著者

大平 英樹 木村 健太 白井 真理子 藤原 健

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.38-51, 2017-10-01 (Released:2018-01-10)

著者

戸田山 和久

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.91-104, 2021-03-10 (Released:2021-03-12)

著者

岩佐 和典

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.Si, pp.47-53, 2019-02-28 (Released:2019-03-11)

参考文献数

40

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The behavioral immune system (BIS) regulates one’s cognition, emotion, behavior for avoiding diseases. History shows that disgust as the key component of the behavioral immune system has played a crucial role in the spread of extreme out-group exclusion. This article aimed to examine how the BIS influences negative attitude towards the specific group. A broad range of literature review suggested that the fundamental principles of the BIS, smoke-detector principle and functional flexibility principle, are essential for understanding this issue. Previous studies showed individual differences in disgust sensitivity and perceived vulnerability to disease affect the negative attitude towards the specific group based on the BIS. Presence of disease cues also facilitates the formation of such attitude. In addition, the literature review revealed information provides the disease context can easily alter an individual’s attitudes towards the specific group in a negative direction. Furthermore, based on these findings, the direction of future research is discussed.

著者

髙橋 亜希

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.68-77, 2016-01-30 (Released:2016-04-12)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

15 21

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The present study developed a Japanese version of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS) which was first devised by Aron and Aron (1997). The basis of the scale was to measure individual differences in sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS). In Study 1, the author identified 27 items of Japanese version (HSPS-J) after repeated bilateral translations and data collected from 324 college students exhibiting sufficient reliability of the scale. In Study 2, 369 undergraduates answered HSPS-J and other questionnaires to measure personality dimensions. 19 items remained after excluding the items with low factor loading scores. Factor analysis demonstrated 19 items of HSPS-J (HSPS-J19) having a three-factored structure of Low Sensory Threshold, Ease of Excitation, and Aesthetic Sensitivity. Adequate internal consistency was demonstrated by Cronbach's alpha, and its validity was also shown in terms of the relationship with personality dimensions of Neuroticism and Introversion.

著者

村山 達也

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.Si, pp.22-30, 2021-03-22 (Released:2021-03-25)

参考文献数

27

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Although being loved by someone we love is generally acknowledged as having special value, what that value is and from whence it derives remain unclear. As described herein, the author suggests two constituents of the special value of mutual love: the very nature of love, i.e., becoming happy by the happiness of one’s beloved; and a mutual recognition between lovers of this becoming happy by the happiness of one another.After posing the question of the value of mutual love, the love–emotion relation is examined and defined in terms of relevant emotions. From this definition, the author examines a Union View of Love, inferring that this view clarifies neither the specificity nor origin of the value of mutual love. Finally, the author proposes the Echo View, explaining mutual love’s value by the nature of love and by lovers’ mutual recognition of their happiness, with some additional remarks about relevant issues.

著者

中西 大輔 御堂岡 春奈

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2-3, pp.48-57, 2022-12-15 (Released:2023-02-08)

参考文献数

15

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This paper presents the results of replications of Asch’s (1946) experiments 1 and 3. According to Asch, people’s formation of their impressions of others is greatly influenced by their central trait with warmth considered to be the important factor. The results of this experiment have been quoted in many social psychology textbooks: that the overall impression of a person is determined by the description of the person as “warm” (or “cold”) regardless of other peripheral traits. In fact, however, it seems that “warm” and “cold” are not the only traits that influence people’s impression formation. In the present study, we replicated Asch’s experiments 1 and 3 (experiment 1, N=71) and extracted the trait that seemed to influence interpersonal impressions through a preliminary survey (N=69) in experiment 2. We examined whether these traits had a strong influence on forming interpersonal impressions as well as “warm” and “cold” (experiment 3, N=73). The results showed that “warm” and “cold”; “polite” and “blunt,” which were considered peripheral characteristics in Asch; and “expressive” and “expressionless,” which were newly examined, all had a significant effect on impressions.

著者

澤田 匡人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.36-48, 2008 (Released:2008-12-17)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

9 7

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The present study examined the effect of envy and personality traits on the elicitation of Schadenfreude — pleasure at another's misfortune. The participants were 201 Japanese undergraduates. They responded to scenarios in which the target person was similar to them in terms of gender, and was made to appear either superior or average. The epilogue of scenarios informed participants that the target person had suffered a misfortune. Factor analysis of data indicated dual factors for the 13 items on the scale — Schadenfreude and sympathy. Analysis of variance revealed that the rating for Schadenfreude was higher for men than women, and that score was higer in the scenario in which the target person was superior than average. In addition, path analysis indicated that participants who had low self-seteem tended to feel envy, and this envy also mediated subsequent Schadenfreude. On the other hand, reported guilt of women predicted positively to sympathy, and that score predicted negatively to Schadenfreude.This finding suggested that guilt was the key variable that made gender differences of Schadenfreude and sympathy.

