著者

松下 拓樹 西尾 文彦

出版者

The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice

雑誌

雪氷 (ISSN:03731006)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.5, pp.541-552, 2004-09-15 (Released:2010-02-05)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

5

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過去14冬季間(1989年11月~2003年5月)における気象庁の地上気象観測資料から,着氷性の雨,着氷性の霧雨,凍雨の発生に関する地域分布と,季節変化および経年変化を調べた.日本では,これらの降水種は1月から3月の時期に発生することが多く,毎年10回程度の割合で観測されている.このうち着氷性の雨の発生率は毎年数回程度で,12月~1月に発生する場合が多い.着氷性の雨と凍雨の発生率が高いのは,中部地方以北の内陸山間部と関東地方以北の太平洋側平野部である.この両地域に着目して,着氷性の雨や凍雨が発生するときの気象条件の形成過程を調べたところ,地上付近の寒気層の形成は,局地的な気象現象や地形の影響を強く受けることがわかった.内陸山間部では盆地地形による冷気湖の形成が関与しており,太平洋側平野部では内陸からの寒気流出によって地上付近の寒気層が形成される.一方,上空暖気層の形成は,総観規模の気圧配置に伴う暖気移流に起因する.

著者

江頭 満 小林 幹彦 今野 武志

出版者

社団法人 繊維学会

雑誌

繊維学会誌 (ISSN:00379875)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.6, pp.156-160, 2009 (Released:2009-08-12)

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Electrospinning was carried out in an insulating liquid, Fluorinert FC-40 (Sumitomo 3M Ltd.), to judge whether "wet electrospinning" is practicable or not. Chloroform, N,N-dimethylformamide, and their mixture of 1 to 1 are used as a solvent of polystyrene. Among the three solvents of spinning solutions, only chloroform was fit for wet electrospinning in Fluorinert FC-40. Effect of polystyrene concentration was investigated using spinning solutions of chloroform solvent. Polystyrene particles and fibers were formed from the solutions of 5 to 15wt% polystyrene spinning solutions. From 20wt% solution, only fibers with many beads were formed, and from 25wt% solutions only fibers without beads were formed. The diameters of fibers formed were increasing with an increase in the concentration. The diameter was about 10um and 50um for fibers from 20wt% and 25wt% solutions, respectively. It is concluded that wet electrospinning is practicable. However, improvement of apparatus and process will be necessary to produce non-woven fabric of nanofibers.

著者

Masafumi Seki Naruhiko Ikari Seigo Yamamoto Yuhki Yamagata Kosuke Kosai Katsunori Yanagihara Tomoyuki Kakugawa Shintaro Kurihara Koichi Izumikawa Yoshitsugu Miyazaki Yasuhito Higashiyama Yoichi Hirakata Takayoshi Tashiro Shigeru Kohno

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.22, pp.1323-1326, 2006 (Released:2006-12-15)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

11 24 11

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A 77 years old woman who had a bite with eschar on her left arm, was admitted to emergency ward in our hospital, because of high fever, severe malaise, skin eruption, and consciousness disturbance beginning 5 days previously. She was diagnosed as Japanese spotted fever by seropositive of Rickettsia japonica (R. japonica) antibody, and successfully treated with fluoroquinolone, after minocycline hydrochloride had been proven ineffective. R. japonica-specific DNA was detected by PCR from the tick: Haemaphysalis hystricis larvae collected from a mountainous location in Fukuoka, Japan where the patient had been bitten.

著者

Itaru Hayakawa Junwa Kunimatsu Riri Watanabe Kazuo Kubota Atsuto Yoshizawa

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.24, pp.3431-3434, 2012 (Released:2012-12-15)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 2 1

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The early diagnosis and treatment of Takayasu arteritis (TA) is crucial to prevent the devastating complications of vascular insufficiency. This report describes a patient with a persistent fever in whom carotid artery tenderness led to a diagnosis of TA. This case suggests that carotid artery tenderness is a useful physical finding that warrants 2-deoxy-2-[Fluorine-18] fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography to confirm a diagnosis of early TA.

