著者
山中 恵利子
出版者
日本医学哲学・倫理学会
雑誌
医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, pp.110-120, 2007-10-18 (Released:2018-02-01)

We can objectively observe the speech and behavior of others but are not privy to their thinking. Even in face-to-face conversation I cannot understand everything you experience. This is the problem of intersubjectivity, which is achieved through agreement and negotiation between different, mutually independent perspectives. This paper seeks to understand the perspectives of others using A. Schutz's concept of relevance as a means of unraveling the problem of intersubjectivity. Based on records of conversations between nurses and a mother who gave birth to a disabled child and letters written by that mother, this paper explores the mother's narrative and presents it as an example of understanding others. The paper also indicates how analysis of the mother's perspective at different times using the concept of relevance is linked to ascertaining the mother's stream of consciousness.
著者
山中 恵利子
出版者
日本医学哲学・倫理学会
雑誌
医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, pp.55-63, 2005-10-26 (Released:2018-02-01)

The purpose of this paper is to examine the construction of a world of subjective meaning for Mr. A, who experienced depression in middle age. As a methodological tool, I use the theory of relevance advanced by Alfred Schutz. This paper first examines how Schutz' theory explains how, in social constructivist terms, "subjective reality turns into objective reality," and clarifies the temporal status of internal time consciousness. The paper then examines Schutz' construct of different sets of interests, or relevances: topical, interpretive, and motivational.In conversations between Mr. A and the author over four years, Mr. A's "narrative" changed. According to the theory of relevance, major changes of subject are seen in the evolution of Mr. A's statements from "I cannot go to work," "I am labeled as someone who cannot succeed in work," and "I feel tense at work" to such statements as "I want to break free from this vicious circle." By examining such statements the theory of relevance is able to clarify the meaning in epoche how Mr. A perceives the problems that he faces and how he attempts to deal with them. The author shows how Schutz' concept of relevance, as an intersubjective category, is able to reduce the distance between the actor and the observer. Using the concept of relevance, the author shows that an interviewer or hearer will come to an interpretive understanding of a speaker producing meaning compositions, by way of contrapuntal analysis, while, as if an accompanist, the hearer stands close to the speaker.
著者
瀧澤 一騎 田中 孝之 吉成 哲 奈良 博之 柴田 啓介 山中 正紀 鈴木 善人
出版者
日本生理人類学会
雑誌
日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.2, pp.87-92, 2013-05-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

We examined physical fitness adaptation after six weeks of snow shovelling using different types of shovels. Thirty-three subjects participated in this study and were divided two groups: normal shovel group and less-workload shovel (UD-shovel) group. Grip strength, vertical jump, 10 m obstacle walking, chair rising test, lactate threshold and body mass were measured before and after six weeks of snow shovelling. All measurements showed no significant differences between the groups. The chair rising test and ten meter obstacle walking were significantly at main effects. These values were higher in the after period than in the before period. But there were no significant differences at main effects in grip strength, vertical jump, lactate threshold and body mass. These results suggest that six weeks of snow shovelling may not affect upper body strength and aerobic capacity, but may affect lower body and muscle of trunk strength, power, agility, balance and coordination. These effects were not different if using normal shovels or UD-shovels.
著者
山中 敬一
出版者
日本刑法学会
雑誌
刑法雑誌 (ISSN:00220191)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.1, pp.104-120, 2008-08-01 (Released:2020-11-05)
著者
津田 敏隆 深尾 昌一郎 山本 衛 中村 卓司 山中 大学 足立 樹泰 橋口 浩之 藤岡 直人 堤 雅基 加藤 進 Harijono Sri Woro B. Sribimawati Tien Sitorus Baginda P. Yahya Rino B. Karmini Mimin Renggono Findy Parapat Bona L. Djojonegoro Wardiman Mardio Pramono Adikusumah Nurzaman Endi Hariadi Tatang Wiryosumarto Harsono
出版者
社団法人日本気象学会
雑誌
Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.73, no.2, pp.393-406, 1995-06-15
被引用文献数
20

日本とインドネシアの協力により1992年11月にジャカルタ近郊に赤道大気の観測所(6.4°S、106.7゜E)が開設され、流星レーダー(MWR)と境界層レーダー(BLR)が設置された。MWRにより高度75-100kmにおける水平風と温度変動が1時間と4kmの分解能で測定された。一方、BLRを用いて高度0.3-5kmの大気層の風速三成分を毎分100mの分解能で観測した。さらにBLRに音響発信器を併用したRASS(電波音響探査システム)技術により温度変動の微細構造をも測定した。これらのレーダーの運用は1992年11月のTOGA/COAREの強化観測期間に開始され、その後2年以上にわたって連続観測が続けられている。また、レーダー観測所から約100km東に位置するバンドン市のLAPAN(国立航空宇宙局、6.9°S、107.6゜E)において、1992年11月から1993年4月にかけて、ラジオゾンデを一日に4回放球し、高度約35kmまでの風速・温度変動を150mの高度分解能で測定した。その後、1993年10月から一日一回の定時観測(0GMT)も継続されている。この論文では観測所における研究活動の概要を紹介するとともに、観測結果の初期的な解析で分かった、TOGA/COARE期間中の熱帯惑星境界層の構造、対流圏内の積雲対流、ならびに赤道域中層大気における各種の大気波動の振る舞いについて速報する。