著者

成 旻起 加藤 信介 田中 堤子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.639, pp.621-627, 2009-05-30 (Released:2009-11-30)

参考文献数

12

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UVGI (Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation) system is recently considered for the sterilization of indoor air and practically applied to the buildings where need hygienic control mainly in America and Europe. In this study, the factors influencing the germicidal effect such as UV intensity and exposure time were reviewed and the several methods to evaluate the germicidal efficacy of UR (Upper Room)-UVGI system were introduced. The methods mainly use CFD simulation to calculate UV dose, considering the distribution of UV intensity of UR-UVGI system and the air flow induced by air handling system in a room. The methods were applied to a typical 4-patient ward model. Results showed that the positions of UR-UVGI system and supply or exhaust openings are important for UV dose. For example, spatial average UV dose decrease when UR-UVGI system is installed near the exhaust openings. Similar results were shown in the cases that the contaminants assumed to be exhausted from the mouth of patient. In the cases assuming infectious microbe flow in through supply openings or breathing of occupant, the germicidal efficacy of UR-UVGI could be evaluated with the methods.

著者

有馬 雄祐

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.785, pp.680-691, 2021-07-30 (Released:2021-07-30)

参考文献数

48

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Studies about well-being (WB) have been used to build an interdisciplinary research area centered on positive psychology and economics of happiness. WB research is characterized by active use of subjective data about one’s life, called subjective wellbeing (SWB), as indicators of the quality of an individual’s life or their society. SWB has various domains, including ones related to cognitive and emotional well-being, and each has different determinants. For example, life satisfaction, which is the cognitive aspect of SWB, is strongly correlated with income, while emotional well-being has a relatively strong correlation with health and social relationships. There are various theories about SWB’s composition, and the OECD has defined three basic domains of SWB: life evaluation (life satisfaction), emotion (affect, mood), and eudaimonia. Conventional research for assessing residential environments has used “housing satisfaction” as a subjective indicator of housing quality, which belongs to the “cognitive evaluation” domain. However, based on the findings of WB research, it can be inferred that there are diverse subjective domains related to housing quality. Therefore, in the current study, we attempted to construct home-related subjective well-being (HOME-SWB) based on the OECD’s SWB definition: “home satisfaction,” “positive emotions at home,” “negative emotions at home,” and “eudaimonia derived from home.” “Home satisfaction” is the cognitive aspect of HOME-SWB, which is similar to the conventional subjective indicator, housing satisfaction. “Positive emotions at home” includes the frequency of positive emotional experiences at home, such as feeling happy, cheerful, or joyful, while “negative emotions at home” includes the frequency of negative emotional experiences, such as feeling depressed, stressed out, or lonely at home. “Eudaimonia derived from home” indicate to what extent residents obtain experiences of eudaimonic well-being from their homes, such as self-esteem and the sense that life is worth living. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of HOME-SWB among 4,000 residents in the Tokyo area and the determinants of each domain of HOME-SWB using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis. Our assessment shows that HOME-SWB is closely related to demographics; for example, the relationship between home satisfaction and age is a U-shaped curve, which is similar to the well-known relationship between life satisfaction and age. Therefore, we conducted OLS regression by controlling demographic variables, including gender, age, and household income, and the results show that each domain of HOME-SWB has unique relationships with them. For example, the size of a house strongly affects home satisfaction but not positive emotions or eudaimonic aspects. Having a nice view from windows or a high level of thermal insulation has a relatively strong effect on emotional HOME-SWB. Proactive ways of living in a home, such as being picky about furniture and the interior of one’s home or frequently redecorating rooms, enhance the eudaimonic aspects, such as self-esteem and optimism. When we use conventional subjective information to measure housing satisfaction as an indicator of housing quality, it is noted that the importance of the housing elements that strongly affect cognitive well-being, such as the size of a house, are overestimated, while the importance of elements that have an impact on the emotional and eudaimonic aspects of HOME-SWB are underestimated. There are various subjective domains related to housing quality; therefore, we can conclude that we must measure various domains of HOME-SWB when assessing home-related well-being based on residents’ subjective information.