著者

久保田 裕之

出版者

日本家族社会学会

雑誌

家族社会学研究 (ISSN:0916328X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.227-227, 2011-10-31 (Released:2012-11-13)

著者

岩倉 友哉 岡本 青史 淺川 和雄

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.130, no.1, pp.83-91, 2010-01-01 (Released:2010-01-01)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

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AdaBoost is a method to create a final hypothesis by repeatedly generating a weak hypothesis in each training iteration with a given weak learner. AdaBoost-based algorithms are successfully applied to several tasks such as Natural Language Processing (NLP), OCR, and so on. However, learning on the training data consisting of large number of samples and features requires long training time. We propose a fast AdaBoost-based algorithm for learning rules represented by combination of features. Our algorithm constructs a final hypothesis by learning several weak-hypotheses at each iteration. We assign a confidence-rated value to each weak-hypothesis while ensuring a reduction in the theoretical upper bound of the training error of AdaBoost. We evaluate our methods with English POS tagging and text chunking. The experimental results show that the training speed of our algorithm are about 25 times faster than an AdaBoost-based learner, and about 50 times faster than Support Vector Machines with polynomial kernel on the average while maintaining state-of-the-art accuracy.

著者

濱田 信夫

出版者

(社)大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.5, pp.295-303, 2007 (Released:2007-10-09)

参考文献数

14

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The fungal flora in the house dust of dwellings was examined in both the winter and summer of 2006. The xerophilic fungi, Aspergillus restrictus and Wallemia, which grow in house dust, were markedly abundant as well as Cladosporium and Penicillium. The average numbers of fungi detected were larger in tatami dust than in carpet dust or in flooring dust. Floor materials, for example whether the carpet was wool or synthetic, affected the fungal contamination of house dust. Fungal contamination was found to be less on upper floors, in houses located on flat land than on the first floor or on sloping land. More fungal contamination was detected in older dwellings of 26 years or more than in newer ones of 25 years or less. The fungal count in the house dust of rooms with daily use of air-conditioning in summer and heating in winter was about half of that in rooms rarely heated or air-conditioned. Factors removing moisture from the room atmosphere and floor were thought to reduce the fungal contamination of house dust.

著者

Hideyuki Nagakura Masanori Nishikawa Nobuko Kusano Mari Saito Satoshi Morita Takeshi Kaneko Yoshiaki Ishigatsubo

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.22, pp.3115-3118, 2012 (Released:2012-11-15)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 3

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Objective The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of never-smoking patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) detected with clinic-based screening programs, focusing on clinical risk factors and survival. Methods The medical records of NSCLC patients (n=285) diagnosed at Fujisawa City Hospital between April 2000 and December 2010 with lesions that were originally detected with clinic-based screening programs in Fujisawa City were reviewed to identify the clinicopathological variables and survival outcomes. Results Of the 285 NSCLC patients, 95 (33.3%) were never-smokers. A comparison between the never-smoking and ever-smoking patients revealed that the never-smokers included a significantly greater proportion of women and patients with adenocarcinoma (86.3% vs. 12.6%: p<0.001 or 94.7% vs. 55.8%: p<0.001, respectively). The overall survival rate of the never-smoking patients was significantly superior to that of the ever-smokers (p=0.004). In addition to smoking status, factors found to be significantly associated with the overall survival rate in univariate analyses were gender, stage, histology and first line treatment. A multivariate analysis revealed smoking status to be an independent prognostic factor in addition to stage and first line treatment. Conclusion The differences in the clinicopathological factors and survival outcomes between never-smoking and ever-smoking patients with NSCLC detected with clinic-based screening programs suggest that persuading people to never start smoking is important.

著者

Mahbubur Rahman Satoshi Morita Tsuguya Fukui Junichi Sakamoto

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.38-40, 2005 (Released:2005-05-10)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

4 5

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BACKGROUND: Physicians' perception and attitudes towards a research topic and trial management could influence their participation in a randomized controlled trial. The objectives of this study were to determine the reasons for physicians' participation in and attitudes towards the Candesartan Antihypertensive Survival Evaluation in Japan (CASE-J) trial.METHODS: CASE-J's main objective is to compare the effectiveness of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (candesartan cilexetil) with that of a calcium channel blocker (amlodipine besilate) in terms of the incidence of cardiovascular events among high-risk hypertensive patients. We conducted a questionnaire survey among the physicians (n=512) participating in that trial to determine the reasons behind their participation and to elicit their reactions to the trial management.RESULTS: Eighty-eight percent of the 512 participating physicians responded to our survey. The main reasons for participation were clear objectives of the trial (85.1%), a simple protocol (61.1%), interest in finding out the inhibiting effects of the drugs on cardiac events (80.2%), and a well-organized support system (59.8%). As for negative factors, case registration and follow-up were considered cumbersome by 28.6% and 10.8%, respectively while 44.2% stated that support by the clinical research coordinators provided by the trial management authority was necessary for case screening, recruitment process, patient registration, and follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that participants who did not use a computer very regularly (odds ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-3.6) were more likely to consider the case registration and follow-up procedures as a cumbersome.CONCLUSION: The information generated by this study could be useful in designing future randomized controlled trials in Japan and abroad.J Epidemiol2005;15:38-40.