著者

木村 年晶 鈴木 直人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.43-50, 2020-03-31 (Released:2020-03-31)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1

---

In this study, we aimed to create a list of stimulus words suitable for evoking emotions that are placed evenly in the emotional space. College students (n=38) were invited into the laboratory and presented with two-character (Kanji) idioms, which were controlled for the number of characters and moras. We asked the students to evaluate the emotional valence and arousal level on an affect grid for each of the two-character idioms. We succeeded in creating a list of emotional words that minimize the interdependent influences of emotional valence and arousal factor as much as possible. A total of 271 two-character idioms were constituted using an evaluation that focused on the evoked emotions, and not on the attributions of the words’ meanings. Therefore, the inventory has adequate validity as a list of emotional words to be used for experiments.

著者

古川 善也 安部 主晃 中島 健一郎

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.1-9, 2019-10-31 (Released:2020-02-06)

参考文献数

40

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In this study, we investigated whether the moral self-licensing effect, a phenomenon where the past experience of moral behavior allows for immorality, alleviates guilt and prosocial behavior accompanying immoral behavior. As a moral licensing manipulation, we used an autobiographical recalling task that asked participants to recall their experiences where they engaged in prosocial behavior toward their friends in the past (e.g., Cornelissen, Bashshur, Rode, & Le Menestrel, 2013; Jordan, Mullen, & Murnighan, 2011). Subsequently, we manipulated the participants’ feelings of guilt using the scenario method. The results showed a significant interaction between moral licensing and guilt manipulation. More specifically, in the guilt-induced condition, participants who recalled their prosocial experiences felt less guilt toward present immoral behavior than those who did not. Further, for prosocial behavior, we conducted a moderated mediation analysis using guilt scores as a mediator and guilt manipulation as a moderator. The results showed that, only in the guilt-induced condition, moral licensing reduced prosocial behavior through the guilt scores. These indicate that last behavior as well as behavioral history what they had done before influences guilt and guilt-induced behaviors.

著者

大平 英樹

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.2-12, 2017-10-01 (Released:2018-01-10)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3

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Lisa Feldman-Barrett, who has promoted a psychological constructivism theory of affect, recently proposed the Embodied Predictive Interoception Coding (EPIC) model of affect, on the basis of the perspective of predictive coding. The theoretical framework of predictive coding argues that the brain creates inner models which can provide predictions for perception and motor movement, and that perception and behaviors are emerged from Bayesian computations rooted on the predictions. The EPIC model expands this perspective into interoception, which is perception of inner body states, and tries to explain phenomena of affect as integrative experiences based on interoception. This article introduces concepts of the EPIC model and examines the model by referencing to empirical findings.

著者

杉浦 義典

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.167-177, 2008 (Released:2008-12-17)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

19 7 6

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Potential benefits of the construct of mindfulness for the research in two interactive fields (emotion regulation and psychological treatment) are discussed. Mindfulness has a two-fold meaning. A mindful state represents “paying attention in a particular way: on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally” (Kabat-Zinn, 1994, p.4). In contrast, mindfulness meditation denotes specific intervention to actively control one's attention. Three directions for future investigation were suggested by these characteristics of mindfulness. (1) Detached coping as a common working ingredient of diverse psychological interventions, together with its attentional underpinning. (2) Potential benefit of focusing on one's body. (3) The importance of commitment to one's values in psychological well-being. Mindfulness intervention differs from existing psychotherapies in several respects. For example, it does not deliberately focus on distressing thoughts and does not mandate a standard interview format. In addition, it is easy to operationalize (to measure and to manualize). These unique features are expected to work as catalysts for generating new ideas in future investigations.

著者

吉田 ゆう美

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.Supplement, pp.ps12, 2017 (Released:2017-04-03)

参考文献数

3

著者

一言 英文 新谷 優 松見 淳子

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.3-24, 2008 (Released:2008-12-17)

参考文献数

107

被引用文献数

12 8

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We tested the cross-cultural applicability of Greenberg's (1980) “Indebtedness model” in Japan and United States. We hypothesized that while the major antecedent of indebtedness is the recipient's benefit for American students, those of Japanese students is the donor's cost perceived by the recipient. University students from U.S.A. (n=151, male=47, female=104) and Japan (n=88, male=25, female=63) reported their recent experience of being aided by their families, friends, and strangers. They also rated on 75 items of questions concerning the intensities of indebtedness and other emotions they felt on receipt of aid, impression of the donor, and the amount of benefit and perceived donor's cost. Supporting our hypothesis, recipient's benefit was the major antecedent of indebtedness for American students and perceived donor's cost was the major antecedent for Japanese students. We also found positive correlation between the intensities of positive and negative emotions evoked by receiving aid, and a small amount of negative impression of the donor from one's own family only in the Japanese sample.

著者

北村 英哉 佐藤 重隆

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.148-156, 2009-11-25 (Released:2010-05-08)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

4 1

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This article examines the role of pictograms in text-messaging. Past research has shown that using emoticons in casual e-mail messages facilitates friendly impressions, while using emoticons in more formal and polite messages hinders sincere impressions of the sender. To examine how pictograms in text-messaging affects impressions of the sender, one-hundred and five female students were presented with different text-messages varying in pictogram use and message formality, and were subsequently asked to rate the impressions of each sender on multiple dimensions. The results showed a significant main effect of pictogram use as well as an interaction effect of pictograms and message formality. Use of pictograms generally facilitated favorable and friendly impressions towards the sender. However, whereas lack of pictograms leads to less sincere impressions for casual messages, pictograms did not affect sincerity for formal messages. The important role of pictograms in conveying emotional information in text-messaging is discussed.

