著者

沼崎 誠 松崎 圭佑 埴田 健司

出版者

日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会

雑誌

実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.119-129, 2016 (Released:2016-09-07)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1

---

身体感覚が社会的知覚や行動に影響を与えることが近年多くの研究で示されている。本研究では,持つものの柔らかさ-硬さによって生じる皮膚感覚が対人認知と自己認知に及ぼす効果を検討した。身体的温かさが性格的温かさと連合して表象していることを示す研究とHarlow(1958)の研究から,柔らかさ-硬さ感覚が性格的温かさ-冷たさと連合して表象されていると予測した。女性的ポジティブ特性,女性的ネガティブ特性,男性的ポジティブ特性,男性的ネガティブ特性の自己評定をあらかじめしていた21名の女子大学生が実験に参加した。参加者は,対人認知課題及び自己認知課題を行う間,柔らかい軟式テニスボールか硬い針金のボールを握り続けるように教示された。結果として,他者認知では,柔らかいボールを持った参加者は硬いボールを持った参加者に比べ,刺激人物が女性的ポジティブ特性を持っていると評定し,刺激人物に好意を示した。一方,自己認知では,柔らかいボールを持った参加者は硬いボールを持った参加者に比べて,男性的ネガティブ特性を持っていると評定するようになることが示された。これらの結果は,持つものの柔らかさ-硬さによって生じる皮膚感覚が,対人認知と自己認知に対して,それぞれ異なった影響を与えることを示唆する。

著者

中井 彩香 泉 明宏 沼崎 誠

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.21318, (Released:2022-09-30)

参考文献数

27

---

A new method for measuring implicit self-esteem was developed: asking a person how much they like their name. One previous study which tested the validity of this name-liking measure with using mainly Westerner as participants found that the measure was positively correlated with the self-esteem Implicit Association Test (IAT), the name-letter task, and explicit self-esteem measures. In this study, we examined whether name-liking is an indicator of implicit self-esteem in Japan. In six studies, 646 participants completed the self-esteem IAT, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and name-liking measure. Meta-analysis showed that name-liking was positively correlated with the Rosenberg self-esteem scale but not significantly correlated with the self-esteem IAT. These results suggest that, in Japan, name-liking cannot be used as a substitute for the self-esteem IAT, which is the most commonly used measure of implicit self-esteem.

著者

高林 久美子 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.141-150, 2010

被引用文献数

1

---

This study investigated how women show prejudice and stereotyping implicitly toward female subgroups. We examined the effects of primed and chronic self-representations on implicit prejudice and implicit stereotyping. We predicted that when self-representation as a traditional woman was more dominant compared to self-representation as a nontraditional woman, participants would regard housewives as more favorable than career women, and would regard the targets as stereotypic. Female participants, who had completed the Scale of Egalitarian Sex Role Attitude (SESRA), were asked to picture the future themselves as a career woman or a housewife. Then they engaged in two types of IAT to measure prejudiced responses and stereotypic responses toward female subgroups. We found that participants who were primed with their self-representations as a traditional woman enhanced implicit stereotypic responses toward female subgroups compared to those who were primed with self-representations as a nontraditional woman. We also found that traditionalists (i.e., those with low evaluations in SESRA) implicitly evaluated housewives more favorably than career women and than egalitarians (i.e., those with high evaluations in SESRA). These results suggested that prejudiced responses and stereotypic responses are independent.

著者

沼崎 誠

出版者

首都大学東京

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1-291, 2012-03

---

ステレオタイプと偏見の機能-特にシステム正当化機能-と自己ステレオタイプ化に注目して,ジェンダー・システムの再生産過程における,ジェンダー・ステレオタイプと性役割的偏見の役割について実証的研究を行った.システム正当化機能に関しては現システムへの脅威や死すべき運命や異性愛が顕現化した状況で,自我正当化機能に関しては自尊心への脅威状況で,集団正当化機能に関しては特定の自己表象が活性化した状況で,ステレオタイプ化や偏見が強まることを見いだした.ジェンダー・システムを再生産の観点からこれら結果について考察した.

著者

石井 国雄 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.25-34, 2015-08-31 (Released:2015-09-09)

参考文献数

37

---

It has been consistently demonstrated that self-threat induces automatic prejudice. The present study investigated whether men would not exhibit automatic prejudice even in the self-threat condition if the gender category was not salient. We manipulated the salience of the gender category and the threat to self-worth, and then measured automatic gender prejudice with an evaluative priming task. Our results showed that when the gender category was salient, men in the self-threat condition automatically inhibited activation of positive concepts by the woman prime compared with those in the non-threat condition. In contrast, such an effect did not emerge when the gender category was not salient. Hence, when the salience of the ingroup–outgroup category is decreased, men do not exhibit automatic prejudice even under self-threat.

