著者

佐藤 嘉明

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.587, pp.199-206, 2005-01-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

14

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Karo Obi, this name has been well known as the architect who got the first prize in the design competition of the Kanagawa Prefectural Government Hall held in 1926. So far, the Kanagawa Prefectural Government Hall has been regarded as the first Imperial Crown Style (TEIKAN-YOSHIKI) building. Owing to his father's advice, he modified the tower of this building from Buddhism five-storied pagoda. This thesis shows the summary of Obi's whole life with background situation to create this eclecticism design and the relation between Imperial Crown Style public buildings and great architect Toshikata Sano.

著者

立松 宏一 廣田 誠一 高倉 政寛 月館 司 鈴木 大隆 羽山 広文

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.707, pp.67-77, 2015-01-30 (Released:2015-03-30)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 3

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The thermal performance and equipment type specified for a newly built house were investigated as benchmarks to enable the selection of appropriate insulation and equipment specifications. The prevalence of electric heater installations for space heating and hot water supply decreased in 2012, compared to 2011. However, it is estimated that the primary energy consumption is high in particularly cold areas of Hokkaido, because this type of equipment remains common in these areas. Because there is an initiative to contractors when the equipment type is determined, it is important to provide appropriate information to these contractors.

著者

佐々島 暁 十亀 昭人

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.701, pp.1561-1566, 2014-07-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

参考文献数

28

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The hatch of the International Space Station (ISS) has been designed based on the “NASA STANDARD”. This hatch has been designed for the transportation of equipment, and wasn't for the use of man. In case of using of civilian who aren't trained, the hatch of the ISS isn't secure enough to ensure their safety. We observed the emergency evacuation behavior of crowds flocking to the hatch, under microgravity conditions. This underwater experiment simulates microgravity conditions. This study also verified the validity of the appropriate positions of handrails used to evacuate. The underwater experiments where the 3 handrails were positioned in the direction of the exit, allowed for the shortest evacuation times. It was proven that the specific alignment of the handrails decreased the speed of the crowd, which allowed for all participants to exit in an orderly manner. We can conclude that an efficient and controlled evacuation of a crowd is a result of the handrails and their strategic positioning.

著者

磯野 綾 土久 菜穂 山本 明

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.719, pp.93-100, 2016 (Released:2016-01-30)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

3 3

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This paper shows that mountain worship contributed to city formation in medieval Hiraizumi, using some indices of buildings and roads extension axis. As a result, the concentration of buildings and roads axis to two mountains -Kannonyama and Rambaisan- was found, where important shrine designated by the Imperial Court formation exist. The fact suggests a possibility that mountain worship of Japan ancient times also contributed to construction of main facilities and city-formation in medieval Hiraizumi, as well as the belief of Ohshu Fujiwara Family to Buddhism.

著者

望月 悦子 木村 洋

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.647, pp.35-41, 2010-01-30 (Released:2010-04-02)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 3 1

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The purpose of this study is to identify the visual effects of the difference of spectral power distribution of luminaires in office space. Subjective experiment was conducted in two experimental chambers with different kind of ceiling luminaires - LEDs and fluorescent lamps. Visual fatigue of the subjects was evaluated by three methods, ART (Accommodation Response Time) and CFF (Critical Fusion of Flicker) as objective test and questionnaires for evaluation of subjective symptoms of fatigue as subjective test. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the variation rate in ART and that in CFF caused by VDT works within one hour under LEDs and those under fluorescent lamps. Also the subjective evaluation on fatigue was not significantly different among different kinds of the light source.

著者

布野 修司 山田 協太 山本 直彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.592, pp.185-191, 2005-06-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

30

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Authors have been conducting the field research under the title 'Origin, Transformation, Alteration and Conservation of Urban Space of Colonial cities' since 1999. The cities where we carried out field studies are Cape Town (South Africa), Cochin (India), Galle (Sri Lanka), Malacca (Malaysia), Jakarata, Surabaya (Indonesia), Elmina (Ghana), Recife (Brazil), Paramaribo (Suriname), Willemstad (Dutch Antilles) etc.. We had grasped almost all the factories, forts and cities constructed by VOC and WIC, collecting old maps, documents and literatures from ARA (Algemeen Rijksarchief), KB (Koninklijke Bibliotheek) in Den Haag and KITLV (Koninklijk Institut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde) in Leiden. Batavia was the capital of VOC which was called 'Queen of Asia'. The plan of Batavia is thought to follow the plans of cities in mother country as Amsterdam, Delft and so on. Among many architects and engineers who were active in 16^<th> century, Simon Stevin attracts us as a theorist of urban planning. This paper discusses the relationship between the spatial form of Batavia and S. Stevin's 'Ideal City'.