著者

畑 智子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.532, pp.231-238, 2000

参考文献数

29

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From the study of the Japanese buildings and the exhibits at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904, St. Louis, it came to clear that Japanese buildings were built in the three areas, Japanese government place, each Japanese section of the exhibition buildings by the U.S.A., and in the 'PIKE' that was an entertainment place. All Japanese buildings were traditional Japanese style, and made by Japanese carpenters like the exhibition at Philadelphia 28 years ago. But we can recognize some element of transformation in the technique and the materials in that buildings. It is one of the transitional time at the fair of St. Louis through the international exhibitions in 19-20th century.

著者

石戸 拓朗 伊香賀 俊治 川久保 俊

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

環境工学I

巻号頁・発行日

no.2018, pp.965-966, 2018-07-20

著者

村上 雅英

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.785, pp.1068-1073, 2021-07-30 (Released:2021-07-30)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

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The formula for the full plastic nail arrangement modulus Zpxy which is used in the calculation of the ultimate shear capacity of the sheathed shear walls with any nail arrangement was theoretically derived by using the upper bound theorem.The unknown values are the rotation ratio (θx/θy) and the neutral axis positions (xo and yo) in the calculation.The difference between the calculation with the elastic values and the plastic values as unknown values is within 1.5%.

著者

橋本 都子 上野 佳奈子 倉斗 綾子 赤松 佳珠子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.645, pp.2347-2355, 2009-11-30 (Released:2010-04-01)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

5 4

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This study investigated the evaluation of ‘impression’ and sound environment for open plan type classrooms by elementary school children and teachers. From the results, it has been found that the children and teachers have good impressions for open-plan type classrooms. From evaluation of teachers, there was indication that an area around a desk of a child was narrow. From the evaluation of children, we understand that good ventilation, moderate brightness, sufficient space and adequate room temperature were important elements for classroom environment. In cases of schools, which were designed in consideration for acoustical environmental benefit, there were no effective evaluation given by children even though the acoustic characteristics improved. The challenge for the future design of open-plan classroom in elementary school is the realization of open-plan spaces with visual connections that retain the good impressions with high level of acoustic environment.

著者

鈴木 博之

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会論文報告集 (ISSN:03871185)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.226, pp.85-94,105, 1974

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Christopher Dresser (1834-1904) was an unique designer in the history of modern design. Many art historians, for example, Sir Nikolaus Pevsner in his "Pioneers of Modern Design" and Robert Schmutzler in his "Art Nouveau-Jugendstil", highly appreciated him as a revolutional designer. Dresser's design seems very functional and "modern". But it was not only the result of functional study but also the result of looking into fundamental form. It is true that he studied function of the shape of the pot, but it was only one of his interests. At the same time, he was deeply interested in the study of natural form and of an artistic arrangement of decorative forms. In 1873, he published "the Principles of Decorative Design", which had close relation to Owen Jones' "The Grammer of Ornament" and even to A.W.N. Pugin's "The True Principles of Pointed or Christian Architecture" in 1841. These authors were inquiring into fundamental form and arrangement of decoration. Pugin's principles were based on the Catholic religion, Owen Jones' principles were based on the natural forms. And Dresser found the Energy and the Force as his basic principles for design. Dresser's principles, however, were not completely abstruct ones. He, then, caught a chance to visit Japan. His travelling through Japan from 1877 to 1878 shows characteristics of the principles of his design. He visited Yokohama, Kobe, Osaka, Nara, Kyoto, Nikko, Tokyo and many other places. He was interested in many of Japanese designs, especially, in such decorative designs as mausolea at Nikko and Shiba. It seems that the decorative arrangement in Japanese Art greatly inspired him, and that he had confidence that his principles were true. After returning to Britain, he created many revolutional designs. In these designs, however, we could not find any Japanese motives. But he must have been greatly inspired by Japanese Art. He was inspired not by forms but by the method of convention and arrangement of them. Contents of the thesis are as follows. I. Introduction II. Chronology III. Dresser and Cole's Circle and the South Kensington IV. Travelling to Japan in 1877 V. Controversies on "Japanese Village" and against J. Conder VI. Dresser's Principles

著者

高橋 正明

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1645, 2013-05-20

参考文献数

2

著者

西川 亮 中島 直人 窪田 亜矢 西村 幸夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.740, pp.2597-2607, 2017 (Released:2017-10-30)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

