著者

花岡 文雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.8, pp.759-763, 2009-08-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

16

著者

森田 邦正 松枝 隆彦 飯田 隆雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.42-47, 1997-02-28 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

4 5

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The present paper presents the liver distribution and fecal excretion of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) congeners, such as 1, 2, 3, 7, 8-P5CDD, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8-H6CDD, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9-H6CDD and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8-H7CDD, in male rats fed with Chlorella, Spirulina and chlorophyllin. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect on PCDD excretion by the chlorophyllin foods. The rats were given some treatment diets containing 20% Chlorella. 20% Spirulina, 0.2, 2% chlorophyllin, 10% rice-bran fiber or 0.2% chlorophyllin + 10% rice-bran fiber for 5 d. Then, the animals were administered 4 g of each diet containing 0.5 ml of the causal rice-bran oil of Yusho that had occurred in the Southwest part of Japan in 1968 and kept on the same diet for another 5 d. The rice-bran oil contaminated with 1, 2, 3, 7, 8-P5CDD (6.86 ng/ml), 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8-H6CDD (31.4 ng/ml), 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9-H6CDD (22.4 ng/ml) and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8-H7CDD (121.7 ng/ml) was used for the animal experiments. PCDD congeners in the feces and liver were analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The fecal excretion of 1, 2, 3, 7, 8-P5CDD in the groups fed with Chlorella, Spirulina and 2% chlorophyllin were 7.4, 7.1 and 11.0 times higher (p<0.01), respectively, than that in the control group. Moreover, the fecal excretion of 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8-H6CDD, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9-H6CDD and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8-H7CDD in the same groups were 4.4-5.3, 2.7-3.7 and 1.7-2.8 times higher, respectively, than that in the control group. These findings suggest that administration of Chlorella, Spirulina and chlorophyllin is useful as a new approach in the treatment of patients exposed to lipophilic xenobiotics.

著者

牧野 利明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.125, no.4, pp.349-354, 2005-04-01 (Released:2005-04-01)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

9 12

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Gyokuheifusan (GHS, Jade Windscreen Powder in English, Yupingfengsan in Chinese) is an herbal formula in traditional Kampo medicine which consolidates superficial resistance to protect against invasion by external pathogens. This review describes the immunopharmacologic properties of GHS as a holistic Kampo medicine, which can affect human homeostasis and constitution of human beings. Oral treatment with GHS has preventive and curative effects in allergic rhinitis induced by Japanese cedar pollen in guinea pigs. Since these effects do not occur with authentic antiallergic agents, GHS appears to have holistic effects on allergic rhinitis. In another study, the effects of GHS on murine antibody production against ovalbumin (OVA) were evaluated. When mice were sensitized intraperitoneally to OVA, the concentration of OVA-specific immunoglobulins in the sera significantly increased with GHS treatment. When they were sensitized intranasally to OVA, GHS significantly reduced the concentration of OVA-specific antibodies in the sera. It was suggested that GHS stimulats immune responses when the antigen had already invaded the body, and that GHS might consolidate the resistance of nasal mucosa to protect from OVA invasion, and then OVA-specific antibodies in sera might be suppressed. These results suggest that traditional medicines have own characteristics different from those of modern medicines, and that original pharmacologic experiments are important to evaluate traditional medicines scientifically.

著者

中野 貴文 中村 智美 仲村 佳彦 入江 圭一 佐藤 啓介 松尾 宏一 今給黎 修 緒方 憲太郎 三島 健一 神村 英利

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.7, pp.909-916, 2017-07-01 (Released:2017-07-01)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

3 4

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Warfarin (WF) shows a number of interactions with other drugs, which alter its anticoagulant effects. The albumin binding interaction is one such pharmacokinetic mechanism of drug interaction with WF, which induces a rise in the free WF concentration and thus increases the risk of WF toxicity. Teicoplanin (TEIC) is an anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus drug, which also binds strongly to albumin in the plasma. Therefore, co-administration of TEIC may displace WF from the albumin binding site, and possibly result in a toxicity. The present study was performed to investigate the drug-drug interaction between WF and TEIC in comparison with controls treated with vancomycin (VCM), which has the same spectrum of activity as TEIC but a lower albumin binding ratio.The records of 49 patients treated with WF and TEIC or VCM at Fukuoka University Hospital between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. These 49 patients consisted of 18 treated with TEIC in combination with WF, while 31 received VCM in combination with WF. Prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) showed a significant increase of 80.9 (52.0-155.3) % after co-administration of TEIC with WF. In contrast, the rate of PT-INR elevation associated with VCM plus WF was 30.6 (4.5-44.1) %. These observations suggested that TEIC can cause a rise in free WF concentration by albumin binding interaction. Therefore, careful monitoring of PT-INR elevation is necessary in patients receiving WF plus TEIC.