著者

山崎 幹泰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.535, pp.239-245, 2000

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

1 2

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The Restration of Todai-ji Daibutsu-den in the Meiji Era began in 1891 and was completed in 1913. The design of restoration changed many times, but the last they designed "Katetsutyu", it put steels into wooden pillars and fasten steel truss. This paper introduces these designs, and analyzes the last plan based on 1) the plan of wooden truss designed by Suketaro Kagotani and others, and 2) the hoop-iron construction it was also known as Tsumakishiki-koho. It is the transitional technique in the first stage of introducing steel structures to Japan.

著者

安岡 義文

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.736, pp.1581-1589, 2017

被引用文献数

4

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&nbsp;The architectural treatise &ldquo;De Architectura&rdquo;, written around 20 BC by the roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, is the most recognized and analyzed architectural treatise in the history of mankind. Particularly in the Renaissance period, the Italian artists have shown great interest in Vitruvian treatise, upon which they have based their own architectural treatise. Through the Renaissance recognition of Vitruvian architectural theory, the European classical architecture acquired the tradition of proportional design called the &ldquo;module system&rdquo; as it is apparent in Le Corbusier's concept of &ldquo;modulor&rdquo;.<br>&nbsp;On the other hand, the true image of Vitruvius and the historical context of his treatise are yet to be thoroughly understood. Reading &ldquo;De Architetura&rdquo;, it becomes obvious that Vitruvius often introduced Greek terms, when he describes technical matters in detail. However, when he draws examples from other regions such as Egypt, Persia or Cyrene, he uses Latin terms and the topic remains to be superficial, omitting details (Tab. 1-2). From this fact, it is obvious that his references for writing his treatise were limited to Latin and Greek sources.<br>&nbsp;Looking outside of the Greco-Roman culture, we see that Vitruvius' architectural theory is hardly his original thought. For instance, the analogy between a temple and a human body is already existent in Ancient Egypt. In the so-called &ldquo;Book of Temple&rdquo;, there is a specification that certain column styles are to be differentiated between the male and the female deities. The archaeological evidences confirm the validity of this statement. Other archaeological evidences show that the gender was not the only aspect applied to the columns. Some columns had a funerary aspect, others acted as emblems of the land, etc. In the case of Ancient Egypt, one style gained multiple meanings as time went by, so that, at the end, the columns formed several groups to express different aspects in variety of situations.<br>&nbsp;In contrast, Vitruvius limited and applied the concept of gender to only three orders, despite the fact that he admits the existence of other styles. The fact that these three orders originated from different regions and eras, seems to indicate that this group of symbolism cannot be earlier than the mid-5^th Century BC, and also that the varieties of symbolic meanings also existed for the classical orders. In this sense, Vitruvius consciously chose and concentrated on the gender of the columns among other possible symbolisms of the columns.<br>&nbsp;The module system described by Vitruvius may also have an Ancient Egyptian origin. In Egypt, there are some tantalizing evidences that show the use of module for elevation drawings of naos-shrines (Fig. 1-2). It shows that the width of the post is given one unit and other larger parts are given the multiples of the unit, and the smaller parts mostly the unit fractions. As for the Vitruvian system, the Doric system correlates with the Egyptian, whereas the Ionian system, the major dimensions of the building, which is defined by the primary module (= column diameter) as in the Doric system, becomes the secondary modules for the smaller parts that surrounding them. As a result, the Ionic system allows the architect to adjust a selected group of dimensions without disturbing the overall appearance.<br>&nbsp;Although the cases considered in this paper comprises only a modest part of the treatise, it shows that Vitruvius unconsciously adopted the architectural philosophy of other culture, particularly the ancient Egyptian. In order to escape from the illusion that Vitruvius created and to understand the true context of the Vitruvian treatise, it is essential to reassess the Vitruvian architectural theory from the view of his contemporary and preceding architectural cultures.

