著者

玉木 啓文 佐藤 宏樹 堀 里子 澤田 康文

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.10, pp.1305-1312, 2018-10-01 (Released:2018-10-01)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 1

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Similar-appearing press-through package (PTP) sheets (also known as blister packs) that contain different medicines may result in incorrect medication due to confusion errors. To evaluate the significance of this problem and to identify the factors that may lead to such errors, we conducted a questionnaire survey for pharmacists. Three hundred and eighty-two pairs of PTP sheets with similar appearance were included in the questionnaire. Factors related to color (sheet color at the front of the sheet 90.9%, color of tablet/capsule 57.1%, print color at the front of the sheet 45.9%) were most frequently selected as influencing the perceived similarity of the reported pairs, followed by tablet/capsule shape (46.2%), sheet size (32.4%), and mark and character positioning on sheets (6.8%). In the pairs of similar PTP sheets, pairs manufactured by the same pharmaceutical company accounted for 15%. The frequency of confusion errors or near-errors due to similar appearance of PTP sheets was highest at the time of collecting PTP sheets from the medicine shelf and returning the sheets to the medicine shelf, followed by the time of inspection of prepared medicines and medication instructions. The questionnaire results also indicate that patients themselves can confuse similar PTP sheets and take the wrong medicine. Further quantitative studies are needed to clarify the key factors that cause confusion errors due to similar appearance and to identify potential remedial measures.

著者

澤村 良二 櫻井 映子 山本 美枝子 立川 真理子 長谷川 明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.5, pp.267-273, 1982-10-30 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2 3

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In the reaction of hypochlorite with amino acids, chloramine is formed at the first stage, and then decarboxylation and oxidation occur. Thus, either corresponding aldehyde and ammonia or corresponding nitrile is formed from amino acids. In the present studies, the products in the reaction mixture of glycine with hypochlorite at neutral condition are determined quantitatively. When the molar ratio of hypochlorite to glycine was less than 1, the residual chlorine and glycine were stable in the reaction mixture ; thus no ammonia and no aldehyde were formed. At the molar ratio ranging from 1 to 3, cyanide and cyanogen chloride were produced. Maximum formation of cyanide was observed at the ratio of about 2, but its yield was only 20% of glycine. When hypochlorite reacted on glycine at the molar ratio of 3, cyanogen chloride was produced in a quantitative yield. Cyanogen chloride was degraded by subsequent addition of excess hypochlorite. From these results, it is concluded that the nitrile formation is a main reaction of glycine with hypochlorite.

著者

飯塚 幸澄 桜井 栄一 田中 頼久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.5, pp.365-369, 2001-05-01 (Released:2002-09-27)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

8 10

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The antidiabetic effect of hot water extracts from Folium Mori was investigated in GK rat; one of the animal models of non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus types. Folium Mori extracts (150 mg/kg) significantly reduced the blood glucose of GK rat from 203.8±29.8 to 138.5±21.2 mg/dl at 14 days after oral administration. However, in normal rats, blood glucose and insulin levels were not changed by treatment with Folium Mori. The Folium Mori also decreased blood glucose and improved glucose tolerance at 14 days after repeated administration in GK rats. The Folium Mori treatment significantly increased glucose metabolism in the glucose clamp test for GK rats. These results suggest that Folium Mori has quite unique properties such as raising insulin sensitivity and improving insulin resistance.

著者

陳 福君 中島 登 木村 郁子 木村 正康

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.115, no.6, pp.476-482, 1995-06-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

70 93

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Averaged blood glucose levels were 400 mg/dl in nonfasted mice, and 250 mg/dl in fasted mice in 4 weeks after injection with streptozotocin (STZ, 150 mg/kg, i.v.). These mice were used for experiments. Hypoglycemic effects of hot water extracts (W) from Folium Mori (Mulberry leaves, Morus alba L., China and Japan) or Cortex Mori Radicis (Morus alba L., China) were observed in fasted and nonfasted STZ-induced diabetic mice at a single dose of 200 mg/kg (i.p.). The W from Folium Mori exhibited most potent hypoglycemic effects. The most potent fractions of Folium Mori and Cortex Mori Radicis were ethanol-insoluble extracts (A2). These A2 fractions demonstrated a fall in blood glucose levels of 24.6±6.0% and 60.5±9.1% at nonfasted STZ-mice, and 81.4±7.9% and 77.3±5.8% at fasted STZ-mice, respectively. The increase in glucose uptake was a mechanism of hypoglycemic actions by W and A2 of Folium Mori.

