著者

John T. Dorsey

雑誌

英米文學 = English & American literature

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, pp.87-104, 2016

著者

María del Carmen Marín Alexander L. Jaffe Patrick T. West Masae Konno Jillian F. Banfield Keiichi Inoue

出版者

The Biophysical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biophysics and Physicobiology (ISSN:21894779)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.e201023, (Released:2023-03-08)

被引用文献数

1

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Microbial rhodopsins are photoreceptive transmembrane proteins that transport ions or regulate other intracellular biological processes. Recent genomic and metagenomic analyses found many microbial rhodopsins with unique sequences distinct from known ones. Functional characterization of these new types of microbial rhodopsins is expected to expand our understanding of their physiological roles. Here, we found microbial rhodopsins having a DSE motif in the third transmembrane helix from members of the Actinobacteria. Although the expressed proteins exhibited blue–green light absorption, either no or extremely small outward H+ pump activity was observed. The turnover rate of the photocycle reaction of the purified proteins was extremely slow compared to typical H+ pumps, suggesting these rhodopsins would work as photosensors or H+ pumps whose activities are enhanced by an unknown regulatory system in the hosts. The discovery of this rhodopsin group with the unique motif and functionality expands our understanding of the biological role of microbial rhodopsins.

著者

村田 孝雄 T. Murata

雑誌

中京大学教養論叢 = Chukyo University bulletin of the Faculty of Liberal Arts (ISSN:02867982)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.2, pp.35-45, 1972-10-01

著者

Margo J. VAN DEN BERG T. Leigh SIGNAL Philippa H. GANDER

出版者

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2018-0233, (Released:2019-04-17)

被引用文献数

13

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Knowledge about cabin crew fatigue associated with ultra-long range (ULR) flights is still limited. Current ULR scheduling for cabin crew is therefore predominantly based on flight crew data. Cabin crews’ views on fatigue, and their strategies for mitigating it, have seldom been sought. To better understand the causes and consequences of cabin crew fatigue, semi-structured focus group discussions were held. Thematic analysis was undertaken with data from 25 cabin crew. Participants indicated that the consequences of fatigue are twofold, affecting 1) cabin crew health and wellbeing and 2) safety (cabin, passenger and personal) and cabin service. While the primary causes of fatigue were sleep loss and circadian disruption, participants also identified other key factors including: insufficient rest, high workload, the work environment, a lack of company support, and insufficient fatigue management training. They highlighted the importance of sufficient rest, not only for obtaining adequate recovery sleep but also for achieving a work-life balance. They also highlighted the need for company support, effective communication, and management’s engagement with cabin crew in general. We recommend that priority is given to fatigue management training for cabin crew, which may also enhance perceived company support and assist with achieving a better work-life balance.

著者

D.T. Potts

出版者

Oxford University Press

巻号頁・発行日

2014

著者

Gembu Maryu Haruko Miura Yoichi Uda Akira T. Komatsubara Michiyuki Matsuda Kazuhiro Aoki

出版者

Japan Society for Cell Biology

雑誌

Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18003, (Released:2018-03-17)

被引用文献数

22

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Protein kinases play pivotal roles in intracellular signal transduction, and dysregulation of kinases leads to pathological results such as malignant tumors. Kinase activity has hitherto been measured by biochemical methods such as in vitro phosphorylation assay and western blotting. However, these methods are less useful to explore spatial and temporal changes in kinase activity and its cell-to-cell variation. Recent advances in fluorescent proteins and live-cell imaging techniques enable us to visualize kinase activity in living cells with high spatial and temporal resolutions. Several genetically encoded kinase activity reporters, which are based on the modes of action of kinase activation and phosphorylation, are currently available. These reporters are classified into single-fluorophore kinase activity reporters and Förster (or fluorescence) resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based kinase activity reporters. Here, we introduce the principles of genetically encoded kinase activity reporters, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these reporters.Key words: kinase, FRET, phosphorylation, KTR

著者

大濱 徹也 T. Ohama 中京大学法学部

出版者

中京大学法学会

雑誌

中亰法學 = Chukyo hogaku (ISSN:02862654)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.A1-A80, 1976-07-10