著者

田路 貴浩

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.695, pp.243-252, 2014-01-30 (Released:2014-07-10)

参考文献数

4

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Paul Valéry's literary work ‘Eupalinos’ includes various topics and considerations about making architecture. This paper aims to understand it as a theory of ‘poiesis’. For this purpose, the text is divided into units of meaning and they are rearranged according to the process of making architecture which consists of three terms - before, during, after. This trial, however, reveals that the linear arrangement dose not success enough. For that reason, three domains - real, intellectual, virtual - are introduced to define a three-dimension framework in which it is made clear how ‘spirit’ works for ‘contemplation’ and ‘making’ with ‘body’ and ‘world’.

著者

アカミネ ロジェリオ 舟橋 國男 鈴木 毅 木多 道宏 李 斌

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.566, pp.71-79, 2003

被引用文献数

6

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1. 序 1990年代以降、世界各地の大都市における都市再開発プロジェクトが勢いを増してきた。この過程における重要な特徴の一つは、密集市街地の居住者に、高密に由来する社会的な諸問題やストレスを軽減し得るオープンスペース(以下OS)を確保することである。 地方自治体は、民間セクターを計画に惹きつける手段として「インセンティヴゾーニング」を採ってきた。Kaydenはニューヨークにおける「私有公的空間privately owned public spaces (pops)」事例を法的側面・空間的配置から分析した。Whyteはプラザの利用実態研究に基づいてプラザのデザインに関する法の改良に寄与した。日本の大阪アメニティパーク(OAP)は都市再開発プロジェクトに含まれる私有公的空間の一事例である。 日本の都市におけるpopsの着想は建築基準法に基づく総合設計制度による公開空地に見られ、1980年代以来多くの研究者がその研究に従事した。それらの成果は主に、利用状況・心理的側面・物理的側面・維持管理的条件・手法の適用方法、の5テーマにまとめられる。2.目的と方法 本研究では、一つの空間事例に絞ったり適用された手法の詳細に限定せず、いくつかのOSが併存する一定の地区におけるOSとしてのOAPのpopsを様々な視点から分析する。空間的配置状況に基づく各場所利用の特徴を明らかにすると共に、公的利用に対するOAP-OSの役割を評価する。特定の場所に即しながら、有意義な評価が今後の計画のデザインコンセプトに参照され得るものと期待される。調査は、OAPを校区に含む公立小学校と隣接校区の小学校児童の保護者を対象とする。良く行くOS・行為内容・同伴者・時刻・頻度・滞在時間等、オープンスペース利用に関する質問紙調査を行うと共に(回収率約70%)、面接調査に応じた者に対するインタビューを行い(質問紙回答者の約10%)、さらに詳細な利用状況を把握した。3.回答者属性(図1) 質問紙調査回答者は各家庭1名としたので、30才乃至40才代女性、主婦もしくは有業者が多く、男性は全体の17%であった。 4.OAPとその近隣におけるOS 調査対象2校区にある15箇所の各OSについて、インタビューによって得られた特徴づけは、雰囲気・魅力・利用・問題点・改善への示唆、という5つの側面に整理された(表2,図3)。雰囲気は場所のイメージに関連し、魅力は利用に対する固有の誘因、利用は各場所に於ける人々の行為である。各場所に対する不満は問題点と示唆として、また全般的な問題点も記述された(表3)。主として、公園に住むホームレスの人々に関するもの、周辺との関連の欠如、管理、施設利用の葛藤などである。5.OAP開設後の変化(表4)インタビューによると、OAPは近隣を活性化し、人口増加をもたらし、その結果として交通量・商業業務の増加という3点で周辺を変化させた。 6. OSと利用の特徴 質問紙調査結果から、OSの利用者数順位が得られた(図、4)。OAPのOSは第1位である。回答者の半数以上が、24ヵ所のOSを利用している(図5)。質問紙調査で得られた各種の結果(利用行為・同伴者・時刻・頻度・滞在時間)は表5に示されている。 扇町・滝川・東天満公園は子どもとの遊びに最も好まれている。他の共通の活動は川沿い公園における散歩である。OSの利用は通常昼間帯である。多くの回答者は週2回乃至月1回利用し、滞在時間は扇町公園と大阪城公園で最も長く天満宮境内では最も短い。OAP-OSと他の場所との利用順位比較は明確な結果を示すが、他の変数を同時に観察すると明確な関係は少なくなる。 7. OSへの距離 OAP利用者と非利用者別に、住居からOAPへの距離ならびに住居から最もよく利用するOSへの距離がそれぞれ測定された。それらの関連が図6に示されている。OAP非利用者の大多数がOAPから500M以上の範囲に住んでいる。 8. 0APのOS空間的配置とまとまりとに基づいてOAPのOSが更に細分化された(表6,図7)。それぞれが、雰囲気・魅力・利用・問題点・改善への示唆の観点から特微づけられ他のOSと比較された(表6,図7-1)。 桜広場と河畔までの延伸部分が最も好まれる場所であり、北端のプレイグランドが最も嫌われている。歩行者の流れは、好まれる場所の連結を示し(図8)、桜広場はOAP-OSの核であると言われ、OAPタワー周囲のOSはOAPのOSであると良く認識されている(図9)。 9. 結論 OAPのOSは、不潔物・ホームレスの人々に関する問題等は無い一方利用が制限され、静かな活動のみが適している。少なくともより多くの施設設備、例えば座れる場所、がここには確保されるべきである。OAPのOSは都市構成体との妥当な統合を与えているが、アクセシビリティの改善が、例えば源八橋下の息詰まるような通路の如く、近隣のOSへのアクセシビリティに対して悪影響を与えている場合も生じている。近隣におけるOSの利用に関するあらゆる要求を把握し、それらが私有公的空間プロジェクトにおいて満足されるように、検討条件として設定されるべきである。それにより、公的利用に対するより効果的な施設であり得るであろう。