著者

石井 国雄 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.24-30, 2011

---

It has been shown that people under threat to self-worth exhibit negative implicit attitudes toward minority outgroups (e.g., African Americans in North America) (Spencer, Fein, Wolfe, & Dunn, 1998). But it has not been shown that people under such threat exhibit negative implicit attitudes toward outgroups which are not likely to be negatively evaluated (e.g., women). We conducted an experiment to examine whether male participants under threat to self-worth would exhibit implicit ingroup bias related to gender by using Implicit Association Tests (IATs.) Participants received either self-image threatening feedback about initial tests or no feedback (threat vs. non-threat). They then completed gender attitude IATs. The results showed that participants exhibited stronger implicit ingroup biases related to gender in the threat condition than in the nonthreat condition. The role of threat to self-worth in men's implicit gender attitude is discussed.

著者

麻生 奈央子 坂元 章 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.156-170, 2015-03-31 (Released:2015-04-04)

参考文献数

25

---

本研究は,ロマンティック幻想(romantic fantasy:RF)の潜在測度と顕在測度の乖離について検討した。大学の女子学部学生65名(研究1)と73名(研究2)が参加し,IATで潜在RF(恋人と王子様の連合),質問紙で顕在RF(自分の恋人と王子様の連合)と理想RF(理想の恋人と王子様の連合)を測定した。その結果,(a)潜在RFは,顕在RFと有意に相関せず,理想RFと有意に正相関した。(b)潜在RFと理想RFは間接的勢力志向と有意に正相関する一方,顕在RFはそれに負相関した。(c)顕在RFは社会的望ましさと相関しなかった。これらのことから,(a)潜在RFにおいて評価されている対象は,実在する自分の恋人よりも,理想の恋人に近いこと,(b)RFの潜在・顕在測度の乖離は,顕在測度の妥当性の問題よりも,測定概念の相違に起因することなどが示唆された。

著者

武田 美亜 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.57-64, 2010

---

We examined whether Japanese dating couples have cynical intuitions about how their partners assess responsibility and whether the strength of this "naive cynicism" varies with the intimacy of the relationship. Thirty-eight undergraduates and their dating partners rated their own responsibility for six desirable and six undesirable joint activities and predicted their partner's self-ratings. They expected their partners to overestimate responsibility for desirable activities and underestimate responsibility for undesirable activities. In addition, this tendency was at least a result of their expectation that their partner's allocation of responsibility would be motivationally biased. Although partners in a more intimate relationship appeared to expect their partner's allocation of responsibility to be more biased, whether this tendency was found because of an assumption that their partner was more biased or because of the stronger self-effacing tendency of more intimate partners was not clear. Results were discussed in terms of judgmental bias in self versus others.

著者

野寺 綾 唐沢 かおり 沼崎 誠 高林 久美子

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.195-201, 2007

---

The purpose of this study is to examine the promoting effect of a fear of death on the activation of gender role stereotypes. Terror management theory proposes that when mortality is salient, people heighten the tendency to support their cultural worldview. Since stereotypes are considered to represent cultural worldview, a fear of death should increase the responses consistent with the stereotype. In this study, the activation of stereotypes regarding gender roles (e.g., "Housekeeping is a job for women.") was measured with an Implicit Association Test (IAT). Participants were 48 male undergraduate and graduate students. The results showed that the participants who completed the questionnaire implying mortality had a larger IAT effect than those who completed the questionnaire unrelated to mortality, and that death-related anxiety led to the activation of gender role stereotypes. It is claimed that terror management theory has theoretical value for studies on stereotype activation, as well as a function in justifying a system such as gender role in stereotype activation.

著者

沼崎 誠 小口 孝司

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.42-49, 1990

---

The present study tried to make a Japanese self-handicapping scale and examined the scale to measure the individual differences in self-handicapping behavior. Subjects were 428 university students. In Study 1, the self-handicapping scale (Jones et al., 1986) was translated into Japanese. The self-handicapping scale was analyzed, its items and structure were checked for reliability, and so on. As a result "SH23" that consists of 23 items was made "SH23" was negatively correlated with self-esteem scales as predicted. In Study 2, the predictive validity was confirmed. Also two factors that are the "can't" factor and the "wouldn't" factor which were extracted in Study 1 were contributed independently to predict self-handicapping behaviors.

