著者

大平 英樹

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.4-15, 2020-03-31 (Released:2020-11-11)

参考文献数

61

---

Psychological constructivism of affect argues that experienced emotions are constructed through two processes: 1) formation of the core affect on the basis of interoception which is neural representation of bodily signals, 2) categorization of the core affect by using concepts and contextual information. In this article, it is proposed that cultural and historical situations can affect experiences of emotions via revision of concepts and processes of co-construction of affect between individuals. For this purpose, a hierarchical Bayesian computational model of affect is introduced, and the processes of co-construction of affect are examined through computational simulation. Furthermore, importance of culture and history is discussed in the perspective of co-construction of affect.

著者

木村 昌紀 山本 恭子

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.51-60, 2017-02-28 (Released:2017-04-06)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

---

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exchanging emoticons through mobile text messages on interpersonal emotions. We examined whether reciprocal use of emoticons influence interpersonal emotions, by using the scenario method. The scenarios used were either usual mail exchanges, such as waiting for a friend (Study 1), apologizing, and being accepted by a friend (Study 2), or being rejected by a friend (Study 3). Results of Studies 1 and 2 indicated that positive emotions decreased and negative emotions increased when an emoticon was not used in response to a sent message with an emoticon, which could be caused by the violation of the reciprocity norm. In Study 3, the reciprocity norm had no effect and while positive emotions increased, negative emotions decreased as a result of emoticons in messages that were received. These results suggest that reciprocal use of emoticons is important in cooperative mail exchanges, such as usual communications, and when being accepted, but not important in non-cooperative situations, such as being rejected.

著者

中 響子 米満 文哉 山田 祐樹

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.Supplement, pp.ps56, 2017 (Released:2017-11-28)

著者

河野 和明

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.Si, pp.54-64, 2019-02-28 (Released:2019-03-11)

参考文献数

44

---

This study aimed to clarify target groups of dislike feeling of Japanese people and analyze elements of the feeling. Web survey was conducted among 1,000 Japanese adults, whose ages ranged from 20 to 69 years old. The results showed that approximately two thirds of the survey participants could report target group(s) of dislike feeling, and Japanese new religions, three neighboring countries and the Islamic State were mainly reported as target groups. Sex and age differences were small in categories of reported target groups, and male’s hostile commitments for the groups were relatively higher than female’s. Sensitivities for threat in environment related to negative attitude for the target groups and the relationships were higher in males than in females. These results were consistent with general results of previous studies.

著者

藤原 裕弥 岩永 誠

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.1-12, 1999-09-30 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

28

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Attentional bias to threatening information has been considered to be one of the cognitive features of anxiety mood. Although Bower's associative network theory (1981, 1991) has been used to explain attentional bias, Bower's theory is insufficient to explain the maintenance of anxiety mood. The present study aimed to investigate whether activation of a network was maintained by emotional words acquired through attentional bias. Thirty-four undergraduates who served as participants were induced into a positive mood (Positive Condition) or a negative mood (Negative Condition) through music induction and the Velten induction method. Results of a dot-probe task revealed that reaction time to probes following negative words was faster than to probes following neutral words in the Negative Condition, while reaction time to probes following positive words was not significantly different from reaction time to that of neutral words in the Positive Condition. Further, attentional bias was observed only in the negative condition. Subjective mood judgement results revealed that only negative mood was maintained in the Negative Condition. These results suggest that selective attention to threatening information can maintain a negative mood.

著者

金井 雅仁 湯川 進太郎

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.71-81, 2017-02-28 (Released:2017-04-06)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This study examined the relationships between cultural self-construal (independence/interdependence) and the clarity of emotional awareness, and if the relationships were mediated by interoceptive accuracy. Participants included 100 graduates and undergraduates. After completing scales that assessed cultural self-construal and private self-consciousness, participants performed a heartbeat tracking task, which assessed their interoceptive accuracy. They then viewed negative pictures and evaluated their emotional states. We found that, in males, independence was positively linked to the clarity of emotional awareness, and interdependence was negatively linked to it. Furthermore, when controlling private self-consciousness and heart rate during the heartbeat tracking task, only the relationship between a high sense of interdependence and unclear emotional awareness was mediated by inaccurate interoception. On the other hand, independence and interdependence were not linked to the clarity of emotional awareness in females. These results suggested the possibility that males who had a high sense of interdependence were not clearly aware of their own emotional states because of their insensitivity to internal bodily states.