著者

最知 正芳

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.44, pp.399-404, 2014-02-20 (Released:2014-02-20)

参考文献数

16

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A practical survey was performed right after big earthquake “2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake” that hit eastern area in Tohoku-district at 11 March 2011. The extent of damage to the masonry garden walls was numerically evaluated. Heavily affected area deduced by those values could be correlated with a place where the ground is not firm. Through the survey, some findings for studying how to cope with the situation in existing those walls were obtained. Several common situations are detailed and many defects due to construction error were disclosed.

著者

酒谷 粋将 岡本 賢吾 門内 輝行

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.685, pp.527-536, 2013-03-30 (Released:2013-06-03)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

4 1

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This study aims to develop the roles of metaphors in architectural designs. We chose 210 architectural works of art containing metaphors in “SHlNKENCHIKU" magazines, then construct the database for metaphors based on structure mapping theory. We analyze the types and the metaphorical structures of these architectural designs and try to describe how these metaphors work. The results are as follows; 1) Various metaphors are generated from the experience of natural and artificial objects. 2) There are three levels of metaphors; “attributive”, “relative” and “semantic” metaphors. 3) We can describe the mechanism of creative architectural design process based on the metaphors.

著者

村田 敬一 初田 亨

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.538, pp.243-249, 2000-12-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2 2

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This research studies the wooden 3-storied hot spring inn architecture in Gunma Pref. As a result, the following became with obvious. 1. The description of the most ancient times that is related to 3-storied is 1818 years in Kusatsu hot spring. 2. 3-storied was occupying 50% of hot spring inn architecture in Minakami in Showa early period. 3. There was not the law that 3-storied prohibits in the Kusatsu hot spring in the Edo period. 3-storied was able to build even if it becomes around 1960. 4. 3-storied is built the 39 ridges in 1999 year present Gunma Pref. 5. Beside the era falls the 3-storied appearance becomes the designs that were taken up and the independence of the guest room rises.

著者

河内 建 森永 良丙 中嶋 美一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.53, pp.235-240, 2017 (Released:2017-02-20)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

5

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This study aims to clarify reality of projects, effectiveness of base places, and problems through study of three projects for dual-habitation without own a home. Findings are as follows; 1) A host of place running dual-habitation business by meeting a particular need. 2) Base place have the effect of reducing the economic burden, cutting down on a burden of maintenance, and showing the variety of dual-habitation styles. 3) A host of place acts as a mediator and creates a weakly link between guests and local residents. 4) It is effective to incorporate regular usage business with temporary usage business.