3 5

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This research focuses on the city planning of Beppu city before WW2. Beppu is one of the famous tourist destinations in Japan since late modern period. Its start of city planning was a road development project started in 1906. It lasted for about 20years and the road of the Beppu city changed to grid patterns. After city status were given to Beppu in 1924, the discussion about the city planning of Beppu city started. Because Beppu had unique characteristics as a tourist destination, city planning engineers from the Japanese government had much interest in and expectation to the planning. On the other hand, engineers from Oita prefecture and Beppu city, who were in charge of the planning, struggled with the methodology to plan. The city planning law was applied to Beppu city in 1927 and just after that Mr. Hiroyuki Kayanoki, an engineer from the Home Ministry, visited Beppu city and decided the vision of Beppu city as “the city with a scenic view and hot spring”. Along the lines of the vision, engineers from Oita prefecture and Beppu city cooperated and worked together on the planning of streets in 1932 and land use in 1935. Characteristics as a tourist destination were reflected in the planning of them. As for the streets, the railway track and the street was planned as grade intersections to avoid the atmosphere of the tourist destination. As for the land use, the ratio of the industrial areas was only 3% of the city planning area. However, the planning regarding streets and the use of land only covered the city central area and most of the suburbs had no city planning. This situation encouraged Beppu city to make plans on its own in 1937, which was called as “Sento Toshi Keikaku (Hot spring capital city planning)”. Beppu city created the plan with the help of Dr. Tokutaro Kitamura, who was an engineer from the Home Ministry, and Prof. Eitaro Sekiguchi, who was a specialist of landscape architecture. It included the planning of streets, parks and tourist facilities. Also Dr. Tokutaro Kitamura was in charge of the planning of scenic districts. The scenic districts surrounded the city area. Not only natural areas but also tourist attractions and recreation areas for residents were also included in the scenic districts. Even after the Sino-Japanese war was started in July 1937, Beppu city continued making efforts to realize the plan. One large park was created following the Sento Toshi Keikaku with the help of a private company in 1942. Three large land readjustment plans were designed to control over lands, which were owned by owners outside Beppu city. In the previous research, it was mentioned that the city planning technique for the tourist destination before WW2 was the “park system”, which connects parks by roads. However, in Beppu, one of the famous tourist destinations in Japan, how to control land and space were one of the issues to be solved by city planning techniques.

著者

青柳 憲昌

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.654, pp.2073-2080, 2010-08-30 (Released:2010-10-08)

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The design for the reconstruction of the primitive dwellings at the remains of Toro was entrusted to Masaru Sekino who had been got involved with this nationally monumental research project from the beginning when the site was discoverd in 1943. In the process of making an “ideal” form of the dwellings, Sekino focused on giving a reasonable structural system to the image of ancient dwellings shown in archaeological relics, which was based on his architectural thought relating to the concept of design(style) and technology. In order to recreate the original design, as a consequence, original building technique, such as construction process, details of joints of structural members, and especially its structural system, was deliberately and eagerly recreated grounded on inevitably scarce academic evidences that was to be completed with his “imaginary restoration,” although adding structural reinforcement in the back or anti-deterioriation devices due to the actual demands as a contemporary construction.

著者

近藤 靖史 長澤 康弘 藤本 哲夫 田坂 太一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.634, pp.1361-1368, 2008-12-30 (Released:2009-10-28)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 3

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The insulation materials are used to improve thermal performance of buildings and their performance should be kept in required value during building life time, however long term change of thermal conductivity is observed for most of insulation materials. It is well known that the thermal conductivity of insulation foams increases with time due to the emission of the blowing agents from the insulation foams and the transfer of the air into them. In this paper, the aging of thermal conductivity in various insulation foams is discussed with measured data and numerical analysis. Two kinds of accelerated test are conducted and the aging characteristics of various foams are examined. The estimation equations of thermal conductivity change of insulation foams are shown and applied to the measured materials. The effective diffusion coefficient of the blowing agents is obtained by comparing the simulation results and the measured value.

著者

ハセガワ ミツヒロ カワギシ ウメカズ Gonchigbat Ishjamts ナカニシ タクミ

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

Journal of Asian architecture and building engineering (ISSN:13467581)

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, pp.133-140, 2004-05

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2 3

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In this report, the authors analyzed the relationship between the living environments and the attitudes of residents and the characteristics of apartment buildings through the visual survey of use of common spaces around two apartment buildings of different layouts and the questionnaire survey of residents in the built-up area of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, and clarified the necessity of living planning based on the interpenetration of residents, activities and spaces. The trends and characteristics of living spaces in the districts and future subjects were grasped from a comprehensive perspective by making a comparative analysis of the on-site survey results and the answers to the questionnaire.

