著者
岡 俊孝
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
法と政治 (ISSN:02880709)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.4, pp.841-885, 1989-12-20

Few studies have been made of the foreign policy of the Japanese Empire toward Italy and Ethiopia during the Italo-Ethiopian conflict which moved Benito Mussolini to the fateful conquest of Ethiopia in October 1935. This study is a reexamination of Japan's diplomacy toward Italy and Ethiopia as well as the latters' reactions thereto prior to the beginning of the Italo-Ethiopian war. The author's paper consists of following sections : I. Introduction. II. Italian-Japanese Relations before the Italo-Ethiopian Conflict. III. Ethiopia and Japan. IV. Ambassador Sugimura's Remarks and their Repercussions. V. The Mediterranean Crisis and Italo-Japanese Relations. VI. Conclusion.
著者
宮平 光庸
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
関西学院経済学研究 (ISSN:02876914)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, pp.93-140, 1997-12

キリスト教と経済学の関係といえば,ただちに,マックス・ウェーバーの『プロテスタンティズムの倫理と資本主義の精神』が想起されるだろう。同書の一般的な理解によれば,プロテスタント・キリスト教のなかでもカルヴィニズムの影響の強かった信仰的な生活実践の場において,すなわち,聖・俗が分離された修道院の中においてではなく,通常の人々が現実に生活をする世俗的な場において,もっとも大切なこととされていた救いの確証を得るために,勤勉に労働することによって得られる経済的な繁栄を神からの祝福だと思い,いわゆる「世俗内禁欲」的な生活を送り,それが結果的に資本主義的経済発展の原動力となったとされている。(より聖書的な理解によれば,救いの確証を得るためではなく,むしろ人間の業である功徳によらないで神の恵みによりまた信仰によって救われた感謝の印をその生活で証しするための神への応答としての勤勉な労働と生活であったという方が,より説得力をもつように思われる。)いずれにせよ,そのように清教徒的な信仰と倫理的なエートスが,歴史的に経済活動に影響を及ぼしてきたとされる根強い理解の延長線上にあって,キリスト教的な経済観と言えば,どちらかといえばキリスト教の理想的な道徳・倫理を現実の経済活動に適用しようとする立場だと一般的に理解(誤解?)されているように思われる。本論文で試みたいことは,誰に対しても共通する生活基盤であり,また,研究対象でもある市場経済を観察するに際して,その観察者の思想なり価値観が異なることにより,その市場経済観が相当変わってくるという事実を明らかにすることである。すなわち,一方では新自由主義の立場に立つF・ハイエクおよびM・フリードマンの市場経済観と,他方では聖書的立場に立つB・グリフィスおよびD・ヘイの市場経済観とは,いずれも基本的に人間の自由を重要視するところから出発しており,市場経済に対する基本的な考え方においてはかなりの点で類似している。ところが,市場経済の社会的な枠組みとして法的なルールで十分とするか,道徳・倫理的な枠組みを必要とするかについては,それぞれの背景にある哲学思想や価値観が異なり,当然のことながら,その強調点が相違している。そこで,両立場の市場経済に対する姿勢を比較検討することにより,その類似点と相違点を明示し,前者に対する後者の批判点を明らかにしながら,聖書的立場からの市場経済観,とくにこれまでほとんど紹介されてこなかったD・ヘイによる市場経済に関する聖書的諸原則を紹介することが,当論文の主要な目的である。
著者
清滝 ふみ
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
經濟學論究 (ISSN:02868032)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.2, pp.27-46, 2003-06-25

This paper examines why the trade off between incentives and job assignment causes the Peter Principle (where people are promoted to their level of incompetence). It develops a model in which the employer cannot write long-term wage contracts. Under the incomplete contract, employees tend to under-invest in the firm-specific human capital. We show that the employer distorts the assignment in the direction of the Peter Principle to improve this hold-up problem.
著者
山路 勝彦
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
関西学院大学社会学部紀要 (ISSN:04529456)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.97, pp.25-40, 192, 2004-10-28

