著者

林 幹也 井出野 尚

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2PM-022, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

畑野 快 杉村 和美 中間 玲子 溝上 慎一 都筑 学

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.85.13319, (Released:2014-10-01)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

3 7

---

This study aimed to develop a 12-item version of the Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory (the 5th stage) (EPSI (5th)) and examine its reliability and validity. University students (N = 545) participated in this study. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that a two-factor model provided a better fit than alternative one-factor models. An analysis of Cronbach’s α coefficients and the test-retest method showed acceptable scale reliability. In accordance with our hypotheses, correlation analyses revealed that the EPSI (5th) subscale scores (i.e., synthesis and confusion) were significantly related to measures of self-esteem, life satisfaction with life, and identity confusion. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

著者

相羽 美幸 太刀川 弘和 Lebowitz Adam J.

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.5, pp.473-483, 2019 (Released:2019-12-25)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

3

---

The interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide proposes that suicide occurs in the presence of three factors: perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and acquired capability for suicide. The Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) was developed to assess the first two factors, and the Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale (ACSS) was developed for the third. Our study presented here developed and evaluated Japanese versions of the INQ and ACSS, and determined the best ones for Japanese samples. In Study 1, we asked 189 university undergraduates to evaluate each scale’s clarity. In Study 2, 812 undergraduates were asked about the INQ, the ACSS, and validity items, and 225 undergraduates participated in a second survey approximately one-month from the initial survey for test-retest reliability. In Study 3, 104 psychiatric patients completed the INQ and ACSS and were asked about suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt. Content, structural, generalizability, and external validity results showed that each version of the INQ and ACSS demonstrated acceptable validity. Our comprehensive evaluation provides evidence that INQ-10/INQ-15, and ACSS-5/ACSS-FAD can yield reliable data from Japanese-language population samples.

著者

井上 美沙 有光 興記

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第83回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3B-023, 2019-09-11 (Released:2020-09-26)

著者

田巻 義孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.67-82, 1994-04-20 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

137

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The thalidomide catastrophe in 1959-1962 has given great impetus to the basic research interests in the adverse effects of various insults on germ cells, embryos, fetuses, and immature postnatal individuals. It has called further attention to behavioral ability to learn or respond appropriately to a changing environment in the offspring that are prenatally exposed to various insults, even though the insults have negligible or no congenital malformations. The new field, behavioral teratology, obtained independence from its mother field teratology in the mid 1970s. The fact that most behavioral alterations can be traceable to adverse influences in the environment does not necessarily mean that it has given insight into the mechanism by which these behavioral deviations took place in developmental processes. Cause-and-effect relationships in behavioral teratogenicity are not always apparent, and thereby behavioral teratology retains distinctive methodological problems.

著者

松永 昌宏 村上 裕樹 山川 香織 磯和 勅子 大平 英樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第74回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1PM123, 2010-09-20 (Released:2018-12-22)

著者

山内 健司 反田 智之 前澤 知輝 河原 純一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第83回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1B-048, 2019-09-11 (Released:2020-09-26)

著者

武藤 世良

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.95-101, 2016 (Released:2016-04-25)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

5 5

---

This study examined the reproducibility of the hierarchical semantic structure of respect-related emotions and the prototypical meaning of sonkei (respect) in modern Japanese people. Participants, ages 20–79, rated the semantic similarity of 153 pairs of 18 respect-related words used in previously published work. Hierarchical cluster analysis (n = 515) showed almost the same semantic organization as the previous study. The highest level of abstraction consisted of “person-focus respect, emotional attitude” and “action-focus respect, emotional state.” The basic level consisted of (a) respect mingled with mild love; (b) ought-respect (respect as moral duty); (c) idolatry (worship and adoration); (d) awe mingled with fear; (e) admiration; and (f) wonder. The word sonkei was included in category (a). Additional analyses were conducted according to age. The results revealed that the basic categories seen in adults ages 60–79 differed from those in the whole sample and that sonkei was included in the category which could be considered as ought-respect. These findings suggest that the semantic organization of respect-related emotions is gradually changing under the influence of modern culture.

著者

中村 志緒梨 坂井 信之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, pp.2A-041-2A-041, 2017

著者

李 受珉 中島 健一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第83回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2C-024, 2019-09-11 (Released:2020-09-26)

著者

道家 瑠見子 村田 光二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第71回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3AM018, 2007-09-18 (Released:2018-08-15)

著者

小川 昭利 横山 諒一 亀田 達也

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.366-375, 2017 (Released:2017-10-25)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

1 4

---

Theory-of-mind (ToM) has been extensively studied using neuroimaging, with the goal of finding a neural basis for ToM and its associate emotional and cognitive processes. In neuroimaging, a functional localizer is used when a region of interest needs to be identified in a way that is statistically independent of the main experiment. The original ToM localizer (ToM-L) for functional magnetic resonance imaging (Dodell-Feder et al., 2011) measures brain activity when a set of English sentences and related questions are read and answered by participants. We developed a linguistically localized version of the ToM-L for use with Japanese speakers, and evaluated it by scanning 70 participants. The results showed that this localizer could be used to define individual ToM-related areas, requiring about one-third of the scanning time of the original ToM-L while maintaining its statistical ability to identify individual ToM-related brain regions.

