著者
中川 威 安元 佐織 樺山 舞 松田 謙一 権藤 恭之 神出 計 池邉 一典
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第85回大会 (ISSN:24337609)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.PR-013, 2021 (Released:2022-03-30)

疲労感は加齢の兆候として知られる。睡眠不足は疲労感を生じさせるが,過眠と疲労感の関連は明らかではない。そこで本研究では,地域在住高齢者を対象に日誌調査を行い,今夜の睡眠と翌日の疲労感の関連を検討した。ベースラインで,年齢,性別,居住形態,精神的健康,身体的健康を尋ねた。7日間にわたり,起床後に,就寝時刻,起床時刻,睡眠の質を,就寝前に,1日に経験した疲労感,ポジティブ感情,ネガティブ感情を尋ねた。分析対象者は1日以上回答した58名(年齢82-86歳;女性37.9 %)である。調査参加者は,朝に平均6.8回(SD=1.0),晩に平均6.9回(SD=0.7)回答した。睡眠時間は平均8.0時間(SD=1.0)で,2.0時間少ない日も2.4時間多い日もあった。マルチレベルモデルを推定した結果,個人間レベルでは,睡眠時間が多い人と少ない人では,疲労感に差は認められなかった。個人内レベルでは,睡眠時間の二乗項と疲労感の関連が統計的に有意であり,睡眠時間が少ない日と多い日では,平均的な日に比べ,疲労感が高い傾向が示された。高齢者では,睡眠不足に加えて過眠もまた疲労感を生じさせることが示唆された。
著者
椎名 乾平
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.3, pp.146-152, 1985-08-30 (Released:2010-07-16)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
2 1

In order to approximate the variety of natural categories, two kinds of stimuli whose attributes vary according to different multivariate normal distributions are generated on CRT screen. Twenty undergraduate and graduate students served as subjects. Subject's task was to discriminate the stimuli. Results revealed that subject's performance can be explained very well by the parameters of the distributions (Exp. 1). Although in previous studies prototypes have been assumed to be the mean value or central tendency of category instances, there is another possibility, especially when two or more concepts are simultaneously learned, that they have attributes which are emphasized. This hypothesis was confirmed in Exp. 2, using 30 undergraduates as subjects. It was argued that we must distinguish at least two kinds of prototypes: the one formed by the most frequent instances and the other the most discriminate in contrast with the other concepts.
著者
福留 広大 森永 康子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.94.21325, (Released:2023-05-15)
参考文献数
20

In Japan, a married couple must use the same surname to comply with the civil code, and the wife takes her husband’s surname in more than 95 % of married couples. We hypothesized that ambivalent sexism, including hostile and benevolent sexism, is related to the preferred surname choice among unmarried men and women. We discovered the following results. First, men showed averseness to changing their surnames, while women showed acceptance. Second, individuals strongly endorsing hostile sexism were more likely to accept changing their surnames than those endorsing it weakly. Third, men strongly supporting benevolent sexism refused to change their surnames. The relationships between ambivalent sexism and surname choice in Japan were discussed.
著者
細川 亜佐子 太田 直斗 北神 慎司
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.94, no.1, pp.76-82, 2023 (Released:2023-04-25)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
1

The present study examines whether the activation of visuospatial perceptual processing affects empathic responses during narrative comprehension. Specifically, using a dual-task method, we investigated the effects of load on a visuospatial memory task and capacity of visuospatial working memory on empathic response rating scores for reading. Consequently, the results revealed that the effects of load on the visuospatial memory task reduced empathic response scores for reading in the higher visuospatial working memory capacity. The results suggest that the activation of visuospatial perceptual processing influence empathic responses during narrative comprehension. Moreover, elaboration through activation of visuospatial perceptual processing plays an important role in empathic responses, particularly for readers having a large capacity of visuospatial working memory.
著者
鈴木 拓朗
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.94, no.1, pp.33-42, 2023 (Released:2023-04-25)
参考文献数
29

