著者

大利 昌久

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2-3, pp.93-99, 1975-08-15 (Released:2016-09-05)

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Surveys on spider fauna have been carried out to know the seasonal change, breeding season, habitats and role as predators of pest insects in a cattle barn and surroundings in Saga Prefecture during a period from April to October in 1968. In total, spiders observed were 53 species belonging to 46 genera of 22 families among which seven species were dominant, namely Oecobius annulipes, Theridion tepidariorum, Neoscona nautica, Nephilia clavata, Agelena limbata, Pardosa T-insignata and Oxyopes sertatus. The maximum number of spider species was recorded in June; 47 species. The preys by web-spiders were shown to be mainly the species of Diptera. The total number of preys recorded were 283 Nematoceras, 411 Bracyceras and 306 of other insects. Especially, the preys of spiders were the species of Suborder Tipulidae, Chironomidae and Muscidae (Diptera). The species of the order Nematocera were trapped by the viscid lines of the webspider, Argiopidae, especially the genus Aranea, and the species of the order Brachycera were killed mostly by web-spiders and some by hunting spiders.

著者

大利 昌久

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.175-178, 1977-06-15 (Released:2016-09-05)

被引用文献数

1 1

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A study was made on the predatory responses of spiders to te house fly, Musca domestica vicina, which is an important household pest. In this experiment, 123 spider species belonging to 28 families were used in total. The prey flies were captured by 91 species belonging to 20 families. Among them, 41 species (14 families, 26 genera) were recognized as the useful natural enemies because of their efficiency in capturing flies and abundance in nature. The main families capturing the flies were found to be the following three; Argiopidae, Salticidae and Agelenidae. A series of experiments was conducted to observe the feeding behaviour of the following four species; Heteropoda venatoria, Tegenaria domestica, Plexippus paykulli and Theridion tepidariorum. P. paykulli captured all 20 flies put in a cage for a seven day period. However, H. venatoria captured 15 flies out of 20 for only three day period and showed no feeding behavior after. The mean number of daily capture was 4 or 5 flies for both T. tepidariorum and P. paykulli regardless of the prey density. Whereas, the others showed the increased number of capture according to the increase of prey density. H. venatoria prefered to catch cockroaches rather than flies but P. paykulli captured only flies.

著者

二瓶 直子

出版者

The Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.4, pp.249-256, 2012-12-30 (Released:2013-07-06)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 1

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The main endemic areas of schistosomiasis japonica in Japan were three sites in Yamanashi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture and Fukuoka/Saga Prefectures, and ubiquity of distribution is governed by the intermediate host Oncomelania nosophora. The presenter has to date, undertaken to clarify these factors that govern distribution through the implementation of local surveys and breeding experiments. In Japan, numerous direct and indirect eradication measures were implemented immediately after the discovery of O. nosophora. These measures resulted in the declaration of safety being made in relation to the Kofu Basin in 1996, and in Japan, schistosomiasis was thought to have ended. However, since O. nosophora still inhabit the Kofu Basin, etc. the monitoring of habitation status is important. Consequently, with regards to the Kofu Basin, working with habitation density distribution maps from the end of the 1960s and around 2000, GIS was used to clarify the range of distribution and changes in habitation density. From Japan's satellite images, paddy fields were isolated, and by combining the range of risk areas with various maps, the areas that should be monitored for O. nosophora were isolated. We are currently establishing more effective monitoring systems by implementing local surveys using GPS remote sensing using satellite images.

著者

Hiroyuki Takaoka Hirofumi Hayakawa Zubaidah Ya’cob

出版者

The Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.33-34, 2019-03-25 (Released:2019-04-18)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

4

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Simulium (Simulium) thongsahuani Takaoka & Choochote (Diptera: Simuliidae) originally described from southern Thailand, is newly recorded from Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. This species represents the second member of the Simulium griseifrons species-group known from Peninsular Malaysia and brings the number of black fly species recorded from Peninsular Malaysia to 63. Some female and pupal morphological characters differing from the original description are noted.

