著者

増田 貴彦

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.123-124, 2020-03-31 (Released:2020-03-31)

著者

古川 秀夫 山下 京 八木 隆一郎

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, pp.171-180, 1994-03-31 (Released:2016-12-02)

被引用文献数

1

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This study was conducted in order to investigate the structure of YUTORI. YUTORI is a Japanese noun denoting a subjective sense of well-being in daily life, and has been set up as a policy objective by labor, management, and the administrative world. In the first part of study, Study I, the answers of 200 middle managers to open-ended questions about YUTORI were classified and 50 items were isolated. In Study II, the responses of 272 workers to these 50 items were both factor and cluster-analyzed, and eight factors were isolated. These eight factors were named Enjoyment, Amenity, Challenge, Leisure, Competency, Wealth, Mental health, and Behavioral freedom, respectively. In Study III, the 50 items were divided into eight sub-scales by item-analysis, and correlations between scores on the eight sub-scales and nine attributes, e.g., marriage, education, income, and working hours were examined. The implications of the results were discussed and the necessity for further research suggested.

著者

大平 英樹

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.30-37, 1989-03-15 (Released:2016-11-23)

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of self-conciousness on motives and responses of anger, especially on discrepancy between want and action of responses following anger in an everyday situation. The author administered Averill's "experience of anger" questionnaire and self-consciousness scale to 104 university students. The main foundings were as follows : (1) There were four factors in the responses which were interpreted as direct aggression, displaced aggression, suppression of anger, and nonaggressive problem-solving. (2) The higher private self-consciousness was, the smaller want-action discrepancy in direct aggression, displaced aggression, and suppression of anger. (3) The significant positive correlation was obtained between want-action discrepancy and social anxiety in nonaggressive problem-solving. (4) The significant positive correlation was obtained between public self-consciousness and self-reported justice. And the negative correlation was obtained between want-action discrepancy and justice in direct aggression and displaced aggression.

著者

佐藤 浩輔 大沼 進

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.94-103, 2013-11-30 (Released:2017-02-27)

被引用文献数

1

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The current study investigates the influence of social factors, such as self-interest and involvement, on trust and its determinants, in the context of public decision-making in government, through two scenario experiments. In both experiments, participants' involvement (high/low) and, subsequent interest in the high-involvement condition (agreed/opposed) were manipulated and two trust models were compared: a traditional model, which regards expectation about intention and competence as the component of trust; and an SVS model, which regards perceived salient value similarity as the primary determinant of trust. Two hypotheses were tested: 1) conflict of interest diminishes trust and value similarity; 2) expectation of the government's intention consistently predicts trust in government, regardless of self-interest. The results supported both hypotheses. Implications of value similarity in the context of public decision-making are discussed.

著者

藤森 立男

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.108-116, 1989-03-20 (Released:2016-11-23)

被引用文献数

1

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The present study aimed at: (1) clarifying the structure of conflict resolution strategies used in interpersonal conflict situations; (2) examining the relationship between the attribution and meta-attribution for conflict and the types of conflict resolution strategies; (3) investigating the relationship between the types of conflict resolution strategies and the outcomes of the conflict. Eighty-two male students living in university dormitories were asked to answer about conflicts they had experienced with other dormitory residents. The survey comprised three parts: a checklist of interpersonal conflicts, an interview on the subject's strategy to solve the conflict, a questionnair pertaining to the subject's cognition of the conflict and conflict outcome. The main results can be summarized as follows: (1) Conflict resolution strategies could be rated along two dimensions as restrained-unyielding, restrained-reconciliatory, promotive-unyielding and promotive-reconciliatory according to the subject's attribution and meta-attribution for conflict and their respective power. (2) The Conflict outcomes (resolution of the conflict, duration of the conflict, satisfaction with the outcome, attraction for the partner after the conflict) were determined by the types of conflict resolution strategies. The restrained-unyielding type and the restrained-reconciliatory type were less effective than the other two types, in that the subjects were likely to be dissatisfied with the conflict outcome. Moreover, the restrained-unyielding type was less likely to provide with a resolution to the conflict.

著者

渡辺 聡

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.3, pp.172-179, 1992-03-31 (Released:2016-11-30)

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When consumers buy certain products, they sometimes seek information about the product class and sometimes not. Many literatures have shown that consumers make less effort to acquire information when they are less involved with the product class. Then, if information seeking by word-of-mouth is easier and costs less than information seeking by mass media, those consumers who are less involved with the product class will depend upon word-of-mouth more than the more involved consumers. This study examined this hypothesis by giving questionaires to 214 female college or university students. The product class chosen here was cosmetics. The results showed that information seeking by word-of-mouth is an easier way to aquire information, and that if consumers are less involved with the product class, they depend more upon word-of-mouth for getting information about the product clans.