This paper is concerned with the Colonial Exposition in the early 20^<th> century in Tokyo and Osaka. The content is as follows: 1. The Colonial Exposition in 1912/13 The Takusyoku Hakurankai, held in Tokyo in 1912, was the first Colonial Exposition in Japan, the purpose of which was to display special products from colonies such as Hokkaido, Sakhalin, Taiwan, Korea and Manchuria. This exposition was aimed to provide an opportunity to demonstrate that the Japanese government had succeeded in ruling these colonies. 2. Anthropologists and the Display of Aborigines It is quite interesting that many physical anthropologists at Tokyo University, like Tsuboi Shogoro, worked together with the government staff, displaying aborigines from the colonies as if they were just exhibits. These anthropologists were delighted that they had an opportunity to measure the parts of the bodies of aborigines. The Tokyo Anthropological Association issued commemorative postcards entitled "Aborigines in Japanese colonies". 3. Aborigines in Expositions in the Syowa era Aborigines of the Colonial Exposition were just like a display in a museum, showing their costumes or their features for the Japanese people. However, the situation changed slightly in the Syowa era. In those days, aborigines joined in events of various expositions, performing their traditional music and dances on the stage planned by entertainers in a funny style. Aboriginal dancers were no longer silent objects of exhibition.
著者
難波 功士
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
関西学院大学社会学部紀要 (ISSN:04529456)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.95, pp.217-225, 2003-10-28

In British society, class culture still has not lost its significance, whereas matters of gender, ethnicity and generation are becoming relatively more important. In particular, working class culture has maintained its vitality and many people are proud of their sense of belonging to the culture, though heavy or mining industries have declined. In this note, I survey recent studies concerning working class culture and derive three points as follows. Firstly, now class is not only an issue of production but also one of consumption or taste. As a result, many people construct themselves at will as members of the working class, though in some cases they are white collars workers or students. Although some manual workers earn more money than office workers or teachers, they recognize themselves as working class. Secondly, the representations of working class cultures in films or TV dramas revitalize and reconstruct them. Lastly, now the barrier of gender becomes lower, even in working class culture, so lasses or 'laddette' culture has emerged as the counterpart of lads culture, which means masculine working-class men's culture. In conclusion, whereas the aspect of 'class in itself is decreasing now, the aspect of 'class for itself is increasing. So, in British society class cultures will be alive for a while.
著者
亀田 啓悟
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
Working papers series. Working paper
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, pp.1-24, 2008-02

本稿では、わが国の民間消費に対する非ケインズ効果の存否をSolved-out型消費関数を応用したHjelm(2002)の手法で実証分析した。わが国経済を対象とする先行研究はすべてPerotti (1999)のオイラー方程式を応用した方法のみが採用されており、この点が本稿における新たな試みである。この結果(1)わが国においても財政再建時に非ケインズ効果が発生しており、構造的基礎的財政収支対GDP比の前年度変化1%、あるいは前年との累積変化1.5%の改善は民間消費を約1%改善する、(2)財政再建規模を同0.8%、1.2%にすると利用するデータによっては非ケインズ効果の発生は確認できず、非ケインズ効果を期待するならばより大規模の財政再建が必要である、(3)非ケインズ効果の発生は財政再建の構成やその時期の為替レート変化、公的債務残高とは無関係であり、規模のみが重要である、(4)財政拡大期には非ケインズ効果は確認できない、の4点が明らかとなった。
著者
関谷 一彦
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
言語と文化 = 語言与文化 (ISSN:13438530)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, pp.77-94, 2006-03-01