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the relationship between the perpetrator and the victim and the gender of both on the estimation of the severity of stalking incidents. The study used a 3 × 2 × 2 × 2 (prior relationship × perpetrator’s gender × victim’s gender × participant’s gender) experimental design with a hypothetical scenario. A total of 1,200 participants read one of the 12 scenarios and answered items concerning the situation described. The results showed that the participants tended to estimate the severity of the incident lower when the perpetrator was an ex-partner rather than a stranger, or when the victim was a man rather than a woman. In the case of female victims, they tended to estimate the severity lower when the perpetrator was female rather than male. To deal with stalking cases as early as possible, primary prevention and training for police officers are needed to reduce these cognitive biases.
著者
横田 賀英子 渡邉 和美 和智 妙子 大塚 祐輔 平間 一樹 島田 貴仁
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.94, no.1, pp.1-11, 2023 (Released:2023-04-25)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
1

The aim of the current study was to examine the psychological responses of victims during sexual assault, focusing on tonic immobility (TI). TI is characterized by immobility in situations involving the threat of death or a threat to one’s physical integrity. In the current study, 143 sexual assault victims consented to participate in the survey and completed the questionnaires. An exploratory categorical factor analysis revealed that the psychological responses of victims during sexual assaults comprised two factors: TI and fear. Results of structural equation modeling indicated that victims’ fear during the sexual assault increased their TI responses. Furthermore, the high variation of violence, which was influenced by prior relationships between victims and offenders, increased fear and TI responses.
著者
真辺 春蔵
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, no.6, pp.364-374, 1967-02-10 (Released:2010-07-16)
参考文献数
50
著者
川人 潤子 岡久 玲子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第85回大会 (ISSN:24337609)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.PD-111, 2021 (Released:2022-03-30)

問題:本研究は,テキストデータから,体型による成人女性の自己認知の違いを比較検討する。方法:282名の成人女性(平均年齢52.97歳)を対象に調査した。調査項目は,年齢,身長,体重,自己認知を測定する特性語分類課題であった。結果:やせ(BMI≤18.5)32名,標準体型(18.5≤BMI<25.0)199名,肥満(25.0≤BMI)51名に分類し,特性語分類課題の記述を比較した。“協力的な”は,やせ43.7 %,標準64.8 %,肥満58.8 %であり,“陽気な”は,やせ43.7 %,標準58.2 %,肥満56.8 %と,標準と肥満で多い。一方で“心配性の”は,やせ50.0 %,標準40.2 %,肥満50.9 %とやせや肥満に多い。また,“社交的な”は,やせ25.0 %,標準37.1 %,肥満50.9 %と肥満に多かった。考察:Blaine & Johnson(2005)と同様,肥満の者は社交的な自己認知が認められたが,やせと肥満で心配性の自己認知が高かった。アジア人には極端なBMI値の者は少ないが,今後ネガティブな自己認知と食行動との関連の精査が必要であろう。
著者
多田 奏恵 長谷川 龍樹 近藤 洋史
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.93, no.3, pp.263-269, 2022 (Released:2022-08-25)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
2 1

The autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) produces tingling sensations induced by sounds and accompanied by positive emotions, whereas in misophonia, everyday sounds provoke maladaptive behaviors and negative emotions. People with autism spectrum disorders sometimes suffer hyperacusis. However, it is unknown whether the three types of auditory-related reactions are interdependent. We investigated ASMR, misophonia symptoms, and autistic traits in a non-clinical population (N = 552; 18-60 years) through self-reporting measures. 58 % of young adults reported that they watched ASMR videos, whereas only 12 % of participants over age 30 did so. The prevalence of misophonia, previously unknown in Japan, was estimated at 54 %. Misophonia Questionnaire (MQ) scores increased with advancing age. Scores were higher for females than for males, although we did not find a gender difference in sensitivity to ASMR. Factor analyses of eight questionnaire subscales (n = 180) demonstrated that ASMR scores are linked with MQ scores, but not with Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) sub-scores. The close link between ASMR and misophonia may be based on auditory processes underlying hyperacusis.