著者

川田剛 著

出版者

太政官

巻号頁・発行日

vol.巻5, 1885

著者

玉塵園雪住 作

出版者

三河屋利兵衛

巻号頁・発行日

vol.時代摸様笹蔓錦下, 1856

著者

脇本 由佳

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.1-14, 1992-09-30

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。In the first Book of the Iliad, Apollo. Athena and Thetis intervene in human affairs, just as, in the last Book, Thetis, Iris and Hermes do. However, the important difference between the divine interventions in Book I and those in Book XXIV is that, while all those in Book I are out of personal motives, those in Book XXIV are by order of Zeus. This difference, in fact, parallels how the story develops ; Book I is the beginning of a disturbance, while Book XXIV is its end. The former is dynamic and the latter static. The manner of divine intervention reflects the condition of the humau world, and the private interventions and those by Zeus frame the course of the progression from the energetic Book to the tranquil Book. The condition of the divine world parallels that of the human world as a glass reflects an image, and foreshadows how the story will develop. In Books XIII-XV, a lengthy exposition of divine revolts against the Plan of Zeus unfolds. In Books XIII-XIV, Poseidon intervenes against the will of Zeus in battle, and, in Book XIV, Hera supports his intervention. Finally, in Book XV, Zeus sends Iris and Apollo into the battlefield, which dispatch marks a period of successive revolts. These private interventions by Poseidon and Hera (Books XIII-XIV) and those at the will of Zeus by Iris and Apollo (Book XV) frame the sequence of events in the same manner as Books I and XXIV frame the entire story of the Iliad. The Iliad is said to be a succession of numberless retardations, and we can say that the chronicle of revolts in Books XIII-XV is but one of them. The personal interventions in Books XIII-XIV constitute one long retardation, which the interventions of Zeus in Book XV end. On the other hand, the story of the Iliad itself can also be said to be one retardation preceding the fall of Troy. We can also say, then, that Book I, which relates the cause of one retardation, and Book XXIV, which concludes it, together likewise frame it. Moreover, the activities of the gods function to clarify events in the human world by reflecting its state. In the descriptions of battles (13.455-520 and 13.526-554), for example, while the Greeks aud Trojans seem as if they are equally matched, through the description of the gods (13.521-525), we are given to understand that the Trojans are in fact inferior to their enemies. According to Whitman, there can often be found in Zeus a reflection of the characteristics, of Achilles. Is this relation between Zeus and Achilles really constant? The first apparent reflection of Zeus appears in Book XIV ; when Zeus falls asleep, Hector falls in battle, and when Zeus awakens, Hector recovers his senses. Certain passages (15.610-612, 15.636-637, and 15.693-695) reinforce this close connection between Zeus and Hector. Zeus and Achilles, on the other hand, begin to seem like two symmetrically opposed figures. In Book XV, Zeus takes pity upon Hector (15.12) and allows the Trojans to recover from defeat, while, in Book XVI, Achilles, out of pity for Patroclus, aids the Greeks. At 17.591-594, Hector and Zeus are both described with a motif of "cloud and flash", and here the reflection of Zeus in Hector is noticeable. The description of Achilles (18.22) employing the motif of "cloud" is similar to that of Hector (17.591), returning the reflection of Zeus to Achilles. Moreover, at 18.203-206, Achilles is described with an element of "cloud and flash" which is very similar to that at 17.591-594 describing Zeus and Hector. The successive repetition of the same motif traces the shift of the reflection of Zeus back to Achilles. Since Zeus is often identified with the concept of "victory", we may say that this shifting of the reflection of Zeus from Achilles to Hector and back to Achilles again foreshadows which party will gain victory. The activities of the gods, as we have seen, function to foreshadow how the story will develop. It was observed in particular that the petsonal interventions of the gods cause a retardation, and that, conversely, those of Zeus bring it to an end. The personal interventions and those of Zeus frame retardations. In short, the divine world parallels the human world as a glass reflects its image ; the descriptions of gods illustrate the events in the human world and how the story will progress. We have also seen that, in the Iliad, a god is reflected in an individual hero, although this relationship is never constant, and a shift in this relationship also foreshadows how the story will develop. Thus, the gods in the Iliad help the audience to understaud how the story unfolds.