著者

高岡 正敏 石井 明 椛沢 靖弘 大内 忠行

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.237-244, 1977-06-15 (Released:2016-09-05)

被引用文献数

11 9

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The house dust mite has been incriminated as a major allergen of house dust in respiratory allergic diseases. Surveys were undertaken to study the mite fauna in house dusts collected from the residence of asthmatic as well as of non-asthmatic children living in and around Tokyo. House dusts were collected by electric sweeper for a week and stored in a deepfreezer until the observation. Mites were isolated from the fine dust caught on a 200 mesh sieve by flotation and centrifugation method with Darling's solution (equal volume of glycerin and saturated sodium chloride solution). Of 24 samples collected in summer, number of mites varied greatly and the average number was 499 in 0.5g of fine dust or 133 per square meter of floor. As to the mite fauna, Pyroglyphidae constituted 85%, Tyroglyphinae 3.1%, Glycyphaginae 1.3%, Cheyletidae 2.8%, Tarsonemidae 0.7%, Mesostigmata 1.3%, and Oribatei 4.4%. Among Pyroglyphid mites, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus constituted 36% and D. farinae 39% but no significant difference was noted statistically as to the dominancy between the two. Of 9 cases, seasonal change of mite fauna was studied. The number of mites decreased in winter but no statistical difference was found among seasons. Neither the changes in dominant species were noted. Eleven control dust samples were collected from houses without asthmatic patients but no significant difference was noted in number of mites or density per square meter from those observed in the residences of asthmatic children. Mite fauna was also similar to that in the asthmatic houses.

著者

佐々木 均 渡辺 護

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.Supplement, pp.37, 1997-04-01 (Released:2016-08-19)

著者

鎮西 康雄

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.1-11, 2000-03-15 (Released:2016-08-09)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 1

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Blood-sucking insects have bio-active substances in the salivary glands. These substances have activities on host blood coagulation system, hemostasis and blood vessel. Recently many of those molecules were isolated and characterized, and some of their genes have been cloned. We extracted and purified multiple hemoproteins from the salivary glands of reduviid bug, Rhodnius prolixus, and the cDNA of these proteins were cloned. We clarified that one of these proteins with a molecular weight of approximately 20,000 (designated as Prolixin-S) is not only an anticoagulant that inhibits an intrinsic coagulation factor (IX/IXa), but also a relaxant of vascular smooth muscle. We found that Prolixin-S binds with the smooth muscle relaxant nitric oxide NO that is synthesized in the salivary glands, and is injected into host during blood sucking, then release NO and relaxes the host blood vessel. That is, Prolixin-S reversibly binds with NO and function as a NO carrier.

著者

武衛 和雄 中島 貞夫

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.97, 1959-07-05 (Released:2016-09-04)

著者

佐々木 均 早川 博文

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.4, pp.383-384, 1986

被引用文献数

2 2

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キボシアブ属の稀有種であるマルヒゲアブ(Hybomitra hirticeps)雌成虫1頭を, 北海道当別町青山にある当別町有牧野において, 炭酸ガス誘引の蚊帳トラップにより, 1985年6月に採集した。これは, 本種の北海道における新記録である。これまでの採集地を総括して, 本種の地理的分布を図示した。

著者

山内 健生 田原 研司 金森 弘樹 川端 寛樹 新井 智 片山 丘 藤田 博己 矢野 泰弘 高田 伸弘 板垣 朝夫

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.4, pp.297-304, 2009

被引用文献数

18

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島根県で唯一の日本紅斑熱汚染地域である弥山山地(島根半島の西端)とその周辺地域において,マダニ相の調査を実施した.旗ずり法では7,497個体が採集され,次の12種に分類された:タカサゴキララマダニ,タイワンカクマダニ,ツノチマダニ,キチマダニ,タカサゴチマダニ,ヤマアラシチマダニ,ヒゲナガチマダニ,フタトゲチマダニ,オオトゲチマダニ,タネガタマダニ,ヤマトマダニ,アカコッコマダニ.弥山山地ではヒゲナガチマダニとフタトゲチマダニがそれぞれ12〜4月と5〜8月に優占し,両種の採集頻度は弥山山地から離れるにつれておおむね低下した.弥山山地は島根県で唯一のニホンジカ生息地であるため,ニホンジカの体からもマダニ類を採集した.その結果,819個体が採集され,次の4種に分類された:フタトゲチマダニ,オオトゲチマダニ,ヤマトマダニ,タヌキマダニ.ニホンジカから4〜6月に採集された全マダニ個体数の87.6%をフタトゲチマダニが占めていたことから,弥山山地のニホンジカはフタトゲチマダニの主要な宿主であると考えられた.