Quarante-cinq ans environ se sont ecoules depuis le proces intente contre l'editeur et le traducteur qui publierent une traduction de Sade au Japon. Pourquoi done revenir sur ce proces aujourd'hui? Quelle valeur peut avoir une etude qui reconsidere ce qui a alors ete en jeu? La societe japonaise a beaucoup change depuis lors et avec elle le discours sur la sexualite. Il est par exemple inimaginable de nos jours qu'une traduction des oeuvres de Sade fasse l'objet d'une attaque judiciaire pour obscenite. L'objet d'une telle attaque menee par le pouvoir n'est plus aujourd'hui un texte litteraire, mais des photos, des videocassettes, des DVD et surtout des images sur l'Internet. Mais tout compte fait, bien que l'objet de l'enquete ait change, le systeme de surveillance qui prend pour cible l'obscenite reste inchange dans la societe japonaise. Get article a donc pour but de reflechir sur la question de l'obscenite a travers la discussion qui oppose la position juridique et la position litteraire dans le proces de Sade au Japon. La question de l'obscenite est au centre du proces. Du cote du procureur, on considere la traduction de Shibusawa, Suite des Prosperites du vice-l'Histoire de Juliette, comme obscene; du cote de la defense des accuses, cette oeuvre ne l'est pas. La discussion tourne cependant en rond. Pourquoi? Parce que les deux points de vue sur la question ≪Qu'est-ce que l'obscenite?≫ sont tres eloignes l'un de l'autre. Cette difference montre bien, me semble-t-il, la difference qui existe entre le point de vue du droit et celui de la litterature. Le point de vue juridique fait intervenir naturellement l'interpretation des lois. Il cherche une coherence a l'interieur de la logique juridique qui est de nature metaphysique et scolastique par la forme. Tandis que le cote de la defense des accuses insiste sur l'arbitraire de ce concept d'obscenite. Mais ce schema qui oppose le cote du procureur et celui de la defense des accuses se reproduit a l'interieur meme du cote de la defense des accuses, avec d'un cote les avocats et de l'autre les hommes de lettres. La logique des avocats suit en effet le meme cheminement que celle du procureur. Ainsi cette profonde opposition entre la position juridique et la position litteraire eclaire-t-elle bien le point essentiel du probleme de l'obscenite. Point essentiel qui est le suivant: qu'est-ce qui excite le desir sexuel? Nous envisagerons cette question plus universelle et que la discussion au centre du proces de Sade met en lumiere, pour ensuite proposer notre propre reflexion sur la question de l'obscenite.
著者
橋本 信之
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
法と政治 (ISSN:02880709)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.4, pp.801-848, 1990-12-20

1 Introduction 2 Niskanen Model 3 Assumption of Budget-Maximizing Behavior 4 Assumption of Bureaucrat's Complete Dominance and High-Demand Committee 5 Concluding Remarks
著者
橋本 伸也 野村 真理 小森 宏美 吉岡 潤 福田 宏 姉川 雄大 梶 さやか
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2013-04-01

東中欧諸国・ロシアで深刻の度を増している第二次世界大戦と社会主義時代の歴史と記憶をめぐる政治化と紛争化について、現地調査や国際研究集会の開催などを通じて、実相解明を進めた。6回の国内研究会の開催、個別研究論文の執筆に加えて、2014年度にはエストニアのタリン大学で夏季ワークショップを開催して成果をproceedingsとして公開するとともに、2015年には関西学院大学で国際会議を開催して、東アジアの歴史認識紛争との対比により問題構造の多元的把握に努めた。研究代表者の単著(既刊)や雑誌特集号に加えて、2017年中に国際的な論集と研究分担者らの執筆した共著書2点の刊行が決まっている。
著者
村田 治
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
經濟學論究 (ISSN:02868032)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.4, pp.37-66, 2007-04

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the mechanism of the Juglar cycle. To do this, first of all, we show the existence of the Juglar cycle in the post-war period in Japan. Until now, the Juglar cycle in the post-war period was shown in terms of the investment-GDP ratio. Instead of this, we will indicate the existence of the Juglar cycle in terms of 16 periods moving average of GDP growth rate. Moreover, we will show the cyclical relations between the GDP growth rate and the capital stock growth rate. In order to give a theoretical explanation for these cyclical relations, we will set up the model with the capital stock adjustment principle and make use of the limit cycle theorem of Poincare=Bendixson.
著者
吉川 仁
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
法と政治 (ISSN:02880709)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.1, pp.287-320, 1996-03