著者

森本 裕子

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.118, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-04-01)

著者

村上 幸史

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.30-41, 2009-08-31 (Released:2017-02-20)

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After obtaining positive results from uncertain events, individuals tend to feel confident in their skills (Langer, 1975). However, according to popular usage like lay theory, the word "lucky" carries relatively negative connotations for some people. This reflects the idea of "Luck Resource Belief," whereby luck supposedly decreases if it is consumed. In this study, we developed and administered a scale to survey this personal belief. We compared attitudes toward forthcoming uncertain events in the aftermath of a lucky or unlucky lotto outcome from the perspective of the "Luck Resource Belief." Results showed that when individuals adhering to the Luck Resource Belief obtained "lucky" lotto results, confidence and risky choices with regard to subsequent uncertain events were reduced. Such results have been discussed with regard to the Gambler's fallacy, anticipated regret, and mental simulation (Kahneman & Tversky, 1982).

著者

山本 明

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.152-164, 2004

被引用文献数

3

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The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effects of mass media reports on risk perception and images of victims. Study 1, which examined newspaper articles about human deaths, revealed that: (1) the ages of dead persons tended to be reported in headlines when they were very young or very old, and (2) suicides were reported more, while murders were reported less relative to actual rate of occurrence per population. Study 2 conducted through a survey revealed that: (1) the main information source of traffic accidents, fires, suicides, and murders was the mass media, and (2) more than half of respondents had some personal experiences with traffic accidents (more than 80%) and fire (more than 50%). Also, it was apparent that (3) the respondent's estimates and the amount of exposure to mass media reports about the distribution of dead persons over a lifetime period were correlated. The implications of these findings and future problems to be solved were discussed.

著者

正木 郁太郎

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.61, 2021-07-31 (Released:2021-07-31)

著者

繁桝 江里 池田 謙一

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.30-40, 2003

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This research examined the effects of conversational restraint, called "Restraint on Negative Feedback (RNF)" on the relational partner's dissatisfaction with interpersonal relationship, which are assumed to be influenced by two factors : 1) whether the partner's perception/estimation of the actor's RNF is correct or incorrect, and 2) whether the partner's evaluation of RNF is positive or negative. Dyadic data obtained by a snowball-sampling mail survey revealed that 41% of the partners' perception/estimation of the actors' RNF were incorrect, and that even these misunderstandings had effects on the partners' dissatisfaction with the relationship. Especially in relationships where the partner's evaluations of RNF were negative, these misunderstandings generated positive illusions when the partner underestimated the actors' RNF, and negative illusion when they overestimated his/her RNF. These findings indicated the importance of considering the above two factors in dyadic data inquiring into interpersonal effects of RNF.

著者

松浦 常夫

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.1-10, 2003-08-06 (Released:2017-01-13)

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Both field observations of passengers in cars and accident analyse were conducted to clarify the influences of passengers on automobile accidents. Items investigated in both studies included the age and gender of both driver and passenger, and the number of passengers. We used data on accidents occurring in the Tsukuba area (N=957), where observational studies were conducted (N=2682). An accident case study (N=206) was also done to examine the types of passenger-related effects. Log-linear analysis indicated that accident risk was higher when carrying two or more passengers or when driving alone than when carrying only one passenger, and risk was also higher when males or children were passengers. These passenger effects were discussed in terms of communication, distraction, and conformity to passenger norms.

著者

大渕 憲一

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.166, 2008-11-30 (Released:2017-02-10)

著者

武井 秀夫

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.135-144, 1993-03-31 (Released:2016-12-01)

被引用文献数

2

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Medical anthropological research in the last twenty years has shown clearly that medicine is a cultural system which can be studied in the same manner as kinship, religion, politics, and so forth. In this paper, basic medical anthropological notions about illness experience are presented, and the theoretical development of analytical frameworks for discourse of patients, their family members, and health practitioners is outlined, with additional commentaries by the author, in order to make it clear the relevance of these notions and frameworks for the modern biomedically-oriented medical practice. Fmphasized throughout the paper are the significance of the meaning of illness experience for the patients, and that helping them cope with their suffering is a primary function of medicine.

著者

森永 康子

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.97-104, 1994-03-25 (Released:2016-12-02)

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Gender differences in work values were examined among Japanese college students. Factor analyses indicated that work values formed slightly different factors between genders, suggesting that men and women perceived work values differently. In comparison to men, women attached greater importance to various aspects of work values (i.e., intellectual stimulation, family, social contribution, and comfortable work environment). Men placed higher values on achievement than women did. The relationships between attitudes toward women's roles and work values were also investigated. Gender role attitudes did not strongly relate to women's values on achievement. Intellectual stimulation was valued higher by women of liberal attitudes than those of traditional attitudes. Men showed significant relationships between gender role attitudes and some aspects of work values. Men of traditional attitudes attached higher importance to achievement and comfortable work environment, and lower importance to family, than those of liberal attitudes. These results were discussed in relation to career aspirations and vocational behavior.