著者

西井 淳

出版者

バイオメカニズム学会

雑誌

バイオメカニズム学会誌 (ISSN:02850885)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.8-12, 2004 (Released:2004-08-13)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 2

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ウマなど多くの多足歩行動物が移動速度に応じて歩容を変化させることは古くから多くの研究者の注意をひき,観察に基づく詳細な分類が行われて来た.一方で歩容が変化する理由についても多くの議論がなされながら,十分な説明はなされてこなかった.歩容の遷移の他にも,移動速度の変化に伴った脚の運動周期の変化等,多くの多足歩行パターンの特徴が様々な動物に共通に観察されている.このことは多足歩行パターンの選択において動物によらない共通の戦略が存在することを意味する.本稿では,多くの動物に共通に観察される多足歩行パターンの特徴を紹介し,それらが消費エネルギーの最小化という基準によって説明しうることを解説する.

著者

高橋 正明 風早 康平 安原 正也

出版者

日本水文科学会

雑誌

日本水文科学会誌 (ISSN:13429612)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.133-139, 2011 (Released:2012-06-30)

参考文献数

23

著者

一ノ瀬 正和

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.4, pp.195-203, 1998 (Released:2007-01-30)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

6 4

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Airways are richly innervated by 4 nervous systems: adrenergic, cholinergic, inhibitory nonadrenergic noncholinergic (i-NANC), and excitatory NANC (e-NANC) nervous systems. Dysfunction or hyperfunction of these systems may be involved in the inflammation or airway hyperresponsiveness observed in asthmatic patients. The cholinergic nervous system is the predominant neural bronchoconstrictor pathway in humans. Airway inflammation results in exaggerated acetylcholine release from cholinergic nerves via dysfunction of the autoreceptor, muscarinic M2, which is possibly caused by a major basic protein or IgE. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and nitric oxide (NO) released from i-NANC nerves act as an airway smooth muscle dilator. The effects of VIP and NO are diminished after allergic reaction by inflammatory cell-mediated tryptase and reactive oxygen species. Thus, in asthmatic airways, the inflammatory change-mediated neural imbalance may result in airway hyperresponsiveness. Tachykinins derived from e-NANC nerves have a variety of actions including airway smooth muscle contraction, mucus secretion, vascular leakage, and neutrophil attachment; and they may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Since tachykinin receptor antagonists are effective for bradykinin- and exercise-inducedbronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients, these drugs may be useful for asthma therapy.

著者

Koji Mori Seiichiro Tateishi Koh Hiraoka Toshihiko Kubo Ryuji Okazaki Katsunori Suzuki Yuichi Kobayashi Kimitoshi Kohno

出版者

(公社)日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0134-CS, (Released:2012-11-27)

被引用文献数

7 26 3

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A nuclear accident occurred at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant of Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) as a result of a mega-earthquake and tsunami in March, 2011. A large number of workers were engaged in response and recovery operations under a complex structure of involved companies. They were exposed not only to radiation but also to other health hazards. TEPCO implemented programs to prevent radiation exposure, but had no effective systems for managing the other health risks and few occupational health (OH) professionals contributed to the health risk management. The University of Occupational and Environmental Health (UOEH), Japan, dispatched physicians to a quake-proof building at the plant t provide first-aid services from mid-May, 2011, and took a strategic approach to protecting workers’ from existing health risks. UOEH presented recommendations on OH systems and preventive measures against heat stress to the Government and TEPCO. The Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare issued guidelines to TEPCO and contractors. TEPCO implemented a comprehensive program against heat stress according to the guidelines and in cooperation with UOEH. As a result, we successfully prevented severe heat illness during summer 2011. From our experiences, we believe that the following recommendations should be considered: 1) the role of OH and the participation of experts should be defined in emergency response plans; 2) regulations should allow the national government and main companies involved to lead safety and health initiatives for all workers at disaster sites; and 3) OH professionals, response manuals and drills should be organized at a national level.