著者

八木 秀樹 益子 高

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.9, pp.939-945, 2013-09-01 (Released:2013-09-01)

参考文献数

17

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Antibodies have greatly contributed to the development of medical science and pharmacology, because of their high specificity. The cell fusion method has developed monoclonal antibodies (mAb) technology, such that massive amounts of mAb with a uniform structure can be produced. Although mAb have been produced against many proteins so far, the production of mAb against multi-pass transmembrane proteins, such as G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and various transporter proteins has been extremely difficult. The complicated structures, poorly extracellular regions, and high hydrophobicity of multiple-transmembrane proteins make it difficult to produce mAb against them. Production of mAb that recognize the extracellular region of living cells is thought to be important in determining the ability of a protein. Based on these findings, we tried to produce mAb against a multi-pass transmembrane transporter using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused full-length target proteins as immunogens. Furthermore, the immunizing method has proved to be important in generating functional mAb. We succeeded in producing functional mAb that react against the extracellular region of a 12-pass transmembrane transporter in a living cell. Based on this success, we began to produce mAb against seven-transmembrane GPCR. In this symposium, we report on the results of producing mAb against S1P receptors, a type of GPCR.

著者

小栗 一太 吉村 英敏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.6, pp.413-426, 1986-12-31 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

105

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Recent progress of forensic toxicology of morphine and heroin, and of the boundary area was reviewed. Topics included in this review were 1) opioid peptides, 2) opioid receptors, 3) endogenous morphine, 4) metabolism of morphine : glucuronidation, sulfate conjugation, N-demethylation and dehydrogenation, 5) pharmacological activity of morphine conjugates, 6) metabolism of heroin, 7) analytical methods of morphine and heroin for forensic toxicological purpose.

著者

岩井 譲

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.11, 1992

著者

大村 智 中川 彰

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.12, pp.1226-1232, 1984

著者

大村 智

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.9, pp.729-757, 1986

被引用文献数

2

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After structure elucidation of 16-membered macrolide antibiotic leucomycin, the structures of spiramycin, tylosin, megalomicin, irumamycin and virustomycin were determined by chemical degradation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The studies on the chemical modification and structure activity correlation of macrolides led to the elaboration of clinically useful new derivatives.<BR>The biosynthetic origin of the carbon skeletone of macrolide aglycone was investigated by means of <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR and the feeding experiments of <SUP>13</SUP>C labeled precursors. We found that an antifungal antibiotic cerulenin is a specific inhibitor of fatty acid and &ldquo;polyketide&rdquo; biosyntheses, and applied the antibiotic to the biosynthetic studies of macrolides after formation of the lactone ring and to the production of a new &ldquo;hybrid&rdquo; macrolide, chimeramycin. Furthermore, a strain which produces a new &ldquo;hybrid&rdquo; antibiotic mederrhodin was breaded from actinorhodin and medermycin producers by gene manipulation.<BR>Sixty five or more new antibiotics have been discovered from secondary microbial metabolites using newly devised screening systems. Azureomycins and izupeptins were found as bacterial cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors. In combination with the above screening, several new antibiotics, nanaomycins, frenolicin B, cervinomycins, asukamycin and so on were discovered as antimycoplasmal substances. Diazaquinomycins as antifolate substance, hitachimycin and avermectin as anthelmintics, herbimycin, phosalacine and oxetin as herbicids have been found by the corresponding each screening system. The structure elucidation, biosynthesis and mode of action of these antibiotics have been studied. Among of them, nanaomycin A and avermectin (or ivermectin) have been employed as antifungal and antiparasitic therapeutics, respectively, for veterinary use.

著者

小泉 信一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

MEDCHEM NEWS (ISSN:24328618)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.2-6, 2012-05-01 (Released:2020-09-01)

著者

下林 貢 下林 悦子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.12, pp.1132-1134, 2016 (Released:2016-12-01)

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研究留学と聞くと「アメリカ」と思う人が多いと思う。しかし、国と人口のサイズを考えると、スイスもアメリカに負けず劣らずの研究大国である。 この記事では私たちの経験を通してスイスで研究することの素晴らしさや注意点を伝えたい。内容: a)スイスの研究室でのポスドク、学生の選考方法 b)スイス 研究設備、給与、休みなどに関して c)スイスでの日常生活 d)家族でスイスに留学する際の留意点