著者

萩原 智 米山 直樹 T. Hagihara Naoki Yoneyama

雑誌

関西学院大学心理科学研究 (ISSN:21876355)

巻号頁・発行日

no.39, pp.49-57, 2013-03-25

著者

Tamio Teramoto Masahiko Kobayashi Hiromi Tasaki Hiroaki Yagyu Toshinori Higashikata Yoshiharu Takagi Kiyoko Uno Marie T. Baccara-Dinet Atsushi Nohara

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-16-0387, (Released:2016-07-22)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3 85

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Background:The ODYSSEY Japan study was designed to demonstrate the reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by alirocumab as add-on to existing lipid-lowering therapy in Japanese patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (heFH) or non-FH at high cardiovascular risk who require additional pharmacological management to achieve their LDL-C treatment goal (<2.6 or <3.1 mmol/L, depending on risk category).Methods and Results:This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 52-week study was conducted in Japan. Patients (n=216) with heFH, non-FH at high cardiovascular risk with coronary disease, or classified as category III were enrolled. The prespecified safety analysis was done after the last patient completed 52 weeks. Patients were randomized (2:1, alirocumab:placebo) with stratification for heFH to s.c. alirocumab (75 mg every 2 weeks [Q2 W] with increase to 150 mg if week 8 LDL-C ≥2.6/3.1 mmol/L) or placebo for 52 weeks plus stable statin therapy. At week 24, mean±SE change in LDL-C from baseline was –62.5±1.3% in the alirocumab group and 1.6±1.8% in the placebo group (difference, –64.1±2.2%; P<0.0001); the reduction was sustained to week 52 (alirocumab, –62.5±1.4%; placebo, –3.6±1.9%). No patterns were evident between treatment groups for adverse events at 52 weeks.Conclusions:In high-risk Japanese patients with hypercholesterolemia on stable statin therapy, alirocumab markedly reduced LDL-C vs. placebo and was well tolerated over 52 weeks.

著者

YUASA T.

出版者

一般社団法人情報処理学会

雑誌

Journal of Information Processing (ISSN:03876101)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.284-293, 1990

被引用文献数

3

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Kyoto Common Lisp (KCL for short) is a full implementation of the Common Lisp language. KCL is a highly portable Common Lisp system intended for several classes of machines, from workstations to main-frames. The key idea behind the portability is the use of the C language and its standard libraries as the interface to the underlying machines and operating systems: The kernel of the system is written in C and the rest of the system is written in Common Lisp. Even the compiler generates intermediate code in C. KCL is also an efficient and compact system: KCL regards the runtime efficiency of interpreted code as importar1t as the efficiency of compiled code. The small size of the KCL system makes KCL suitable for the current computer technology, such as the use of virtual memory and cache memory. This paper reports the implementation of KCL along with the design discussions to obtain a highly portable and yet efficient Lisp system.

著者

Nobuyuki Suzuki Ryuichi Kambayashi Ai Goto Hiroko Izumi-Nakaseko Yoshinori Takei Atsuhiko T Naito Atsushi Sugiyama

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.12, pp.645-654, 2023 (Released:2023-12-01)

参考文献数

27

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Antiparasitic ivermectin has been reported to induce cardiovascular adverse events, including orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia and cardiopulmonary arrest, of which the underlying pathophysiology remains unknown. Since its drug repurposing as an antiviral agent is underway at higher doses than those for antiparasitic, we evaluated the cardiovascular safety pharmacology of ivermectin using isoflurane-anesthetized beagle dogs (n=4). Ivermectin in doses of 0.1 followed by 1 mg/kg was intravenously infused over 10 min with an interval of 20 min, attaining peak plasma concentrations of 0.94 ± 0.04 and 8.82 ± 1.25 μg/mL, which were 29-31 and 276-288 times higher than those observed after its antiparasitic oral dose of 12 mg/body, respectively. The latter peak concentration was > 2 times greater than those inhibiting proliferation of dengue virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and hepatitis B virus in vitro. Ivermectin decreased heart rate without altering mean blood pressure, suggesting that ivermectin does not cause hypotension or tachycardia directly. Ivermectin hardly altered atrioventricular nodal or intraventricular conduction, indicating a lack of inhibitory action on Ca2+ or Na+ channel in vivo. Ivermectin prolonged QT interval/QTcV in a dose-related manner and tended to slow the repolarization speed in a reverse frequency-dependent manner, supporting previously described its IKr inhibition, which would explain Tpeak-Tend prolongation and heart-rate reduction in this study. Meanwhile, ivermectin did not significantly prolong J-Tpeakc or terminal repolarization period, indicating torsadogenic potential of ivermectin leading to the onset of cardiopulmonary arrest would be small. Thus, ivermectin has a broad range of cardiovascular safety profiles, which will help facilitate its drug repurposing.