著者

福田 哲也 蔵永 瞳

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.57-66, 2021-05-30 (Released:2021-06-25)

参考文献数

15

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This study examined the types of situations that evoke contempt. Further, to identify situations that characterize contempt, (a) based on participant responses to each situation, contempt, disgust, and anger were compared; and (b) the intensity of contempt was compared between situations. In the preliminary study, information on situations wherein participants felt contempt was collected and categorized based on content similarity. In the main study, the intensity of feelings of contempt, disgust, and anger regarding situational items developed in the preliminary study were rated. Cluster analysis based on the scores of the three emotions showed that the situational items could be classified into clusters of: “disrespectful behavior,” “shortsighted behavior,” and “lacking common sense.” A repeated two-way analysis of variance (regarding situation clusters and types of emotion) revealed that the intensity of contempt was stronger (a) than that of disgust and anger in cases of “shortsighted behavior” and “lacking common sense” and (b) in cases of “shortsighted behavior” than in cases of “lacking common sense.” Therefore, we conclude that “shortsighted behavior” characterizes contempt.

著者

稲嶺 麻希子 遠藤 光男

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.134-142, 2009-11-25 (Released:2010-05-08)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 4

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While facial expressions of basic emotions are universal, such expressions are also influenced by display rules that control expressive behaviors across various situations. The present study examined the effects of context and gender on facial expressions of emotions. A total of 289 college students in Okinawa prefecture (143 men and 146 women) participated in this study and answered a questionnaire on the facial expressions of emotions in four conditions of social contexts. These situations were as follows: being alone, interacting with a close friend and feeling emotions toward the friend, interacting with a close friend and feeling emotions toward an event or someone other than the friend, and public situations. The results indicated that basic emotions could be classified into three categories based on patterns of expression across four situations: happiness and surprise, anger, fear, and disgust, and finally, sadness. It was also found that women generally expressed emotions more than men did, while women expressed less anger and disgust toward their close friends than men did. These results are further discussed from the viewpoint of the effects of emotional expression on interpersonal relationships and gender stereotypes regarding emotional expressions.

著者

益子 行弘

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.Supplement, pp.7-7, 2013 (Released:2013-04-10)

著者

籠谷 公司

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.30-37, 2017-10-01 (Released:2018-01-10)

参考文献数

44

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This article reviews the recent development of war studies with a focus on the rational choice and the psychological approaches. Scholars in international relations have been studying the origins of war. A traditional theory, Realism, emphasized power as the determinant of international outcomes. However, it did not explain how the distribution of power induces the onset of war. Rationalists connected the missing link by highlighting crisis bargaining as a key process and described the outset of war as a negotiation failure. Wars occur because of the uncertainty problem, the issue indivisibility problem, and the commitment problem. Psychologists applied prospect theory to international conflict behavior and explained how the possible loss of territories drives states to take the risk and escalate crisis bargaining to the onset of war. The latter approach shows more difficulties in reaching a peaceful settlement. Moreover, scholars start using experiments to examine which is more important to explain crisis behavior. Some studies detect the importance of psychological factors in crisis bargaining. We will develop the understanding of conflict behavior by examining the relative importance of the rational choice and the psychological approaches.

著者

佐藤 德

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.71-80, 2012-05-01 (Released:2012-09-15)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1 4

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Writing about traumatic, stressful, or emotional events is known to result in improvements in physical and psychological health. What are the mechanisms that underlie these health benefits? In the present study, undergraduates (n=55) were asked to write about (a) the same traumatic experience, (b) different traumatic experiences, or (c) non-traumatic everyday events, during 3 written disclosure sessions. Results indicated that participants who wrote about the same traumatic experience reported significant reductions in respiratory and neurological symptoms at follow-up assessments compared with the other participants. Moreover, cognitive restructuring contributed to the alleviation of depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms only when participants wrote about the same traumatic experience. Cognitive restructuring did not have a significant beneficial effect on physical symptoms. These findings suggest that habituation underlies the beneficial effects of expressive writing on physical health, and that habituation is necessary for cognitive restructuring to be effective on psychological health.

著者

大隅 尚広 大平 英樹

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.2-14, 2010-07-31 (Released:2011-09-01)

参考文献数

94

被引用文献数

1

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This review summarizes empirical findings that have shown affective deficits of psychopathy. Previous studies have accounted for a failure of moral socialization in individuals with psychopathy in terms of low levels of fearfulness and empathy that may lead to an attenuated ability to inhibit deviant behaviors in response to punishments and distress cues from others. Both low-fear and low-empathy hypotheses have implied that a neural basis of psychopathy is a dysfunction of amygdala, a brain region of the center in affective processing. However, the affective dysfunction of psychopathy can also be associated with adaptive behaviors to maximize gains and minimize losses in some situations. Hence, we propose that psychopathy is one side of humans to shape a selfish strategy if necessary.