著者

一盛 和世

出版者

The Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.81-85, 1989-06-15 (Released:2016-08-26)

被引用文献数

2 3

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ネズミマラリア原虫(Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis N67)とAnopheles stephensi (BEECH)を用いて, 蚊の体長あるいは吸血量とマラリア原虫オーシスト数との関係を調べた。蚊の翅長とヘモグロビン測定法による吸血量の間には有意な相関がみられた(r=0.579,n=54,p<0.001)。しかし, 翅長とオーシストの数の間には有意な相関はみられなかった(r=0.180,n=74,p>0.05)。さらに, 体重差によって吸血量を測定し, 個々の蚊の吸血量とオーシストの数との関係を調べたが, この相関も有意でなかった(r=0.120,n=10,p>0.05)。

著者

和田 芳武

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.54-60, 1970

被引用文献数

4 4

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コガタアカイエカの成虫は羽化, 交尾, 吸血, 産卵など一連の活動を主として夜間に行ない, その間に挿しはさまれる昼間には適当な場所に休止するという日周行動を営むが, その様相を解明する目的で1967年夏岡山県倉敷市近郊において色々な成虫休息環境を対象に1.5m立方の蚊帳をかぶせて定量的に採集する方法を用いて時間的観察を行なつた.その結果と, 前報の成績や今回の実験室内の羽化時刻, 雄の外生殖器反転の時間的経過, 吸血から産卵までの所要時間の観察結果などをまとめて次のような推定を行なつた.1)水田などの発生源における蛹から成虫への羽化は主として夜間, 深夜をピークとしておこり, 交尾は次の第2夜以後に行われ, 雌は第3夜以後に吸血し, 2日おいて第6夜以後に産卵する.成虫は原則として夜間は交尾, 吸血, 産卵などの活動をし, 一時的な休止を行うにすぎないが, 昼間は適当な休息場所で静止して過ごす.2)発生源の水田の稲叢には, 夜間は主として新たに羽化した雌雄のみが休息し, 雌はそのまま第2夜まで昼間休息するものが多いが, 雄は新たに羽化したものは翌朝までにかなりのものは飛び去り, 昼間休息しているものは成熟したあと再び帰つて来たものが多い.3)吸血源の近くの茂みには, 夜間吸血後の雌が翌朝まで多数休止している.その茂みが適当であればそのまま昼間も休息するが, おそらく通風や光が多すぎると朝には飛び去る.4)雌雄共, 甘蔗やイチゴの畑のように, 背の低い広葉で深い茂みには高密度に昼間休息する.そこには昼間あらゆる生理期の雌雄の成虫が採集され, 夜間にも若干の残留個体が見出される.

著者

安倍 正史 三浦 左千夫 山田 知恵 井上 和雄 仁田原 憲二 岡田 潤 中村 文規

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, 2001

著者

渡辺 護 荒川 良 山口 勝幸

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.275-277, 1990-09-15 (Released:2016-08-26)

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The distribution of larvae of Hirosia iyoensis was surveyed at the forest floor along a small branch of the Oyabe River of Toyama Prefecture. A total of 129H. iyoensis larvae was collected from leaf litter and soil at six different stations within 200m of the blood-sucking sites (a wide space opened at the main course of the Oyabe River) for H. iyoensis. Most of the larvae were collected within an 80m area of the blood-sucking sites. A total of 102 larvae was also collected at four stations with different altitudes (5,25,50 and 75m above the surface of the stream). The number of larvae collected tend to decrease in accordance with the elevation. This survey suggested that the breeding-places of larvae of H. iyoensis were the forest floor near the bloodsucking site of adults.

著者

千種 雄一 大竹 英博 松田 肇

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.345-349, 1998

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

3 5

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フィリピン共和国・東ミンドロ州・カラパン市のホテルの一室にて43歳の健康な男性が飲みかけの缶ビールを飲もうとした時に口唇に異物感を覚え吐き出した。缶ビールの注ぎ口に多数のニクバエ科の1齢幼虫を見い出した。幼虫及び室内を飛んでいたニクバエ科の雌成虫を捕獲して精査した結果, ツノアカニクバエSarcophaga ruficornis (Fabricius)であった。本報はビール等の飲みかけのアルコール飲料によっても消化器ハエ症を起こす可能性のあることを指摘する。

著者

斉藤 一三 佐藤 英毅 湯沢 文男

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.147-150, 1988

被引用文献数

1

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The blackflies fauna was surveyed at 68 stream sites in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, in April-May 1983. A total of 2,794 larvae and 993 pupae belonging to 20 species were collected from 61 sites in Tochigi. The predominant species were Simulium uchidai (21% of the total), S. japonicum (21%) and Prosimulium yezoense (11%). The widely distributed species were S. japonicum (56%), S. uchidai (49%), S. subcostatum (45%) and S. suzukii (30%). Six species (S. iwatense, P. yezoense, S. japonicum, S. subcostatum, S. uchidai and P. kiotoense) were collected from the low land (lower than 500m above the sea level) to the high land (higher than 1,000m).