著者

石井 国雄 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.53-60, 2009

---

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is known as a useful measure of implicit attitude. Recent study had shown that the features of the stimulus items influence the IAT effects (Bluemske & Friese, 2006; Govan & Williams, 2004). We tested whether the stereotypic stimulus items would influence the effects of a gender attitude IAT. Study 1 preliminarily showed that female participants exhibit strong implicit ingroup biases related to gender, but male participant do not. Study 2 showed that the effects of gender attitude IATs were moderated by the stereotypicality of the stimulus items. This study demonstrated that the effects of gender attitude IATs in which stereotypic items were used reflect the effects of gender attitudes and gender stereotyping.

著者

江利川 滋 山田 一成 川端 美樹 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.267-273, 2007

被引用文献数

1

---

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between affinity for television and its viewing. Data was based on a random sample of 682 people in the Tokyo metropolitan area, with a 65.0 percent response rate. Study 1 developed a Japanese version of the Television Affinity Scale (TAS), confirmed its reliability and validity, and found that the TAS provided information which could not be explained directly by demographic factors. Study 2 showed that affinity for television was positively correlated with unplanned viewing and non-concentrated television viewing. In addition, Study 2 found that viewing of entertainment programs was positively correlated to TAS score, while news program viewing was not. These results were consistent with the finding of Rubin (1984) that TAS is positively correlated with ritualized television viewing and not with instrumental viewing.

著者

沼崎 誠 小口 孝司

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.42-49, 1990-02-20 (Released:2016-11-25)

---

The present study tried to make a Japanese self-handicapping scale and examined the scale to measure the individual differences in self-handicapping behavior. Subjects were 428 university students. In Study 1, the self-handicapping scale (Jones et al., 1986) was translated into Japanese. The self-handicapping scale was analyzed, its items and structure were checked for reliability, and so on. As a result "SH23" that consists of 23 items was made "SH23" was negatively correlated with self-esteem scales as predicted. In Study 2, the predictive validity was confirmed. Also two factors that are the "can't" factor and the "wouldn't" factor which were extracted in Study 1 were contributed independently to predict self-handicapping behaviors.

著者

麻生 奈央子 坂元 章 沼崎 誠

出版者

Japan Society of Personality Psychology

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.156-170, 2015

---

本研究は,ロマンティック幻想(romantic fantasy:RF)の潜在測度と顕在測度の乖離について検討した。大学の女子学部学生65名(研究1)と73名(研究2)が参加し,IATで潜在RF(恋人と王子様の連合),質問紙で顕在RF(自分の恋人と王子様の連合)と理想RF(理想の恋人と王子様の連合)を測定した。その結果,(a)潜在RFは,顕在RFと有意に相関せず,理想RFと有意に正相関した。(b)潜在RFと理想RFは間接的勢力志向と有意に正相関する一方,顕在RFはそれに負相関した。(c)顕在RFは社会的望ましさと相関しなかった。これらのことから,(a)潜在RFにおいて評価されている対象は,実在する自分の恋人よりも,理想の恋人に近いこと,(b)RFの潜在・顕在測度の乖離は,顕在測度の妥当性の問題よりも,測定概念の相違に起因することなどが示唆された。

著者

石井 国雄 沼崎 誠 イシイ クニオ ヌマザキ マコト Ishii Kunio Numazaki Makoto

出版者

大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科対人社会心理学研究室

雑誌

対人社会心理学研究 (ISSN:13462857)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.67-76, 2012

著者

沼崎 誠 工藤 恵理子

出版者

日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会

雑誌

実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.36-51, 2003 (Released:2004-02-17)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

3 1

---

自己呈示が呈示者の能力の推定に及ぼす効果を検討した。先行研究のレビューから実験室実験とシナリオ実験の結果が異なり,この方法的問題と文化的説明が混交している可能性が示唆された。この問題を明らかにするために,日本人女子大学生を実験参加者として,実験室実験とシナリオ実験をおこなった。実験1では,実験室実験をおこなった。実験協力者は,課題の遂行前に,自分の能力に関して自己高揚的主張をおこなうか,自己卑下的主張をおこなうか,主張をしないかのいずれかの呈示をおこなった。実験協力者の遂行は高い遂行か低い遂行に操作された。自己高揚的呈示は自己卑下的呈示に比べ,実験協力者の能力を高く推定させていた。この結果は,欧米人を実験参加者としておこなわれた実験室実験での知見と整合しており,東洋人を実験参加者としておこなわれたシナリオ実験での知見と整合していなかった。実験2では,実験1の手続きを説明したシナリオを読ませ,呈示者の能力を推定させた。実験2では,呈示スタイルは能力推定に対して影響を与えなかった。これらの結果は,能力推定に対する自己呈示の効果に関して,実験室実験から得られる結果とシナリオ実験から得られる結果が異なることを示している。