In Mabo v. Queensland of 3 June 1992,the High Court of Australia handed down a decision of great import to the future of Aboriginal land rights in Australia. In a six to one majority, the Court held that the Meriam people of the Murray Islands retained a native title to their land which was not extinguished by the annexation of the Islands to the colony of Queensland in 1879,nor by subsequent legislation. In reaching this decision the High Court rejected the concept of terra nullius (land belonging to no one) that has been long-established and accepted in cases before the Mabo decision. It is my opinion that Mabo decision has significant relevance to the issue of the land rights of the Ainu people in Japan. So, in this article I summarize the Mabo decision and make comments concerning especially the doctrine of terra nullius, the extinguishment of native title and the need for compensation based on wrongful extinguishment of the title in the decision.
著者
難波 功士
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
関西学院大学社会学部紀要 (ISSN:04529456)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.96, pp.163-178, 307, 2004-03-25

"Taiyo-zoku (The Sun Tribe)' was the first major youth subculture in postwar era Japan. It was named after a novel "Taiyo-no-kisetsu (The Season of the Sun)" written by Ishihara Shintaro in 1955 and made into a movie in 1956. The novel and movie depicted the lifestyle of bourgeois or middle class young people. In the same year, many Taiyo-zoku movies were released and Shintaro's younger brother, Ishihara Yujiro, became one of the most popular movie stars. Many young people were influenced by Yujiro's style. Later, in 1964, many male high teens gathered, chatted and tried to pick up girls around the Ginza Miyuki street corner in Tokyo. They were called the 'Miyuki-zoku'. Their clothes were a collage of Ivy Leaguers' fashion or European suit styles. Their fashion and behavior were boosted by "Heibon Punch", which was started as a young men's magazine, in particular for "The Dankai Generation" a. k. a. the Japanese baby boomers. None of these zokus were long-lived. But they were not peripheral phenomena, because they reflected some important points of Japanese society in those days. Firstly, they symbolized the transition of a major factor of youth subculture, from class to generation. Secondly, they suggested the change of a major role of youth subculture, from Tokyo-born young to Tokyo-goers. Finally, they reveal the change in fashion trend-setting, from trickle-down to bubble-up. The former means that fashion trends are spread from the upper class to lower class. The latter means that trends are born in the street and then the fashion industry picks them up. In spite of these changes, those two zoku were malecentered. Even among young people, a new view of gender did not appear until the late'60s.

4 0 0 0 IR 道祖神考

著者
本位田 重美
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
人文論究 (ISSN:02866773)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.1, pp.1-15, 1969-04

4 0 0 0 OA 「若者論」論

著者
難波 功士
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
関西学院大学社会学部紀要 (ISSN:04529456)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.97, pp.141-148, 200, 2004-10-28

Before the 1960s, in Japanese society young people were usually called 'Seinen'. But, from the 1970s they have been usually called 'Wakamono'. In this paper, I intended to describe the changes of names for the young and think about why such changes happened. My findings include three points. 1) In the 1960s, Youth Culture (Wakamono-Bunka) spread all over the world and in Japan adolescent culture (Seinen-Bunka) was taken over by Wakamono-Bunka which was more anti-authoritarian and hedonistic. 2) In the 1970s, Youth Culture was diluted and diffused. It became more docile and consumption-oriented. As it were, Youth Culture as a unique noun was transformed into youth culture as a common noun. In Japan the youth who liked such youth culture were called 'Yangu' and their personalities were considered more realistic and privatismic. 3) In the 1980s, in Japan the youth had begun to be called 'Shin-Jinrui', which means 'new type of human being'. They were familiar with various media and didn't have the consciousness of belonging to the same age group or generation. They were fragmented into many cliques depending on their interest and taste. Through these processes, Seinen (-Bunka) became a dead word, and simultaneously Youth Culture (Wakamono-Bunka) lost its original ideas linked to a certain generation and period.