著者

川田 均 前川 芳秀 高木 正洋

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, 2005

被引用文献数

3

著者

加納 六郎 二田原 正憲 粟谷 壽郎

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.14-20, 1954

被引用文献数

1

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之まで日本に於いて報告されているCulex属, Culiciomyia亜属の蚊は2種あつて, その1つはアカクシヒゲカCulex pallidothorax Theobald, 1905であり, 他はキョウトクシヒゲカCulex kyotoensis Yamaguiti et Lacasse, 1952であり, いずれも暖地性の種で, 九州及び本州西南部に多産し, 東北地方及び北海道からは未だ発見されていない.なお琉球諸島には近似種リュウキュウクシヒゲカCulex ryukyensis Bohart, 1946を産する.著者等及び林滋生氏, 小出春記氏は, 1948年以来, 本州(伊香保, 富士山麓, 三ツ峠, 湯河原, 熱海, 箱根, 日光菖蒲カ浜等)及び九州(鹿児島県, 宮崎県等)に於いて, 成虫, 幼虫共に明かにCuliciomyia亜属の特徴を示し, しかも以上3種のいずれにも該当しない蚊を多数採集している.之を諸外国産の近似種と比較検討したが, 該当するものはなく, 之までに記載のない種と考えられるので, 茲に新種として記載し, 和名をヤマトクシヒゲカとする.なお学名の種小名sasaiは, 第二次大戦中から戦後にかけて, マラリヤ及び蚊の研究面における大なる進歩に著しい貢献をされた東京大学助教授佐々学博士の名を記念したものである.

著者

田中 寛 佐々 学 上野 庸治

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.137-140, 1955-09-30 (Released:2016-09-04)

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八丈島のある地域において人が近づくと岩の突端などに無数のタテツツガムシ幼虫が現われてくるという現象が上野により見出されたが, その機構について一連の実験を行つた結果, 刺戟されない状態においてはこの虫が頂点に近い日陰で集落を作つて待機しており, 人, 鼡, 鳥などの宿主が近づくとこれを空気中の炭酸ガスの増加で感知して興奮し, 頂点にむらがつて寄生の機会を握むということが明らかになつた.本研究によつて, 当初想像された音, 光, 輻射熱, 湿度などの物理的な要因は刺戟とならず, 主として宿主の呼気にふくまれる物質が興奮を起すことが分り, 更に炭酸ガスがその主要因であることが解明された.

著者

洗 幸夫

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.31-36, 1996-03-15 (Released:2016-08-23)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3 5

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The final (8th) instar larvae of smoky brown cockroach (Periplaneta fuliginosa S.) were used to determine the changes in hemolymph volume, blood sugar titer, fat body and content of glycogen in the fat body during the fast with or without water supply. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The cockroaches decreased in body weight during the fast, especially when the water supply was concurrently cut off. The cockroaches died of hunger in 25 to 60 days, and water supply would not help to prolong their life. 2. In the fast which was supplied with water, the hemolymph volume increased, and the percentage of hemolymph volume based on body weight rose to 30%. If the water supply was concurrently cut off, however, the hemolymph volume gradually decreased and the percentage-based body weight declined to below 8%. However, in the early days of the fast, the blood sugar titer was kept in a normal state whether there was any water supply or not. But when the fast had continued over 8 days, the blood sugar titer gradually declined in the treatment which was supplied with water and rose in that with the water supply cut off. 3. Fat body and content of glycogen in the fat body decreased during the fast whether there was any water supply or not. The content of glycogen in normal larvae was about 11-13mg/g, but after 28 days of the fast, it declined to 1mg/g. 4. Development of the cockroaches remained stagnant during the fast. But when supplied with food and water again, even the larvae of cockroach which had fasted for 32 days revived and grew to adult.