著者

田辺 孝二

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.9, pp.621-628, 2012-12-01 (Released:2012-12-01)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1 1

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シンガポールは東南アジアに位置する小さな都市国家であるが,情報通信技術を活用し,世界最先端の情報化社会を実現し,魅力的なグローバル都市として発展している。本稿は,シンガポールの情報化先進性を国際ランキングと具体的な事例で示すとともに,シンガポール政府の情報化政策と電子政府への取り組みを紹介し,その特徴を考察する。特に情報化政策の歴史と情報化計画iN2015の目標と達成状況,また電子政府推進の経緯とiGov2015 Masterplanの狙いについて解説する。

著者

佐藤 金兵衛

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.56-57, 1973-09-23 (Released:2012-11-27)

著者

大石 潔 工藤 健二 柳澤 斉 徳丸 春樹

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌D(産業応用部門誌) (ISSN:09136339)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.5, pp.421-429, 2002-05-01 (Released:2008-12-19)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

6 2

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This paper proposes a new high speed robust tracking control system based on both “Zero Phase Error Tracking” (ZPET) control system and robust servo system for an optical disk recording system. In the optical disk recording systems (for example CD-R), the tracking servo system must have the complete tracking response whose error is less than 0.1 [μm] for an amplitude of 100 [μm] of reference input signal. However, its detecting signal is only a tracking error. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new estimation method of the reference input signal by using only tracking error, and realizes the high speed robust tracking servo system with ZPET control. Moreover, this paper considers the saturation of controller output. The experimental and simulation results point out that the proposed system has a quick and precise tracking response.

著者

Wen-Jun Tu Hui Chen Jian He

出版者

日本酸化ストレス学会

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.248-249, 2012 (Released:2012-10-31)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

4 22

著者

Keiko MATSUMOTO Michihiko NAKAMURA

出版者

一般社団法人日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences (ISSN:13456296)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.5, pp.206-211, 2012 (Released:2012-11-17)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

3

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Pyrrhotite (Po) occurs as inclusions and as isolated crystals in pumice from the 1914-15 eruption of the Sakurajima volcano, Kyushu, Japan. The Po crystals have partly reacted to form spongy Fe oxides. A similar texture has been reported in some previous studies (Hattori, 1993), but the mineral phases and formation processes of the spongy Fe oxides have not been clarified. Our quantitative and compositional map analyses with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) reveal that the spongy Fe oxides are mostly magnetite (Mt), with a thin rim (<3 μm) of hematite on rare occasions. The spongy texture includes unreacted regions of Po, mesh-like pores, and S-rich spots, showing that it was formed by desulfidation of Po. No Ti was detected, even in the outermost rim; this indicates that the reaction occurred syn-eruptively. According to diffusion calculations, the spongy Mt was formed during the 4 h preceding quenching. Thermodynamic calculations showed that Po is stable at log fO2 < NNO + 2 at a pressure of 1 bar and magmatic temperature, which is 1-2 log units higher than the usual magmatic fO2. These constraints on the timing and oxidation condition of desulfidation lead to the conclusion that the reaction was caused by oxidation of the magma in a shallow volcanic conduit, not in magma chamber processes. The pumice groundmass consists mostly of glass, indicating that the rate of the desulfidation reaction is faster than the decompression-induced crystallization of microlites in the andesitic magma. Therefore, the desulfidation reaction of Po has the potential to be used as a geospeedometer for very fast magma ascent in vigorous explosive eruptions.

著者

齊藤 陽子 佐久間 尚子 石井 賢二 水澤 英洋

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.5, pp.405-413, 2009 (Released:2012-03-20)

参考文献数

25

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Two experiments were conducted to identify the role of lyrics and melody in song recognition. Experiment 1 (N=30) investigated the ratings of familiarity, age of acquisition, retrievability of lyrics or melody, and happiness for 100 Japanese children's songs. In Experiment 2 (N=31), a familiarity-judgment task was conducted involving three stimulus types—sung lyrics (SONG), spoken lyrics (LYRICS), and sung melody using the syllable/la/ (MELODY) —for two excerpts (beginning and middle locations). The participants were instructed to judge whether an excerpt sounded familiar as quickly as possible. The more familiar the songs, the easier could they be identified from the three stimulus types. SONG-response time (RT) was shorter than MELODY-RT for both beginning and middle, and than LYRICS-RT for the middle. The location effect emerged most prominently for LYRICS-RT. Our results suggest that interactively connected information of lyrics and melody may facilitate song recognition. Lyrics in the beginning might be an index only for certain, very familiar songs, whereas melody may play a facilitative role for song recognition regardless of location.