著者
中原 篤史
出版者
独立行政法人 日本貿易振興機構アジア経済研究所
雑誌
ラテンアメリカ・レポート (ISSN:09103317)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.1, pp.17-34, 2018-07-31 (Released:2019-03-07)
参考文献数
20

ホンジュラスの政権与党である国民党は、憲法で禁止されていた再選を最高裁に対する異議申し立てを通して可能にした。それにより第2期目のエルナンデス政権が誕生した。しかし、この再選は憲法違反とする市民の強い批判に加えて、大統領や政権幹部、国民党も絡んだ汚職問題や無処罰への批判により、市民による反汚職、反政権の抗議行動が発生し始めた。その特徴として、それまでは政治に対する関心が比較的薄く、従来はこうした抗議活動には参加しなかった一般市民が、SNSなどを通じてつながり、社会正義をかかげて参加しているという点が指摘できる。本稿では第1期のエルナンデス政権のガバナンスを振り返ると共に、任期中に発覚した数々の汚職問題、軍・警察の腐敗問題と、市民から憲法違反と批判されながら国民党の強引な手法で実現した大統領の再選問題を取り上げる。そしてそれに対して社会正義を問い抗議活動を行うホンジュラス市民社会の活動を概観する。
著者
田村 悦臣
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.140, no.11, pp.1351-1363, 2020-11-01 (Released:2020-11-01)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
4

Epidemiological studies have shown that coffee consumption may be associated with a lower risk of developing several chronic disorders. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of the effects of coffee, we analyzed molecular response upon exposure to coffee extract using cellular and animal models of these diseases. As obesity is recognized as a major risk factor for these chronic diseases, we investigated the effect of coffee on adipogenesis using mouse preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cells. We found that coffee induced proteasomal degradation of IRS-1, leading to reduction of PPARγ expression, a master transcription factor for adipogenesis. Reduction in weight as well as in IRS-1 expression was detected in the fat tissues of the high fat-diet-fed mice when reared with 60% coffee for 7 weeks. As for Alzheimer's disease, we analyzed the effect of coffee on amyloid β (Aβ) production in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. We found a 20% reduction in Aβ production when treated with 2.5% coffee for 2 d. This reduction was due to proteasomal degradation of BACE1 (β-secretase), which was activated by protein kinase A. In addition, coffee ameliorates LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages by reducing NFκB activity and Nrf2 activation. Roasted coffee prevents selenite-induced cataractogenesis by ameliorating antioxidant loss. Pyrocatechol, a component of roasted coffee, also reduced Aβ production and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by a similar mechanism as coffee. Our results suggest that roasting coffee beans to generate pyrocatechol is necessary for the preventive effects of coffee intake on the chronic diseases.
著者
小林 茂雄 小口 尚子
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, no.605, pp.119-125, 2006
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
4 6 4

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of brightness and loudness of the background music on interpersonal communications in a cafe. An investigation to observe the conversational behavior of subjects, and an experiment to estimate suitability of lighting and sound environments for various behaviors were carried out under four different conditions. The principle results are summarized as follows. 1. Women tended to have more frequent eye contact than men under every condition. 2. Men tended to talk considerably under low illumination, and women tended to talk more under conditions of low sound volume. 3. Men tended to bend forward under high illumination, and women tended to bend forward under low illumination. 4. There were combined effects of illumination and music loudness on the evaluation of usage behaviors. For example, studying was appropriate in bright and quiet condition.
著者
木部 暢子
出版者
公益財団法人 日本学術協力財団
雑誌
学術の動向 (ISSN:13423363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.4, pp.4_20-4_24, 2021-04-01 (Released:2021-08-27)

日本語学は、日本語の文字資料や会話資料を研究データとしている。そのため、日本語学の研究論文はこれまで、日本語が理解できる人を読者に想定して書かれてきた。このことが原因して日本語学の国際化が遅れたということは否定できない。 日本語学は長い研究の歴史と研究成果の蓄積を持っている。日本語の国際化のためには、学協会がこれらの国際発信を組織的に進める必要がある。同時に、研究の元となる多様な日本語のデータを世界へ発信することが重要である。
著者
Bin Yang Hideki Kakeya
出版者
The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers
雑誌
ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications (ISSN:21867364)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.2, pp.136-142, 2021 (Released:2021-04-01)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
1

We propose an autostereoscopic display allowing two observers with adaptive fractional time-division multiplexing parallax barrier. Fractional time-division suppresses perceived flickers when the order of slit position is properly set. To make sure that both of the observers are located in the proper viewing zones to enable stereoscopy simultaneously, the number of time-division multiplexing is switched in accordance with the distance between them. The viewing zone without crosstalk for the second viewer is evaluated theoretically.
著者
Noriko HIRAO Takashi MORISHITA Kazuya SAITA Tomohiro TAKAGI Shinsuke FUJIOKA Tooru INOUE
出版者
The Japan Neurosurgical Society
雑誌
NMC Case Report Journal (ISSN:21884226)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.1, pp.445-450, 2021 (Released:2021-08-06)
参考文献数
15

Dystonia is a movement disorder that has various treatment options. For primary dystonia, stereotactic procedures such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) have demonstrated favorable outcomes. For secondary dystonia, however, the treatment outcomes remain inconclusive, and the heterogeneous etiological background is considered to contribute to the poor outcomes of the disease. Here, we report a rare pediatric case of post-stroke focal dystonia treated with conventional radiofrequency ventro-oral (Vo) thalamotomy. The patient was an 11-year-old girl with secondary focal dystonia in her right hand. The dystonia was considered to result from a stroke lesion in the putamen due to vasculitis following varicella-zoster virus infection. We hypothesized that the infarction of the putamen resulted in hyperactivity in the thalamus, and, thus, performed a radiofrequency Vo thalamotomy. Markedly decreased muscle tone in her right hand was noted immediately after surgery. However, the improvement was temporary, as her symptoms returned to baseline level by the 6-month follow-up. Although the observed improvement was temporary in this case, our findings may elucidate the possible mechanisms of secondary focal dystonia. Further studies are needed to establish an effective surgical treatment for secondary focal dystonia.