巻号頁・発行日

1945

著者

高田 亮

出版者

日本地球惑星科学連合

雑誌

JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017

巻号頁・発行日

2017-03-10

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カルデラ形成を伴う大規模噴火,またはそれに準ずるVEIで6以上の噴火は,既存のDB(Seibert et al.,2010)によれば,100年に1-2回程度発生している.しかし,平均値とは異なり,インドネシアだけで最近200年間で3回のカルデラ噴火を経験している.本発表では,その中で,比較的最近の情報が多く残るKrakatau1883のカルデラ噴火について,前兆現象を文献(Nishimura, 1980, Yokoyama, 1981, Simkin and Fiske, 1983;Carey et al.,1996; Mandeville et al., 1996)などでレビュウし(Takada, 2010; Takada et al., 2012),また,現地での巡検視察(1996,2006)などをもとに考察する.Krakatau火山は,ジャワ版「列王記」で,西暦416年の噴火記録があるが詳細は定かでない.1596年のスケッチでは,1883年噴火直前の火山島とほぼ同じ形が描かれていた.1680年には爆発的噴火が起こったことが銅版画で残されている,18世紀以後は,1883年の噴火まで噴火記録はなく,樹木に覆われた島は農地や硫黄採掘,温泉などとして利用されていた.クライマックスである1883年8月27日に先立つ3ヶ月半以上前の5月より有感地震が起こった.1883年噴火の前兆現象として,広範囲に噴気孔が広がっていく異常現象がとらえられていた.5月20日には噴煙が約11km上がった.爆発音,振動,少量の降灰が記録されている.5月22日には間歇的な灰噴火が起こり,海面には軽石が浮遊したまた,5月27-28日には,観光ツアーが島を訪れ,北側の噴火口の様子を報告した.その後も,6月に入り役人やオランダの軍人が上陸し観察記録を残している.6月-7月は,2箇所から噴煙が上がっていたが,8月11-12日には,オランダの大尉が上陸すると,約5kmの範囲で3箇所の噴火口と14箇所の噴気孔を確認していた.クライマックスは,8月26日の早朝から始まり,14時に爆裂とともに噴煙中が26km上がったと記録されている.27日には,早朝から4回の噴煙柱が立ち上がり,最高で38kmに達したと言われている.それに伴う津波も発生し,被害を拡大した.火砕流や火砕サージも発生し,対岸の集落を襲った.この噴火で約12km3のマグマが噴出したと報告されている(Carrey et al., 1996).本研究は,原子力規制庁からの受託研究として行われた.

著者

岡根 好彦

出版者

慶應義塾大学大学院法学研究科

雑誌

法学政治学論究 : 法律・政治・社会 (ISSN:0916278X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.92, pp.197-228, 2012

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一 はじめに二 現状の把握 (一) 伝統的な名誉毀損法理 1 由来 2 名誉毀損の民事責任 3 名誉毀損の刑事責任 4 名誉毀損的表現の憲法的価値 (二) 「現実的悪意」の法理の登場と展開 1 New York Times Co. v. Sullivan 事件判決 2 「現実的悪意」の立証を必要とする範囲の拡大 3 Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. 事件判決とその後 (1) Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. 事件判決 (2) Gertz事件判決の定着 (3) 複合テストの登場とその後三 コンピューター・ネットワーク上の名誉毀損 (一) 名誉毀損法理の修正 1 問題の所在 2 内容 3 効果 4 問題点 (二) 名誉毀損法理の否定 (三) 名誉毀損法理の維持四 整理と検討五 まとめ

著者

橋本 哲哉

出版者

金沢大学経済学部地域経済情報センター

雑誌

地域経済ニューズレター (ISSN:09137181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, pp.1-3, 2003-09-30

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金沢大学経済学部・教授

著者

奥村 光平 奥 寛雅 石川 正俊

出版者

一般社団法人 日本ロボット学会

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.201-211, 2011 (Released:2011-04-16)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

12 8

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The purpose of our study is to realize an active vision capable of casting its gaze in any desired direction in ms-order. It is, however, difficult even if a vision sensor itself is controlled directly by high-speed actuators. Therefore, we propose a high-speed gaze control subsystem, called “Saccade Mirror.” Using this system and a high-speed vision, image sequences that each image has different direction of gaze in msorder has been successfully obtained. Measuring the frequency response of the gaze control, this result has exceeded the preceding study. That is to say, the utility of our proposal has been ascertained.

著者

Tsuyoshi Nozue Takeshi Takamura Kazuki Fukui Kiyoshi Hibi Satoru Kishi Ichiro Michishita

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.47621, (Released:2018-12-20)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

4 6

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Aim: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) accurately diagnoses ischemic lesions of intermediate stenosis severity. However, significant determinants of FFRCT have not been fully evaluated.Methods: This was a sub-analysis of the Treatment of Alogliptin on Coronary Atherosclerosis Evaluated by Computed Tomography-Based Fractional Flow Reserve trial. Thirty-nine diabetic patients (117 vessels) with intermediate coronary artery stenosis [percent diameter stenosis (%DS) <70%] in whom FFRCT was measured were included in this study. CCTA-defined, vessel-based volumetric and morphological characteristics of plaques were examined to determine their ability to predict FFRCT.Results: Patient-based, multivariate linear regression analysis showed that hemoglobinA1c, triglycerides, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate were significant independent factors associated with FFRCT. Vessel-based, univariate linear regression analysis showed that the total atheroma volume (r=−0.233, p=0.01) and the percentage atheroma volume (PAV) (r=−0.284, p=0.002) as well as %DS (r=−0.316, p=0.006) were significant determinants of FFRCT. Among the plaque components, significant negative correlations were observed between FFRCT and low- (r=−0.248, p=0.007) or intermediate-attenuation plaque volume (r=−0.186, p=0.045), whereas calcified plaque volume was not associated with FFRCT. In the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), the plaque volume of each component was associated with FFRCT.Conclusions: Plaque volume, PAV, and %DS were significant determinants of FFRCT. Plaque morphology, particularly in LAD, was associated with FFRCT in diabetic patients with intermediate coronary artery stenosis.