著者

甲斐 久博 古稲 岳彦 馬場 正樹 奥山 徹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.6, pp.349-354, 2004-06-01 (Released:2004-05-28)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

11 13

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Daphne genkwa (Thymelaeaceae) has been used as a folk medicine in China. We investigated the effects of D. genkwa and Jyu-So-To on various pharmacologic models in mice including the azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt focus formation assay, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity assay, and two types of mouse ear swelling model. Administration of 236.3 ppm of Jyu-So-To in drinking water significantly suppressed AOM-induced colonic aberrant crypt focus formation (p < 0.05), with an inhibitory ratio of 46.7%. The effects of several extracts with organic solvents of D. genkwa on murine epidermal ODC activity were examined. In particular, the inhibitory ratio of the n-hexane extract was 30.8%. In the 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema model in mice, the methanol extract resulted in 56.3% inhibition compared with the control. On the other hand, there are two peaks of responses at 1 h (immediate-phase reaction; IPR) and 24 h (late-phase reaction) in biphasic cutaneous reactions, which are enhanced in the dinitrofluorobenzene model (DNFB). The water extract of D. genkwa clearly inhibited the IPR ear swelling. These results suggest that D. genkwa and Jyu-So-To should be a promising source of antitumor, antiinflammatory, and antiallergy agents.

著者

高倉 喜信

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.11, pp.1058_1, 2016 (Released:2016-11-01)

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腫瘍組織の毛細血管は,腫瘍の増殖に伴う血管新生により形成されるため分岐が多く血管壁も不完全であるために,透過性が亢進している.したがって,血中滞留性の高い高分子や微粒子はこれらの腫瘍組織において血管外へと漏出しやすい.さらに,腫瘍組織はリンパ系が未発達あるいは欠如しているため,漏出した物質がリンパ管を介して消失しにくく蓄積しやすい.この現象をEPR効果(enhanced permeability and retention effect)と呼び,抗がん剤のパッシブターゲティングの基本原理となっている.

著者

坂本 多穗

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.11, pp.1084, 2018 (Released:2018-11-01)

参考文献数

2

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閉経時における17βエストラジオール(E2)やプロゲステロンといった女性ホルモンの急激な減少は,更年期障害として多様な身体変化を引き起こす.その中に骨格筋や肝臓,脂肪組織といった糖代謝器官の機能低下が含まれる.骨格筋は全身のインスリン依存性グルコース吸収の大部分を引き受けており,その代謝機能の低下はインスリン感受性低下に直結する.一般的に,E2をはじめとする性ホルモンの効果は,核内受容体やGタンパク質共役型受容体を介した細胞内シグナル経路の活性化によると理解されている.ところが,最近Torresらは,E2がミトコンドリア内膜の物理化学的性質の変化を介して呼吸代謝に影響することを報告したので紹介する.なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.1) Mauvais-Jarvis F. et al., Endocr. Rev., 34, 309-338(2013).2) Torres M. J. et al., Cell Metab., 27, 167-179(2018).

著者

茶木 茂之 飯島 通彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.11, pp.1103-1107, 2009-11-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

11

著者

北岡 志保 古屋敷 智之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.7, pp.702_1, 2017 (Released:2017-07-01)

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げっ歯類を用いたうつ病モデルの1つである.このモデルでは,解析対象のマウスに最低2週間,毎日異なる軽度のストレスを負荷する.ストレスは予測できない順で動物に負荷することがこのモデルの特徴で,快感覚の消失,新奇環境における摂食までの時間の延長といった行動変化が誘導される.これらの行動変化は抗うつ薬の反復投与により改善される.

著者

吉岡 義正 小瀬 洋喜 佐藤 孝彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.308-311, 1986-08-31 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

7

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The LC50 test method by use of Tubifex was developed for the evaluation of eco-toxicity of chemicals. The change of the observation period, the size of Tubifex or the test temperature affected little the LC50 value of 3, 5-dichlorophenol. Acute toxicity of 20 chemicals was tested at 20°C for 48 h by use of Tubifex of 30-50 mm in length. The test results were compared with the other three biological test methods ; EC50 of activated sludge respiration inhibition test, LC50 of Oryzias latipes (Himedaka ; red killifish) acute toxicity test and EC50 of Tetrahymena pyriformis proliferation inhibition test. A good correspondence was found in each two test method compared, and the regression analysis showed that the sensitivity of the Tubifex test lied between those of activated sludge and O. latipes tests.