著者

大日向 達子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.5, pp.311-319, 1956 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

4 1

---

The present study on the instrumental conditioning of color discrimination by pigeons was undertaken to determine whether the learning was based on absolute or on relative discrimination. It was assumed that if the learning was based upon relative discrimination, the luminance relation of the stimuli would be transferred regardless of their wave-length and, on the other hand, if it was based upon absolute discrimination, pigeons would respond to wave-lengths without regards to luminance relations.The entire experiment was divided into two major parts, Exp. I and II, each of which comprised two groups of experiments, A1 and B1 in the case of Exp. I and A2 and B2 in the casg of Exp. II. Each group was subdivided further into four unit-experiments, 1, 2, 3 and 4. Thus, the total number of unit-experiments was 16. The experiment was conducted with the Skinner Box and with 32 pigeons as subjects, 2 pigeons participating in one unit-experiment.Each unit-experiment contained 3 problems, 1st, 2nd and 3rd, given in this order. The purpose was to see if each succeding problem was learned more rapidly than the one preceding.Stimuli and Procedure-Four colors, red, yellow, green and blue whose dominant wave-lengths were 675.6, 574.9, 538.6 466.5mμ respectively were chosen as stimulus materials. Each of these four colors was paired with each of the other three colors. The luminance ratio of the two colors in the pair was 6 : 1, the lighter one being the positive stimulus that was reinforced. The stimuli were presented one by one in random order, each for 12 seconds through filters. The number of reinforcements per day was 32 and the criterion of learning was set at 95 percent correct response. The general plan of experiments is summarized in Table 1 and 2. The mention must be made that in Exp. I, A1 and Exp. II, A2 the color pairs used in the 3rd problem were brighter than those used in the 1st and 2nd problems and in Exp. I, B1 and Exp. II, B2 the pairs in the 2nd problem were brighter than those used in the 1st and 3rd problems. In either case, the luminance ratio of the two colors in the pair was kept 6 : 1.Results-Errors made during 32 reinforcements in the preceding problem were compared with those made in the succeeding problems and the following facts were found :Table 1Plan of Exp. I.Transfer of learning of the 1st problem to the 3rd problem was based upon the luminance relation of the stimuli in both Exp. I, A1 and B1. This clearly is a case of relative discrimination.In Exp. II, A2 the pigeons showed both relative discrimination of luminance and absolute discrimination of wave-length, however, in B2 they showed only absolute discrimination.Transfer of learning of the 2nd to the 3rd was based almost on absolute discrimi-Table 2Plan of Exp. II.nation in Exp. I and relative discrimination in Exp. II.The learning of the 3rd problems in Exp. I and II was accelerated in comparison with the original learning.

著者

梅垣 佑介 木村 真人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.5, pp.430-439, 2012 (Released:2013-03-01)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

9 6

---

The present study investigated the effect of optimistic bias on help-seeking intentions and behaviors in relation to health care professionals and nonprofessionals for depressive symptoms. In addition, the study tested the hypothesis that seeking help from professionals poses a greater threat for self-esteem than from non-professionals. A questionnaire survey (N = 462) using clinical vignettes was conducted with university students. The results suggested that optimistic bias had an impact on help-seeking intentions and behaviors directed towards both health care professionals and nonprofessionals. There seemed to be a relatively stronger threat to self-esteem in help-seeking involving nonprofessionals and a weaker threat in help-seeking involving professionals, contrary to previous studies. The results were explained by the threat to self-esteem and equity theories. Understanding the rationale of optimistic bias and symptom recognition in the help-seeking process may provide relevant information to bridge the service gap in the treatment of depression.

著者

河合 輝久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.1, pp.42-52, 2019 (Released:2019-04-25)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 2

---

This study investigated the recognition of and first aid strategies for depression in a close friend among Japanese university students. A total of 1,500 university students were asked to identify what was wrong with a vignette portraying depression and to report their first aid strategies or intentions. First, only 26.14% of participants correctly identified the person as having depression. Second, although the most common responses to the vignette were to listen to the person or to intend to do so non-judgmentally; much less common responses were to encourage professional help-seeking and to intend to do so. Japanese university students were less likely to intend to use the range of helpful first aid strategies while also taking care of themselves. Third, correctly recognizing depression was positively correlated with helpful first aid strategies and intentions (except for listening non-judgmentally in the depression vignette and encouraging self-help), and was negatively correlated with harmful first aid strategies. There is room for improving first aid strategies in Japanese university students when considering depression.

著者

山田 雅子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, pp.1PM-018-1PM-018, 2018

著者

植村 友里 松本 良恵 神 信人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.85.12015, (Released:2014-06-01)

参考文献数

26

---

Why do people behave altruistically toward others, even in situations where nobody would observe their behavior? We formulated the following hypothesis regarding this question: “Reputations are decided by behaviors in situations that nobody can observe, rather than by behaviors in situations that can be observed by others.” The validity of this hypothesis was examined through a Prisoner’s Dilemma experiment. In the first stage, participants played the Prisoner’s Dilemma game in a situation where nobody could observe them. In the second stage, participants selected another partner in the game, based on information about their behavior in the first stage. The results indicated that participants tended to choose people that behaved altruistically in situations where nobody could observe them. Furthermore, this tendency was stronger with cooperative participants. These results support the hypothesis of this study.

著者

加藤 久美子 菅村 玄二 中村 菜々子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第79回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3AM-081, 2015-09-22 (Released:2020-03-27)

著者

田村 達

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2AM-019, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

小熊 虎之助

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.96, pp.680-691, 1919