著者

Timothy T. ROGERS

出版者

日本認知心理学会

雑誌

認知心理学研究 (ISSN:13487264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.55-62, 2018-02-28 (Released:2018-04-17)

参考文献数

11

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What causes patterns of functional specialization in the human brain? Are such responses built into our genetic inheritance, or do they arise through learning and experience with environmental structure? The nature and extent of diversity in human cognition hinges upon answers to these questions. I will discuss new work suggesting that the functional profiles of different cortical regions are jointly constrained by their long-range anatomical connectivity and by learning and experience. At a coarse scale this arrangement produces homologies across individuals with little effect of experience, but at a finer scale, substantial individual variability can be observed. I will support these arguments with reference to new brain imaging, computational modeling, and patient studies of semantic memory—the form of memory that supports knowledge about the meanings of words and objects. The convergence of methods suggests a new account of semantic representation that reconciles long-standing theoretical disputes.

著者

Mikako ITO Takuya ITOU Takeo SAKAI Marli F.C. SANTOS Yohko T. ARAI Tomohiko TAKASAKI Ichiro KURANE Fumio H. ITO

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.12, pp.1309-1313, 2001 (Released:2002-01-01)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

17 18

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Brain samples from different animal species including humans: five vampire bats, 14 cattle, 12 dogs, 11 cats, two horses, one pig, one sheep and three humans collected from various geographical regions of Brazil were found to be positive for rabies by means of the fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and the mouse inoculation test (MIT). The brain samples were retested for rabies by means of the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with 2 primer sets (P1/P2 and RHN1/RHNS3), which amplified full or partial regions on the nucleoprotein (N) gene of the rabies virus, respectively. Brain samples from five vampire bats, 13 cattle, one horse and one sheep failed to yield PCR products when the RHN1/RHNS3 primer pair was used, but all brain samples successfully yielded the products when the P1/P2 primer pair was used. These results suggest that Brazilian rabies virus isolates could be principally divided into two populations according to genetic difference.

著者

Kasada M. Yamamichi M. Yoshida T.

出版者

National Academy of Sciences

雑誌

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (ISSN:00278424)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.45, pp.16035-16040, 2014-11-11

被引用文献数

57

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遺伝的多様性の新しい影響を発見 -わずかな性質の違いが生態系を変化させる可能性-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-10-23.

著者

Takashi Maki Taichu Y. Tanaka Tsuyoshi Koshiro Atsushi Shimizu Tsuyoshi T. Sekiyama Mizuo Kajino Yasunori Kurosaki Toshiya Okuro Naga Oshima

出版者

公益社団法人 日本気象学会

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-035, (Released:2022-09-06)

被引用文献数

1

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Ensemble future climate projections were performed using the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model version 2.0 (MRI-ESM2.0) for sand and dust storms (SDS), which have a significant social, economic, and climatic impact on East Asia. A past replication experiment using MRI-ESM2.0 reproduced the decreasing trend of SDS in the Gobi Desert in the early 21st century. Prediction experiments by MRI_ESM2.0 in CMIP6 future scenarios indicated no significant differences in the total amount of SDS emissions in the Gobi Desert for 2015-2100; however, SDS emissions increased with warmer scenarios in spring and autumn. In particular, March in the highest warming scenario (SSP5-8.5) exhibited an annual increase rate in SDS emissions of 3.0% for 2015-2100. Friction velocity was the factor most highly correlated with SDS emissions, with a correlation generally higher than 0.6 for all climate scenarios throughout the year. In spring and autumn, snow cover exhibited a low negative correlation with SDS emissions, while ground temperature exhibited a positive correlation. The increase in SDS emissions and subsequent dust transport by midlatitude westerlies in spring and autumn in the accelerated warming scenarios is likely due to the changes in friction velocity and erodibility due to the decrease in snow accumulation.