著者

柴田 重信

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.45-49, 1998-01-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

8

著者

本田 義輝 中野 尚美 中野 眞汎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.5, pp.414-417, 1985-05-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

著者

平山 晃久 山口 昌史 中田 哲誌 奥村 美和 山崎 智美 渡辺 徹志 福井 昭三

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.303-306, 1989-08-31 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

6 7

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0.1% NH2OH (2.5 ml), 5 N HCl (2.5 ml) and 1% m-aminophenol solution (1 ml) were added to unsaturated fatty acid methyl enters (10 mg), and the mixture was heated in a boiling water bath at 100°C for 20 min. The reaction mixtures were measured for their fluorescence intensity at Ex. 356 nm and Em. 505 nm, and the amounts of acrolein formed were determined from its calibration curve. Methyl linolenate oxidized for 20 h at 80°C, 2258.2μg/g of acrolein were formed, whereas 208.1μg/g of malondialdehyde were determined by the thiobarbituric acid method. Thus the determination of acrolein in oxidized lipid may have some fundamental significance for the evaluation of lipid oxidation. It was of interest that acrolein is formed not only from glycerin and triglyceride but also from unsaturated fatty acids by their autoxidation.

著者

豊田 優

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.8, pp.814, 2018 (Released:2018-08-01)

参考文献数

5

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食を通じた健康改善志向が高まりをみせる今日,メディアを通じて「ケトジェニックダイエット(ケトン食)」という言葉を耳にしたことがある方も多いのではないだろうか.一般にケトン食とは,摂取エネルギー(カロリー)の大半を脂肪でまかなう食事法のことで,高脂肪・低タンパク質・低炭水化物を特徴とする.糖質制限に伴い体内の主要なエネルギー源である糖質が枯渇すると,その代替源を得るべく脂肪が分解(代謝)されケトン体の合成が促進(Keto- genic)される.すなわち,β-酸化で生じたアセチルCoAをもとに肝臓で生合成されたケトン体(アセト酢酸やβ-ヒドロキシ酪酸)が血液中に放出され,脳を含む肝臓以外の臓器で新たなエネルギー源として使われるようになる.現代社会で脂肪はとかく悪者扱いされがちだが,ケトン食には,減量・抗肥満のための食生活支援ツールとしてのみならず,糖尿病に代表される幾つかのヒト疾患における食事療法としての効果が期待されており,その潜在的な健康増進作用が近年注目を集めている.今回,動物実験を通じて,ケトン食の継続的な摂取が寿命と脳機能や運動機能の維持に効果があることが示されたので紹介したい.なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.1) Augustin K. et al., Lancet Neurol., 17, 84-93(2018).2) Roberts M. N. et al., Cell Metab., 26, 539-546(2017).3) Johnson S. C. et al., Nature, 493, 338-345(2013).4) Newman J. C., Verdin E., Annu. Rev. Nutr., 37, 51-76(2017).5) Dehghan M. et al., Lancet, 390, 2050-2062(2017).

著者

小林 匡子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.12, pp.1134, 2021 (Released:2021-12-01)

参考文献数

3

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腸管粘膜には食物などに対する免疫応答を抑制する機構(免疫寛容)が存在し,この機構に異常が生じると炎症性腸疾患や食物アレルギーなどが引き起こされる.末梢での免疫寛容に重要な役割を担うのが,Foxp3によって免疫寛容能を獲得した制御性T細胞(regulatory T cells: Treg)であり,Foxp3の変異により食物アレルギーを発症したマウスにTregを移植するとアレルギー反応が抑制されることが知られている.最近,中国において潰瘍性大腸炎の補助療法薬として認知されている白頭翁湯が,腸管粘膜に存在するTregを増加させて免疫寛容を促し,炎症性腸疾患を改善することが報告されたので紹介したい.なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.1) Miao Z. et al., Front. Pharmacol., 11, 531117(2021).2) Yamamoto T. et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 516, 626-631(2019).3) Nagamatsu T. et al., Am. J. Reprod. Immunol., 80, e13021(2018).