著者

上田 真由子 和田 一成 臼井 伸之介

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.103-109, 2015-03-01 (Released:2015-07-07)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

---

We investigated the effects of a special breathing technique, the “Breathing Retraining technique,” on performance in emergency situations. Participants were divided into three groups: breathing method group, visual task group, and the control group. Participants in the breathing method group performed the breathing retraining technique; those in the visual task group performed a simple visual task, whereas the control group performed any task, before the main task. The main task was the water-pipe game, in which participants clicked a computer mouse in various situations to complete the game using the minimum number of clicks. Results indicated that the breathing method group accomplished the most difficult main tasks faster and more efficiently than the other groups in simulated emergency situations. These results suggest that people can work comparatively fast and efficiently, even in emergency situations, by practicing the breathing retraining technique in advance. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the visual task group and the control group. This result indicates that it is not important that putting merely interval, but practicing the right breathing method improves behavior in emergencies.

著者

向井 智哉 松木 祐馬

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.95-103, 2020-05-30 (Released:2020-06-05)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

2

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This study aimed to explore how emotional reactions toward criminals and victims affect punitiveness, with special attention to fear, anger, and empathy. Past research on punitiveness has long emphasized the role of emotion in determining individual levels of punitiveness. However, these studies have at least two limitations: 1) varying definitions of punitiveness among studies, and 2) limited scope of research—mainly limited to Western countries. We addressed these limitations by using a validified scale measuring punitiveness in the Japanese context. Questionnaires were distributed to 330 individuals. The results showed that fear of crime, anger toward criminals, and empathy toward criminals and victims were all correlated with two sub-constructs of punitiveness (support for harsher punishment and criminalization). However, once other variables were controlled, only anger toward criminals and fear of crime showed a significant relation with punitiveness, suggesting that these two emotion-related variables play an important role in determining punitiveness. The implications of the study are discussed.

著者

坂井 信之

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.112-119, 2009-11-25 (Released:2010-05-08)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

---

In our everyday lives, we are exposed to many stressors that induce mental stress, and consequently people may suffer mental illness, such as depression, bipolar mood disorders, and so on. Although there are many empirical studies showing that smelling an aroma or eating/drinking something is useful for easing mental stress, those studies did not use standardized methods for evaluating stress and/ or for easing stress. Preceding studies also used simple and boring tasks, such as the Kraepelin test requiring mental subtraction of a number sequence. In this study, a convenient task using SUDOKU puzzles for evoking mental stresses was introduced. Then, effective methods for easing stresses were investigated. This study revealed that the aromas of coffee and orange had a suppressive effect on stress, but the aromas of grapefruit and hinoki did not suppress mental stress. Also drinking canned coffee, bottled water, cola drink, or eating chocolate did not have a suppressive effect on mental stress. This study suggests that using coffee or orange aroma as an ambient odor suppresses mental stress.

著者

榊原 良太

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.40-49, 2014-09-01 (Released:2014-12-12)

参考文献数

57

被引用文献数

3 3

---

This paper reviews the research trend of reappraisal and the issues it confronts, with emphasis on the subtypes of the strategy. First, the paper reviews the concept of reappraisal within Gross's process-model. Then, it presents the emotion regulation effects of reappraisal and its influences on psychological well-being. After that, the paper addresses the controversial points of the past research that treated reappraisal as a single strategy. In doing so, the need of the perspective from the subtypes of reappraisal is discussed, and some studies focusing on the subtypes of reappraisal will be reviewed. Finally, the paper concludes with some problems in the preceding studies of reappraisal and discussions on desirable direction for future research.

著者

遠藤 寛子

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.3-8, 2015-10-01 (Released:2017-04-24)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1

---

In this article, results of studies on the process of maintaining anger are described, and experimental research examining the effectiveness of the structured writing method for reducing anger is reviewed. Our research has indicated that the key factor in the process of maintaining anger is “the sense of unintegration of thoughts.” Anger is prolonged by this sense, because it mediates avoidance behaviors and recurrent thinking. Our research has also indicated that to reduce anger, it is crucial to integrate and organize thoughts about anger-evoking events by eliciting “perspective taking,” and the “need for self-change.” Moreover, it has been demonstrated that “the structured writing method,” developed on the basis of research into the process of maintaining anger, was more effective for reducing anger than traditional expressive writing methods. Participants tend to change how they talk about an event with others and decrease the number of negative words after engaging in structured writing. These findings suggest that taking various perspectives, including other’s feeling, and possible self-improvements into consideration in the structured writing method facilitates reappraising the relationship between the self and others, which in turn inhibits intrapersonal, interpersonal, and intergenerational processes of maintaining anger.

著者

加藤 樹里 村田 光二

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.82-91, 2017

被引用文献数

3

---

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of finitude salience and the meditational effect of uncovering the social values on the emotional responses of being moved. We tested the hypothesis that the narrative depiction of separation as finitude salience would result in readers uncovering the social values of the story, and increase their emotional responses of being moved. Participants read a novel whose theme was friendship with or without the depiction of separation. Then, all the participants rated the extent to which they were moved by the novel. As hypothesized, our results indicated that participants who read the novel that depicted separation were more strongly moved. In addition, mediational data demonstrated that the effect of the depiction of separation on being moved could be explained by the participants' uncovering of the social values of the story.