著者

鈴木 美央 アルマザン ホルヘ

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.722, pp.869-878, 2016

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This paper constitutes the second part of an on-going research on street markets in Greater London. While the first part is literature-based and focuses on the management and effects of markets, this paper comprises an extensive fieldwork of the spatial configuration of all active street markets run by local councils in Inner London. The survey has been conducted at the scales of the stall, the street, and the overall market. At the street scale we classify the configuration of markets into 10 types according to three criteria: number of traffic lanes, the application or not of road closure to traffic, and the number of the stall rows. Finally we discuss several noteworthy aspects in relation with the street markets in Japan, such as the flexibility of the setting, the narrowness of the market passages, the pedestrianization or the role of markets as a reinforcement of existing retail areas.

著者

永井 聡子 清水 裕之

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.487, pp.79-86, 1996

参考文献数

17

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This study is an attempt to clarify the relation between stage and auditorium in Adolphe Appia's theory of "LA MISE EN SCENE". Appia aimed at an unity between them. His idea cleared through Bayreuth festspielhaus and developped into the new step by experiencing Dalcroze method, eurhythmies in 1906. From the architectual point of view, there are two point about the unity; 1) proscenium arch 2) the side wall of the auditoium At the bottom, there are his concideration of the living body; actor and audience. New space appeared by the connection among body,lighting and space baced on the rhythm.

著者

西野 辰哉 岡河 貢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.682, pp.2729-2738, 2012-12-30 (Released:2013-05-29)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this paper is to clarify changes within an area along Old Sanyo Street in Saijo, in terms of the usage of the closed shop-houses and the sites and buildings established for Japanese brewing companies. Literature documentation, a measuring survey, and interviews were conducted. The findings are as follows. The area flourished as a place for rest and relaxation in the Edo era. However, now it is inactive because the number of shops has decreased and some sites were converted into parking lots in the late 20th century. Activity along the street has fallen considerably, because the closed shop-houses have been used only for storage or have become vacant, while the living areas are located at the back. The Japanese brewing companies were established in the early 20th century, yet moved to enlarged sites nearby and out of the area. They converted surplus spaces along the street for public use. After that, a touring network of public spaces inside the companies'sites along the street was established. These changes shifted the active area of Old Sanyo Street from the street itself to the insides of the companies'sites.

著者

李 明 石丸 紀興

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.703, pp.2077-2084, 2014-09-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

被引用文献数

3

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In this paper, as well as clarification about the relation between architect Benji TOYODA a global presence prewar Kure, Hiroshima Prefecture and former Hiroshima Joint Savings Bank head office building, which aims to consider the various building activity and career of Benji TOYODA to. 1. I will elucidate career of TOYODA. 2. To clarify about the relation between the former Hiroshima Joint Savings Bank head office building and TOYODA. 3. By considering, including the comparison with the architectural works of a series of TOYODA design and features of the former Hiroshima Joint Savings Bank head office building, we discuss architectural design of his activities.

著者

一志 哲夫 渡邊 朗子 小幡 亜希子 碓井 晋平

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.720, pp.293-301, 2016 (Released:2016-02-28)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3

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This paper aims to clarify what kinds of design elements in environments stimulate mental activity. This study examined the effects on the brain activity when wearable optical topography was worn in different color environments. The subjects' mental activity in the prefrontal cortex was measured during working memory tasks in four colored booths: red, yellow, blue, and white. By performing physiological and psychological analyses, this study obtained the following results. 1. The yellow booth can activate mental activity the most. 2. Fatigue increases due to the stimulation of brain activity. 3. "Stimulating" environmental factors can be assumed to affect elements in mental activity, especially information processing.

著者

石井 良次 八木澤 壯一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.618, pp.33-40, 2007

参考文献数

3

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This study aims to clarify the transformation of crematoria and cremators. Below are the findings. 1) The Cremation Society of Great Britain was founded in 1874 and it promoted the cremation movement. consequently, the cremation became common. The cremation rate has remained stagnant at the 70% level since the 1990's. Religious and ethnic cultures may cause this phenomenon. 2) While the basic structure of the cremation institution has not changed, the Chapel of Remembrance was added and the design of crematorium changed. Also, the Book of Remembrance was introduced. 3) The basic structure of cremators has not changed, but the improvement was found in regard to economy, combustion efficiency, and environmental preservation.