著者

沼崎 誠

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.23-48, 2017 (Released:2018-07-20)

参考文献数

113

被引用文献数

3

---

The purpose of this article is to review studies on the effects of salience of heterosexuality and mating motives on both social cognition and social behaviors and to discuss implications for gender differences in the findings of these studies. First, cultural and evolutional theories that emphasized the role of heterosexuality as a factor causing gender differences are described. Next, I review experimental studies examining the effects of mate seeking motive and mate retention motive on attention, processing style, categorization, self- representation, and social behavior (e.g., strategic self-presentations, risk taking behaviors, and aggressive behaviors). The findings from this review are discussed in terms of context-dependency of gender differences. Finally, I suggest future directions for research in both gender and evolutionary psychology.

著者

石井 国雄 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.24-30, 2011-08-25 (Released:2017-02-22)

被引用文献数

1

---

It has been shown that people under threat to self-worth exhibit negative implicit attitudes toward minority outgroups (e.g., African Americans in North America) (Spencer, Fein, Wolfe, & Dunn, 1998). But it has not been shown that people under such threat exhibit negative implicit attitudes toward outgroups which are not likely to be negatively evaluated (e.g., women). We conducted an experiment to examine whether male participants under threat to self-worth would exhibit implicit ingroup bias related to gender by using Implicit Association Tests (IATs.) Participants received either self-image threatening feedback about initial tests or no feedback (threat vs. non-threat). They then completed gender attitude IATs. The results showed that participants exhibited stronger implicit ingroup biases related to gender in the threat condition than in the nonthreat condition. The role of threat to self-worth in men's implicit gender attitude is discussed.

著者

沼崎 誠

出版者

日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会

雑誌

実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.14-22, 1995

被引用文献数

1

---

セルフ・ハンディキャッピングが, セルフ・ハンディキャッパーの能力に関連する受け手の知覚と受け手のセルフ・ハンディキャッパーに対する好意とに与える効果を検討するために, 2つの実験室実験を行った。2つの実験とも, 獲得的セルフ・ハンディキャッピングの有無と主張的セルフ・ハンディキャッピングの有無が操作された。獲得的セルフ・ハンディキャッピングはセルフ・ハンディキャッパーの遂行成績を低く知覚させたが, セルフ・ハンディキャッパーの能力やセルフ・ハンディキャッパーに対する好意には影響を与えなかった。遂行成績が低く知覚された結果は, ハンディがあることにより, 受け手が遂行成績が低くなると期待したために生じ, そこから割り引き原理が働いたことにより, 能力知覚には影響しなかったと考えられる。一方, 主張的セルフ・ハンディキャッピングはセルフ・ハンディキャッパーに対する好意を低下させたが, セルフ・ハンディキャッパーの能力に関連する知覚には影響を与えなかった。これらの結果は, 印象操作方略としてのセルフ・ハンディキャッピングが, 受け手に対してはネガティブな効果を持ちやすく, ポジティブな効果が少ないことを示唆するものである。

著者

武田 美亜 沼崎 誠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.57-70, 2007

被引用文献数

1

---

We examined the effects of relationship intimacy on two types of illusion of transparency when people try to convey, rather than conceal, their internal experience: the message-sender's illusion of transparency (a tendency whereby message-senders overestimate the degree to which their intentions are correctly inferred by receivers) and the message-receiver's illusion of transparency (a tendency whereby message-receivers overestimate the degree to which they correctly infer the sender's intentions). In 2 studies, senders picked up the one among five illustrations which is the best to commumicate one of four intentions. Then they judged whether the receivers would be able to correctly infer their intentions. Receivers saw the illustrations and inferred which intention the senders were trying to communicate, then judged whether they themselves would be able to correctly infer the sender's intention. Results showed both type of illusion of transparency. In addition, the magnitude of the two types of illusion of transparency was greater in intimate relationships than in non-intimate relationships. Effects related to correspondence to audience-design were not found. The results were discussed in terms of interpersonal relationships.