著者

佐藤 晃由 K. T. Yang

出版者

社団法人 日本流体力学会

雑誌

日本流体力学会誌「ながれ」 (ISSN:02863154)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.81-87, 2000-04-30 (Released:2011-08-16)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

著者

MICHELS T.

雑誌

Desalination

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, 1993

被引用文献数

1 44 35

著者

Long Trinh-Tuan Jun Matsumoto Fredolin T. Tangang Liew Juneng Faye Cruz Gemma Narisma Jerasorn Santisirisomboon Tan Phan-Van Dodo Gunawan Edvin Aldrian Thanh Ngo-Duc

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.1-6, 2019 (Released:2019-01-19)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

7 27

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The Quantile Mapping (QM) bias correction (BC) technique was applied for the first time to address biases in the simulated precipitation over Vietnam from the Regional Climate Model (RegCM) driven by five Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) Global Climate Model (GCM) products. The QM process was implemented for the period 1986-2005, and subsequently applied to the mid-future period 2046-2065 under both Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5. Comparison with the original model outputs during the independent validation period shows a large bias reduction from 45% to 3% over Vietnam and significant improvements in representing precipitation indices (PI) after applying the QM technique. Moreover, the ensemble average of the BC products generally performed better than an individual BC member in capturing the spatial distribution of the PIs. A drier condition with a longer rainfall break, and shorter consecutive rainfall events are anticipated over Northern and Central Vietnam during their respective wet seasons in the mid-future. Furthermore, this study showed that the QM method minimally modified the future changes in PIs over most of Vietnam; thus, these corrected projections could be used in climate impacts and adaptation studies.

著者

Akira Nagasaki Saku T. Kijima Tenji Yumoto Miku Imaizumi Ayana Yamagishi Hyonchol Kim Chikashi Nakamura Taro Q.P. Uyeda

出版者

Japan Society for Cell Biology

雑誌

Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.2, pp.131-140, 2017 (Released:2017-08-31)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

2 34

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Actin, a major component of microfilaments, is involved in various eukaryotic cellular functions. Over the past two decades, actin fused with fluorescent protein has been used as a probe to detect the organization and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton in living eukaryotic cells. It is generally assumed that the expression of fusion protein of fluorescent protein does not disturb the distribution of endogenous actin throughout the cell, and that the distribution of the fusion protein reflects that of endogenous actin. However, we noticed that EGFP-β-actin caused the excessive formation of microfilaments in several mammalian cell lines. To investigate whether the position of the EGFP tag on actin affected the formation of filaments, we constructed an expression vector harboring a β-actin-EGFP gene. In contrast to EGFP-β-actin, cells expressing β-actin-EGFP showed actin filaments in a high background from the monomer actin in cytosol. Additionally, the detergent insoluble assay revealed that the majority of the detergent-insoluble cytoskeleton from cells expressing EGFP-β-actin was recovered in the pellet. Furthermore, we found that the expression of EGFP-β-actin affects the migration of NBT-L2b cells and the mechanical stiffness of U2OS cells. These results indicate that EGFP fused to the N-terminus of actin tend to form excessive actin filaments. In addition, EGFP-actin affects both the cellular morphological and physiological phenotypes as compared to actin-EGFP.Key words: actin, GFP, cytoskeleton and probe

著者

伊藤 耕介 Chun-Chieh Wu Kelvin T. F. Chan Ralf Toumi Chris Davis

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.1, pp.5-17, 2020 (Released:2020-03-26)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

1 13

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台風の移動の基礎的な理解はかなり成熟しているが、注目に値する研究の進展が近年も見られる。本論文では、単純化された順圧モデル・精緻な物理モデル・データ解析によって、主に2014年以降に得られた台風の移動に関する新しい概念や既存の概念に関する新たな知見を集約する。これには、台風の移動に関する環境場と台風の相互作用、および、予測可能性の研究を含んでいる。指向流・βジャイア・非断熱加熱といった従来の概念は依然として重要であるが、台風の進路を説明するメカニズムをより正確に理解することは、さらなる進路予報の精度向上に向けて、重要な基礎をなすであろう。