著者

藤井 勉

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.32-37, 2015-09-30 (Released:2015-10-08)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

2 1

---

The present study examines whether the Name Letter Effect(NLE), one's preference for his/her initials, is observed in Korean people. One hundred and eighty-eight female university students in Korea participated in this study. Using the Name Letter Task (NLT), the NLE was observed in the Korean sample. It suggests that NLT is available in Korea to measure implicit self-esteem. For future directions, the possibility of intervention to improve implicit self-esteem was discussed.

著者

松本 昇 望月 聡

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.11-18, 2013-10-25 (Released:2014-02-21)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1 3

---

This study assessed the instructions for the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) for an analog study. AMT is a representative task that measures autobiographical memory specificity. Many studies have suggested reduced autobiographical memory specificity in clinical depression patients with traditional instructions for AMT (Williams & Broadbent, 1986), which request that a patient precisely recall a particular event and place, but by this instruction, fewer studies have reported the reduced specificity for non-clinical dysphoria. Therefore, this study specified that a “specific episode is better, but in case of difficulty in recall, an ambiguous memory is permissible” (optional instructions) to assess overgeneral memory retrieval in a non-clinical sample. The results indicated that the dysphoric group displayed more reduced autobiographical memory specificity than the control group. Furthermore, rumination significantly negatively correlated with specific memory, but when depression partial out, the correlation was not significant. These findings suggest the effectiveness of optional instructions for AMT in detecting an overgeneral retrieval style, which is due to depressive mood rather than trait rumination, in a non-clinical sample.

著者

平野 美沙 湯川 進太郎

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.Supplement, pp.19-19, 2013 (Released:2013-04-10)

著者

Tippayarat Pothisitthiporn 米谷 淳 林 萍萍

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.Supplement, pp.18-18, 2014 (Released:2014-12-05)

参考文献数

3

著者

木野 和代

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.43-55, 2004-01-31 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2 1

---

The first purpose of this study was to investigate Japanese adults' evaluations of appropriateness and effectiveness of anger expression strategies. The second purpose was to investigate the effects of their evaluations and interpersonal goals (i. e., relationship and communication) on the likelihood of using each anger expression strategy. Two hundred and nineteen undergraduates were asked to read a vignette in which a person displayed anger using various anger expression strategies toward either a superior, an equal, or a subordinate whose behavior evoked the anger. The participants were then asked to evaluate each anger expression strategy for its appropriateness and effectiveness. They were also asked to identify themselves as the angry person in the vignette and to rate the intensity of their own anger, the importance of interpersonal goals, and the likelihood of using each anger expression strategy. Findings suggested that pointing out the target person's faults calmly was reported to be a competent anger expression strategy especially when superiors expressed their anger. Regression analyses revealed that the cognitive evaluation of appropriateness of each expression strategy influenced the likelihood of using the strategy.

著者

城戸 淳

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.Si, pp.13-21, 2021-03-22 (Released:2021-03-25)

参考文献数

23

---

In his Critique of the Power of Judgment, Immanuel Kant argued that only the idea of “common sense” can justify the demand that one’s aesthetic judgment of taste be universally valid for all. This essay presents the interpretation of this Kantian common sense as the emotional or sentimental foundation of human sociability or community. The common sense, as an external sense of community, has its transcendental grounding in the harmony of human cognitive faculties (imagination and understanding) that each person feels internally. Then the common sense which has that grounding would contribute to the three moments of human life in a community: the aesthetic autonomy of each person, the plurality and communicability of our judgments, and the idea of universal consensus in the whole community.

著者

薊 理津子

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.Supplement, pp.ps44, 2018 (Released:2019-06-08)

著者

小川 時洋 飯田 沙依亜

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.83-88, 2015-01-01 (Released:2015-04-11)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

1

---

The prescriptive definition of “emotion” has still kept absent even though the number of research into emotion increases steadily. To think whether the established definition of emotion was needed or not, we discussed possible problems caused by the lack of definition of emotion. First discussion focused problems about definition of emotion that emphasizes specific components of emotion. Then, complicated relationship between emotion and cognition was reviewed. This review showed the problems caused by inconsistent conceptualization and blurred boundary, and tried to illustrate ambiguity of the term emotion. Conceptual ambiguity might lead to vacuity of theoretical debate and research. In addition, we focused on the context-dependency of the emotion, and suggested that the context-dependent usage could impede conceptual development for proper description of behavior. Finally, we concluded that the lack of definition of emotion should limit the progress of the research in this domain at least potentially. To establish the prescriptive definition of emotion in the near future, paying more attention to the context information where the emotion exists, the cautious use of the term emotion was suggested.