著者

輿石 徹 奥山 清

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.12, pp.1675-1679, 2016-12-01 (Released:2016-12-01)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1 1

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A 70-year-old woman, residing in a nursing home, was admitted to our hospital because of cerebral hemorrhage. She had excessive sweating, a temperature above 37°C, and intermittent muscle spasm such as myoclonus, since the time of admission. We suspected that these symptoms were related to side effects caused by the milnacipran she was taking for depression, prior to hospitalization. After we discontinued milnacipran, the patient began exhibiting withdrawal symptoms such as excitement and insomnia. When we substituted milnacipran with mianserin, the withdrawal symptoms diminished and the excessive sweating and involuntary movement disappeared. Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) have been widely utilized in the clinic to treat depression; serious side effects such as serotonin syndrome and withdrawal syndrome associated with their discontinuation, have been reported. However, it is unlikely that serotonin syndrome and withdrawal syndrome due to a precedent use of milnacipran would have been reported. This case was suspected to be related to serotonin syndrome and withdrawal syndrome from the course of treatment. This case provides valuable information for addressing new similar cases caused by milnacipran.

著者

石井 剛志 菅 敏幸

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.12, pp.1143-1148, 2010-12-01 (Released:2018-08-23)

著者

吉澤 一巳

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.530-534, 2018 (Released:2018-06-01)

参考文献数

25

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モルヒネに代表される医療用麻薬は,緩和医療をはじめとする疼痛治療の主役を担う薬であり,現在ではモルヒネ,フェンタニル,オキシコドンに加えてメサドン,タペンタドール,ヒドロモルフォンなど選択可能な医療用麻薬が増加している.しかし,「麻薬を使うくらいなら痛みを我慢する」と考えるがん患者は少なくない.重要なことは,医療用麻薬の適正使用であり,医療用麻薬に関する誤解や偏見を払拭するような取り組みを推進しつつ,同時にその取り組みが行き過ぎにならないよう,乱用防止の啓発活動も必須であることを強く認識しなければならない.

著者

宇井 理生

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, 2005

著者

ファルマシア委員会

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.7-8, 2015 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

15

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ジャガイモに含まれるステロイド型アルカロイド配糖体の生合成の制御,再生医療等製品の臨床応用を支える技術開発研究,光遺伝学の手法で脳の記憶を書き換える!,新しいタイプの遺伝子組換えジャガイモは日本で受け入れられるのか?,悪性黒色腫治療薬ニボルマブの登場,83%が30年以上前に開発済の環構造?

著者

越野 健 松田 保

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.42-45, 1985

著者

宗 可奈子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.140, no.1, pp.1-6, 2020-01-01 (Released:2020-01-01)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3

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Dysesthesia is an unpleasant abnormal sensation, often accompanied by pain, paresthesia (abnormal sensation), and numbness (decrease or loss of sensation). Dysesthesia has been associated with various conditions, although its underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. This study assessed the roles of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in dysesthesia by utilizing three animal models of dysesthesia characterized by reductions in blood flow to the skin: a transient hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion model, characterized by spontaneous licking and tactile hypoesthesia of the ischemic hindpaw; a streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy model in mice, characterized by cold hypersensitivity, which is likely parallel to the reduced skin blood flow of the hindpaw; and a hindlimb ischemia model. TRPA1 inhibition or deficiency blocked spontaneous licking in the transient hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion model and cold hypersensitivity in the diabetic mouse model mice. Consistent with these results, the nocifensive behaviors induced by intraplantar injection of a TRPA1 agonist were enhanced in the diabetic neuropathy and hindlimb ischemia models. Hypoxia enhanced H2O2-induced TRPA1 responses in human TRPA1-expressing cells and cultured mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons, with this hypoxia-induced TRPA1 sensitization to H2O2 being associated with hypoxia-induced inhibition of the hydroxylation of prolyl hydroxylases. These results suggest that dysesthesia following blood flow reduction is caused by the activation of TRPA1 sensitized by hypoxia and that hypoxia-induced TRPA1 sensitization plays a pivotal role in painful dysesthesia induced by peripheral blood flow reduction.

著者

奥田 拓道

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.10, pp.947-949, 1981

著者

河村 好章 長谷川 義明 佐藤 拓一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.10, pp.929-933, 2010-10-01 (Released:2018-08-23)

参考文献数

24