著者

佐藤 達哉

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.197-208, 1993

被引用文献数

1

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In Japan, not a few Japanese people may believe that blood group polymorphisms of the ABO system are related to personality differences. Blood-typing is regarded here as a lay people's personality theory. The aim of this study is to understand that how people use this theory and that what functions the theory Serves. Subjects are students of a university and those of a nursing-school. 7 hypotheses derived are bellow. 1) this theory is popular among these subjects, 2) most of subjects cannot tell whether this theory is valid or not, 3) when someone begins to talk about the topics, conversations would be maintained for a while, 4) this theory can tell about both individuals and personal relationships. and this theory is useful for both beginning conversations and self-presentation at interpersonal situations, 5) contents of this theory are made of generalizations, 6) guesses of others' blood types are influenced by both theory's criteria and impressions of others, 7) evaluations to minor blood groups (B and AB) are relatively negative. After discussing the validity of blood-typing as a personality theory, the implications of this study are discussed.

著者

渡辺 席子

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.77-86, 1995-01-31 (Released:2016-12-03)

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This study investigates the roles that two types of information-prototype and exemplar-play in the formation of "blood type stereotypes." The result of a questionnaire study (with 112 college students) confirmed hypotheses concerning the role played by these two types of information. A substantial discrepancy was found between the subjects' beliefs about the blood type-relevant personality traits and the commonly and publicly assumed blood type traits. There also found a substantial variation in subjects' beliefs in this respect. It was found that the exemplar information played an important role, at least among some respondents, in the formation of the "blood type stereotype," such that subjects generalized their personality traits as the traits typical to people with the blood type of their own. The other respondents, on the other hand, seemed to have formed the "blood type stereotype" by adopting the prototypical personality traits commonly believed to characterize people of their blood type.

著者

上瀬 由美子 松井 豊

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.3, pp.170-179, 1996-03-30 (Released:2016-12-04)

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the course of stereotype changes on cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. The blood-groups stereotype widespread in Japan was used for the study. One hundred and four female undergraduate students (average age 20.2) attended a lecture given by one of the authors concerning the denail of the blood-groups stereotype. For three times the students responded to the questionnaires about blood-groups stereotype: immediatelybefore, immediately after, and three months after the lecture. Statistically significant changes werefound in cognitive and affective components of the attitude, but not in the behavioral component. Although in the cognitive component the attitude changed in support of the 'bookkeeping model', inthe affective component some of the students changed according to 'conversion model'. The cognitive component did not change when 'subtyping' was formed.

著者

西田 公昭 浦 光博 桑原 尚史 榧野 潤

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.46-55, 1988-11-25 (Released:2016-11-22)

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Two processes intermediating conversation in social interaction of dyadic relationship were examined. In the first process, some antecedent factors such as task situation, interpersonal relationship and personal difference influence on conversation process. In the second process, the conversation influence on some interaction of the dyadic relationship. In our experiment, we set a topic of conversation into a decision making in problem-solving conversation as the task situation. And a degree of intimacy (high or low) as interpersonal factor and combinations of self-monitoring tendency (high-high high-low low-low) as personal factor were manipulated. 112 undergraduates were administrated self-monitoring scale. And 61 dyads were made of them and were measured their degrees of intimacy. After that, they are engaged in conversation about a given topic that is asked to make a decision. And then, they were asked to answer a questionnaire that survey social interaction. The results were as follows; (1) The total numbers of protocols in the conversation were influenced by intimacy. (2) The numbers of protocols which represent the qualitative differences of the conversation were influenced by intimacy and by combinations of self-monitoring tendency. (3) The qualitative differences of the conversation influenced on the cognitions and the evaluations to the conversation process and the partner.

著者

横田 晋大 中西 大輔

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.75-82, 2012-01-31 (Released:2017-02-22)

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Previous research has shown that ingroup cooperation tends to flourish in intergroup conflict situations. However, the free-rider problem remains unsolved, even in intergroup conflict situations. In this study, based on multi-group selection theory and cultural-group selection theory, we hypothesized that conformity (frequency-dependent behavior) may contribute to enhancing ingroup cooperation. The results of an evolutionary simulation revealed that ingroup cooperation and conformity can evolve in situations of intergroup conflict. When such conflict is mild, agents who cooperate with ingroup members and adjust their behavior to ingroup cooperation rates facilitate cooperation in their own group. However, no effect of conformity on ingroup cooperation was observed during intense intergroup conflict, even though conformity continued to evolve. We discuss the implications of these results and suggest avenues for future research.