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第57冊, 1000

著者

角 幸博

出版者

北海道大学

巻号頁・発行日

1995-09-29

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iii, 121p.

著者

前川 喜平

出版者

一般社団法人 日本小児神経学会

雑誌

脳と発達 (ISSN:00290831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.4, pp.334-335, 1976-07-01 (Released:2011-05-24)

参考文献数

4

出版者

矢板市

巻号頁・発行日

1989

著者

矢板市史編集委員会編

出版者

矢板市

巻号頁・発行日

1981

著者

佐々木 司 酒井 一博

出版者

労働科学研究所

雑誌

労働科学 (ISSN:0022443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.9, pp.369-377, 1997-09

著者

霊山町史編纂委員会[編]

出版者

霊山町

巻号頁・発行日

1979

著者

前田 浩人 小林 加奈 三品 美夏 渡辺 俊文 曽川 一幸

出版者

日本電気泳動学会

雑誌

電気泳動 (ISSN:21892628)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.43-47, 2018 (Released:2018-12-21)

参考文献数

7

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慢性腎臓病(CKD)は,多くのネコに発症が認められ,死因の一つとされている.獣医国際腎臓病学会(International Renal Interest Society,IRIS)の分類では,ステージI期およびステージII期におけるCKDを正常なコントロールと比較して,マーカーを用いて正確に診断することは難しい.正常およびステージI期CKDネコにおける尿中アルブミン濃度は6.0±4.5および11.2±8.4 mg/dlであり,尿中トランスフェリン濃度は0.09±0.42および0.52±0.79 mg/dlであった.ROC曲線分析に基づいて,尿中アルブミンおよび尿中トランスフェリンの感度および特異性は,現在使用されているバイオマーカーである血漿クレアチニンレベルの感度および特異度より高かった.いくつかの候補の中で,CKDの最も有望なバイオマーカーとして39.2 kDaタンパク質であるカルボキシルエステラーゼ5A断片に焦点を当てた.カルボキシエステラーゼ5Aフラグメント測定を診断に応用出来るように,我々は,尿中カルボキシルエステラーゼ5Aフラグメントを測定することを可能にする酵素イムノアッセイを開発した.ELISAの性能については,回収率(96.1–106.4%)および同時再現性(3.5–5.1%)および日差再現性(4.8–8.2%)と良好な結果であった.

著者

佐野 好則

出版者

日本西洋古典学会

雑誌

西洋古典学研究 (ISSN:04479114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, pp.1-11, 2011

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Nestor's story in Iliad 11 seems to be without close correspondences with the main plot of the epic, unlike other paradeigmata in the Iliad such as the story of Meleager and the story of Niobe. Still, critics have detected some elements which are similar to the situations surrounding the Greeks in the Iliad, such as the loss of leading warriors and the besieged city of Tryoessa. A notable feature of the story is the similarity of Nestor's valour in the cattle raid and in the battle against the Epeians. Another notable feature is the repeated references to Nestor's relationship to his father Neleus. Both of these features strengthen the contrast between Nestor who displayed his valour though his father forbade him to enter the battle, and Achilleus who does not display his valour though his father Peleus ordered him to do so. These elements contribute to the function of this story as a paradeigma for Achilleus. Patroclus is moved by the story, and when he sees Achilleus in book 16 and reports Nestor's words, he does not overtly ask Achilleus to return to battle. Instead, Patroclus emphatically asks Achilleus to let him return to battle, though this was only Nestor's second option. Those elements in Nestor's story in book 11 which strengthen its function as a paradeigma for Achilleus are so designed that they also work on Patroclus. In Nestor's story, the point where Nestor stopped his pursuit of the enemies and withdrew is clearly marked. It is notable that the moment when Patroclus should have stopped his pursuit of the Trojans is emphasized. This contrast between Nestor and Patroclus is discernible for the audience (or readers) of the Iliad who know the outcome of the influence of Nestor's story on Patroclus through the course of the epic. Nestor's story, which seems to be merely a lengthy and garrulous boast, is skillfully connected to the main plot of the Iliad on different levels: It is scattered with elements which strengthen its function as a paradeigma both for Achilleus and Patroclus. It also points to Patroclus' death through a notable contrast between this story and the course of events in the main plot of the epic.

著者

石村 華代 石村 秀登

出版者

九州ルーテル学院大学

雑誌

紀要visio : research reports (ISSN:13432133)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.41-52, 2014-12-03

著者

楠元 町子

出版者

愛知淑徳大学文学部

雑誌

愛知淑徳大学論集. 文学部・文学研究科篇 (ISSN:13495496)

巻号頁・発行日

no.38, pp.41-56, 2013-03-14