measurement temperature and temperature published Okinawa meteorological observatory as an explained variable and set land coverage ratio of the site as explanatory variables. The land coverage ratio was estimated by google aerial photos and was divided to tree, grass, water, bare, building and pavement.</p><p> Analysis methods are followings. At first, we examined the ratio of ground coverage which is superior effect of the temperature mitigation for each temperature range, time zone, mesh grid size in subtropical climatic conditions. (Sec. 3) Next, we analyzed the influence of the temperature distribution from the relation with the ground covering condition in quantitatively. (Sec. 4) And then this study considers the findings of temperature mitigation of open space as a green space planning theory. (Sec. 6)</p><p> And the consequences are followings. 1, It was confirmed that factors such as season, time zone, mesh grid size, affect the relationship between temperature mitigation and ground coverage. 2, It was confirmed from the single regression analysis result that the adjusted R2 becomes high in mesh grid size of 10m and 90m. This result means the natural land coverage has both effect of temperature mitigation in spot and wide area. 3, By principal component analysis, it was possible to obtain a multivariate regression analysis result avoiding Multiple correlations. 4, From the estimated temperature distribution of the target area, it was confirmed that the site that ration of green coverage is 20% or more, forms a low temperature zone.</p><p> Considering of these result with real green planning, 10m mesh effect should be able to use in planning of house scale, and 90m mesh effect should be able to adapt as a greening regulation in special district plan.</p><p> This study remains future subjects such as the multiple elements analysis and the continuity consideration to next meshes in wide-spread greenery land use.</p>

著者

廣瀬 耀也 後藤 春彦 吉江 俊

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.758, pp.913-923, 2019 (Released:2019-04-30)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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In many developed countries including Japan, it has been pointed out that the conventional intermediate group that stabilized society has been dismantled, and isolated individuals are exposed. On the other hand, in recent years, the group of young people who tend to build a strong human relationship locally and to complete the living area there has been drawing attention as one of the typologies of behavior that characterize the youth near the city center. They have been discussed mainly in the field of marketing in terms of their consumption behavior. Moreover, it has been pointed out that this group of youth tends to participate in regional events actively, such as local festivals and to have an orientation for local settlement. It is thought that their orientation for local settlement is based on local-oriented mind, which is formed with friends of elementary and junior high school days. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the process that the group of young people, as an intermediate group based on the experiences of elementary and junior high school days, forming local-oriented mind from group discussion and life story survey. There were three investigations and following was obtained:  1) The target youth’s sense of belonging to local area The local memories shared by the group were collected by group discussion under daily circumstances and classified into seven topics. Also, by analyzing the transition of conversation, it became clear that the topic related to the comparison with the city center is the important one linked with many topics. Based on the result, this paper analyzed how the target young people form a sense of belonging to the localities from the viewpoint of the distinction of behaviors in between city center and their local area. As a result, the target young people formed a sense of belonging to the localities by we-feeling; They do not pay attention to interpersonal attitudes, conversation contents, and clothes except for superior people in their local area. They try to be associate with someone carefully in the local are because they think the rumors spread very quickly. And unlike in the city, they can enjoy entertainment activities without considering trends.  2) The target youth’s formation process of Local-oriented mind Through interview of life story, it became obvious that the range of activities in junior high school days influences the formation of intermediate group by analyzing the local scope affecting the formation of intermediate group from the psychological local scope and places spoken as activity places by developmental stages of youth. Also, by analyzing the temporal and spatial changes of young activities that form local-oriented and its factors from contents of narratives, it became found that from the late infancy to the late adolescence, while receiving the influence of a friend relationship during junior high school, activities forming local-oriented mind is changing.  3) Consciousness for the living in the future and its background factors From the results of the survey on the consciousness for the living in the future, it became clear that the intermediate group itself is mediating the local-oriented mind and influences the intention of settlement and the positive participation of local events.

著者

竹内 宏俊 岩岡 竜夫 羽生 修二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.594, pp.231-236, 2005-08-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

被引用文献数

1 5

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The purpose of this study is to make the meaning of Scale in Architecture clear by doing an analysis of various literatures which explain the terms of scale. The results of this analysis, the scale of architecture is not only the system of size in various levels (physical, visual, technological, economical, etc.), but also the allometrical relations between the proportions which exist in similar forms of different size each other.

著者

長沢 麻未 角 哲 小澤 丈夫 羽深 久夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.729, pp.2507-2516, 2016 (Released:2016-11-30)

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This paper describes about the development process and methods of “Fuzoku-nojo”, the farms of Sapporo Agricultural School, and their roles played in the development of the adjacent regions. Since the establishment of Kaitakushi in 1870, the farmlands in Hokkaido were developed by governmental immigration division system. On the other, Sapporo Agricultural School established its own eight farms for the technical experiment and training for the young engineers by 1896. Both of the architectural and regional planning characteristics of innovative trials in such school farms and their influence to the adjacent areas have not been studied sufficiently so far. The authors describe that the rural areas adjacent to those school farms are distinguished from the other standardized development areas.

著者

川嶋 勝 大川 三雄 矢代 眞己 田所 辰之助

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.721, pp.751-758, 2016 (Released:2016-03-30)

被引用文献数

1 2

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The purpose of this study is to examine the activity of architectural publisher KOYOSHA (1912-1944) from the characteristic of the publication and the persons involved with and is to locate its achievement within the framework of the history of modern architecture in Japan.As the result, below mentioned three points become clear; 1. Its activity is distinguished into three periods. 2. Those change is caused by relationship among the publisher and the authors. 3. Such process also indicates a role of architectural books, in response not only to theoretical promotion of the modernist architecture but also to social needs.

著者

池田 朋子 吉田 浩士 大力 由佳 大貝 彰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.537, pp.195-202, 2000

参考文献数

10

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Principal component analysis(PCA) has been used in Architectural Planning and Urban Planning. However, PCA can not always project the feature of samples onto low dimensional space. Therefore another mapping technic should be desired in the field. In this article, non-linear mapping (NLM) is employed to make an image map of a novel, 'Industrial Complex with Time Slip,' written by Yoriko SHOUNO. PCA is also employed tocompare the maps each other. Meaning of the city is read by chasing the locus of scenes in the NLM map. Then it can be said that the NLM map is an image map of the city.