著者

中野 淳太 田辺 新一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.701, pp.597-606, 2014-07-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

参考文献数

73

被引用文献数

4 5

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Semi-outdoor environment is defined as a grade of environmental control in thermal environmental planning, falling in between indoor and outdoor environment. Thermal adaptation of occupants, together with building and equipment, needs to be taken into account for planning such environment. Behavioral and psychological adaptation was found to be influential on thermal comfort, and context of thermal environment was found to be important to understand the adaptive process from literature review. Environmental context was categorized into social, architectural, and personal elements. A concept model of adaptive thermal comfort in semi-outdoor environment was proposed. Problems concerning application of existing thermal comfort standards were discussed. Adaptive comfort zone, not comfort temperature, needs to be investigated through field surveys considering the Japanese context such as geographical location, climate, degree of environmental control and general-purpose of the architectural space. Adaptive comfort zone needs to be presented together with the definition of environmental context.

著者

水野 貴博

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.654, pp.2029-2037, 2010-08-30 (Released:2010-10-08)

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In the 19th century Budapest, two exhibitions were held in the park Városliget. For the first exhibition in 1885, Industry Pavilion was built as the main building at the center of the axial structure of the site, but for the Millennium Exhibition in 1896, History Pavilion, the new main building, should be emphasized more than Industry Pavilion. To solve this problem, a new entrance was planned at the end of the Andrássy Street, a radial street which connected the center of the city and the park, and a promenade circuit was introduced to connect all major pavilions in the site. History Pavilion was built as a complex of imitations of several historic buildings in Hungary and placed picturesquely on an island in a lake. After the exhibition, a square was formed at the entrance and the History Pavilion was rebuilt as a durable building. The adoption of a promenade circuit as the main traffic line and an asymmetric picturesque building as the main pavilion was unique solution at the time, since most of the sites of the world exhibitions in the 19th century were based on classical symmetrical layout.

著者

五十子 幸樹 井上 範夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.655, pp.1653-1660, 2010-09-30 (Released:2010-10-20)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3 1

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Study on frequency transfer characteristics of a displacement-dependent damper modeled by complex stiffness shows that it has advantage in reduction of base shear and maximum response acceleration of the superstructure of a base-isolated building compared with a conventional velocity-dependent damper such as an oil damper. To realize a displacement-dependent damper, a simple control rule to simulate the complex damping model for active or semi-active dampers is proposed.

著者

倉方 俊輔

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.578, pp.177-184, 2004-04-30 (Released:2017-02-09)

参考文献数

24

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The aim of this study is to clarifying the design works of Chuta Ito (1867〜1954), who have had a great influence on modern Japanese architectural history, through the historical material drawings that were newly found. In previous studies, the 11 projects in the Meiji Era were referred. And the method of Ito's design works was analyzed. In this paper, designs of the 34 projects in the Taisho and Showa Era and their planning processes were shown.

著者

白井 篤

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. E-1, 建築計画I, 各種建物・地域施設, 設計方法, 構法計画, 人間工学, 計画基礎 (ISSN:13414518)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2010, pp.671-672, 2010-07-20

著者

材野 博司 菊地 賢治

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会東北支部研究報告集 (ISSN:13434713)

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, pp.5-8, 1971-03

著者

石田 建一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.501, pp.29-36, 1997-11-30 (Released:2017-02-02)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

11 10

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The energy consumption structures of the single-family houses were investigated by the questionnaire. The houses for the investiga- tion were the industrialized house built after 1985 and an insulated performance that adjusts to the Japanese building thermal insulation standard. The results of the secondary energy consumption of an average single family were 15.5MWh. In average, 40% of the total energy consumption in residential house was use for domestic hot water heating, 26% for space heating, 24% for house hold appliances, 9% for cooking, 4% for space cooling. The primary energy consumption of an average single family was 22.7MWh. The carbon dioxide discharge rate of an average single family is 1.95t.

著者

大山 顕

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

no.1707, 2018-02-20