著者

水野 忠快 根本 駿平 森田 勝久 楠原 洋之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.143, no.2, pp.127-132, 2023-02-01 (Released:2023-02-01)

参考文献数

8

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The effects of drugs and other low-molecular-weight compounds are complex and may be unintended by the developer. These compounds and drugs should be avoided if these unintended effects are harmful; however, unintended effects are not always as harmful as suggested by drug repositioning. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of complex drug actions is essential. Omics data can be regarded as the nonarbitrary transformation of biological information about a sample into comprehensive numerical information comprising multivariate data with a large number of variables. However, the changes are often based on a small number of elements in different dimensions (i.e., latent variables). The omics data of compound-treated samples comprehensively capture the complex effects of compounds, including their unrecognized aspects. Therefore, finding latent variables in these data is expected to contribute to the understanding of multiple effects. In particular, it can be interpreted as decomposing multiple effects into a smaller number of easily understandable effects. Although latent variable models of omics data have been used to understand the mechanisms of diseases, no approach has considered the multiple effects of compounds and their decomposition. Therefore, we propose to decompose and understand the multiple effects of low-molecular-weight compounds without arbitrariness and have been developing analytical methods and verifying their usefulness. In particular, we focused on classical factor analysis among latent variable models and have been examining the biological validity of the estimates obtained under linear assumptions.

著者

岡田 淳

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.12, pp.903-906, 1974-12-15 (Released:2018-08-26)

著者

小出 裕之 浅井 知浩 畑中 剣太朗 清水 広介 横山 昌幸 石田 竜弘 際田 弘志 奥 直人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.12, pp.1445-1451, 2009-12-01 (Released:2009-12-01)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

10 12

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Liposomes modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) can stably exist in the bloodstream because the PEG on the liposomes attracts a water shell to the liposomal surface. Since these liposomes are long circulating nanocarriers, they are used as drug and gene delivery tools. Repeat injection of PEGylated liposomes, however, is known to induce the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon. In the ABC phenomenon, PEGylated liposomes that are injected subsequent to the first injection are cleared rapidly from the bloodstream and accumulate in the liver, resulting in loss of their long-circulating characteristics. The induction of ABC phenomenon is related to the production of anti-PEG IgM from splenic B cells. To elucidate the mechanism of the phenomenon, we firstly examined the relationship between the induction of ABC phenomenon and the concentration of PEGylated liposomes, and observed that the high dose of those did not induce the phenomenon. Next, we investigated whether polymeric micelles trigger ABC phenomenon or not. Finally, the size-dependency of ABC phenomenon was investigated by use of variously sized PEGylated liposomes and polymeric micelles having PEG chains. Our data suggest that the initiation of ABC phenomenon would be size-dependent, and particles smaller than 30 nm did not induce ABC phenomenon. We anticipate that the elucidation of the ABC phenomenon will be helpful for the development of DDS formulations.

著者

石井 英俊 横田 訓男 坂東 由紀 尾鳥 勝也

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.142, no.10, pp.1125-1127, 2022-10-01 (Released:2022-10-01)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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A 55-year-old man with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a pacemaker was admitted with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Before admission, the patient's medications included amiodarone, diltiazem, bisoprolol, atorvastatin, etizolam, and warfarin (WF). After admission, dexamethasone (DXM) and remdesivir (RDV) were initiated for treating COVID-19. The international normalized ratio (INR) on admission was 1.8, which increased to 3.4 on day 5 and to 6.9 on day 10 after admission. Although there have been reports that RDV may occasionally prolong prothrombin time and that the degree of prolongation is often less severe, the mechanism of action has not been elucidated till date. There are reports of prolonged INR when WF is co-administered with RDV and DXM, suggesting that drug interactions may be a potential cause for the prolongation. A similar drug interaction may have potentially occurred in the case reported here. In addition, this case used amiodarone (AMD), and it has been reported that the RDV concentration increases when used in combination with AMD. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the cause of INR prolongation. Thus, close monitoring of the patient is recommended when RDV is co-administered with high-risk agents to avoid unnecessary side effects.

著者

沢野 俊彦 田中 [トル] 井上 哲男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.3, pp.202-206, 1965-09-30 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

2

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Recently, public bath houses which are provided with the circulating purifier are increasing in the Yokohama City. In this report, effects of the circulating purifier on the chemical pollution of bath water were investigated. Fifteen public bath houses in the city were selected, and the water was examined. The following results were obtained. The attached purifiers showed a remarkable effect on the turbidity and color of bath water. About the consumption of permanganate and the quantity of urea, the degree of pollution increased with the number of bathers, but the effect of the purifier was considerable.