著者
伊藤 美奈子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.1, pp.18-24, 1994-04-20 (Released:2010-07-16)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
1

The degree of integration of contrasting traits in the person may be an index of personal maturity. This study examined such an integration process from the framework of individual and social orientedness. Subjects, 118 male and 329 female students, were asked to fill out an orientedness scale, a short version of TSPS: a measure of the two-sidedness of personality, and a self-esteem scale. Results showed that for those high on one-sidedness, individual orientedness turned out to be the sole factor, clearly bisecting those high and low on self-esteem and other traits. High correlations of self-esteem with traits like leadership and activity seem to indicate that the highly one-sided use a single dimension for their judgments. On the other hand, when one-sidedness was low, both individual and social orientedness became necessary, and ratings of personality traits moderate. Self-esteem correlated with flexibility and deliberateness, showing both active and reflective tendencies. As for the orientedness, individual orientedness is related to active traits and self-esteem, while social orientedness correlated with both active and reflective traits, implying moderate characteristics for the person's personality.
著者
仲 真紀子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.83, no.4, pp.303-313, 2012 (Released:2013-01-01)
参考文献数
43
被引用文献数
12 8

We investigated how different ways of interviewing, i.e., free recall (FR), free recall with context reinstatement (CR), asking misleading questions (Q), or interviewing with open-ended questions (O) affect children's eyewitness reports and their subsequent memory of a viewed event. Participants were 249 eight and ten year-old children. Children were shown a video, and then were interviewed using either FR, CR, Q, or O, followed by an immediate recognition test, and a delayed recall and recognition tests several days later about the event. Results showed that O interviews elicited a greater amount of accurate information than FR, CR, and Q interviews. For older children, CR interviews elicited more accurate information than FR and Q interviews without eliciting inaccurate information. However, for younger children, the subsequent recognition memory for the event was more accurate for children who were interviewed using FR and O. These results suggest that O is the most effective way of conducting investigative interviews with children not only to elicit accurate information but also to keep their memories relatively intact.