著者

武藤 清 藤岡 洋保

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1229, pp.17-20, 1985-01

著者

和田 康由 寺内 信

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.499, pp.155-162, 1997

被引用文献数

1 1

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This paper deals with the role of housing development by estate campanies, through the case of Kansai Tochi Co. Ltd., which were founded in the middle of Taisho era. Tomosaburo TAKEHARA, the President of Kansai Tochi Co. Ltd., former a stock broker, was actively engaged in the housing enterprises by merging many estate companies, and the way of his housing management was to speculate in the housing estates as if they had been the stocks. He not only took over the business of merged estate companies but employed excellent managers and architects. Especially, Ohmino Den-en Toshi which had been developed by Kansai Tochi Co. Ltd. and MORISHOUJI District in Osaka City which was the project of a land readjustment system, were developed into the residential areas with excellent quality. But the company was in financial difficulties because it owned too many housing estates and a balance between supply and demand couldn't be kept during the war. It disappeared unexpectedly after the war in spite of developing land remarkably.

著者

編集委員会

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1367, pp.26-29, 1995-01-20

著者

吉本 憲生 鶴見 隆太 山村 崇

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.814, pp.3284-3294, 2023-12-01 (Released:2023-12-01)

参考文献数

22

---

In this research, we develop a “sensory score” that quantifies the sensory characteristics of cities using SNS data, and then built a prediction model for urban images by combining urban data and SNS data. As a result, although the impact of using SNS data is limited to a slight change in terms of the improvement of prediction accuracy, the prediction model using SNS data can express the localized distribution. Thus, it can be pointed out that using SNS data is more effective than the model that using only objective urban data in terms of evaluating local trends in urban images.

著者

橋田 竜兵

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.794, pp.773-780, 2022-04-01 (Released:2022-04-01)

参考文献数

10

---

This paper shows the development of the activities of the Tokyo General Construction Workers Union from 1947 to 1965 as a genealogy of the architectural movement in Japan after WWII. This union is an industrial labor union established by construction workers such as craftsmen in 1947. The postwar architectural movement was led by architects and focused exclusively on housing as a social issue. Therefore, we understood their activities concerning housing from the perspective of its relationship with architects and discussed its subsequent development.

著者

鈴木 大隆 北谷 幸恵 岩前 篤 永井 久也 小南 和也 坂本 雄三

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.627, pp.591-597, 2008-05-30 (Released:2009-02-25)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2 2

---

There are two points of view for the prevention design of moisture problem in the building insulated envelope. One is the strictly prevention of high moisture condition in the insulated wall cavity. The other one is the permission of short-term high moisture condition, condensation and high moisture content of the wooden material as long as keeping physical durability. If the later standpoint were chosen, the insulated envelope design of every variety for Japan would be possible. Nevertheless, there are no criteria to estimate the damage of physical durability of wood by the biological factors related high moisture condition. The points of this paper are as follows; 1) The importance of estimation damage of woods by the moisture problems is describes. 2) 2 case of hygrothermal steady state experiments were done to get basic acknowledge of woods damage by biological factors considering term, water content, temperature and humidity, physical durability.

著者

加藤 悠希

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.646, pp.2701-2707, 2009-12-30 (Released:2010-04-01)

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This paper examines when and how Kaoku-zakko and the concept of “Shinden-zukuri” was disseminated. In the early 19th century, the concept of the style of ancient noblemen's residences called “Shinden-zukuri” in Kaoku-zakko was shared by intellectuals. But the word “Shinden-zukuri” is not shared by them. There are few manuscript of Kaoku-zakko. It is conceivable that Kaoku-zakko was not popular until around 1980. But Kaoku-zakko achieved recognition around that time, probably in editing Kojiruien-Kyoshobu, and was published in 1891. After that Kaoku-zakko was frequently referred, and “Shinden-zukuri” became widely used to mean the concept already known.

著者

平田 卓也 砂本 文彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.692, pp.2213-2221, 2013-10-30 (Released:2014-07-10)

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This study aims to show the diversity of transformation of Buddhism facilities by the anti- Buddhist movement in the Meiji era.The 88-places of pilgrimage in Kochi clan had been influenced by the Policy of Separation of Buddhism and Shintoism.Facilities of temples were transformed as follows;1. Some were demolished and the site of them had been used as agricultural land and shrine.2. Some of facilities were remained and converted to various use, for example, elementary school, housing, without adaptation.

著者

窪田 亜矢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.781, pp.1001-1011, 2021 (Released:2021-03-30)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

---

From the time of birth, the concept of '"the park" in the city' has ever served as a tool for accepting the contradictions between legal systems and reality. Thus, such parks have continually undergone transformations. Because parks are owned and managed by the public sector, they are expected to be permanent, non-construction sites; however, the reality is different. Miyashita Park in downtown Shibuya in Tokyo Prefecture, Japan, was built on a scattered piece of land, and it has witnessed rapid changes. The periods of change of this park can be divided into five categories: (1) The Meiji era, when the feudal system changed to modern times, and the concept of parks was born; (2) 1953, when the park was first completed; (3) around 1964, the time of Tokyo Olympics, when a parking building was built on the ground, and the park was moved to the top of the roof; the park then was occupied by a homeless community; (4) around 2011, when sports facilities were installed in the park, and spatial and temporal closures became the norm under the normal operation by the local government because it had to manage the facilities; and (5) 2020, when the park was redeveloped and fully privatised; further, the park will now be managed by a private operator on a 30-year fixed land lease. Another Olympics has brought the opportunity to redevelop and redesign parks. The concepts such as possession, ‘no-man's land’, indifference, publicness and open space have been discussed by many philosophers, urban researchers, social scientists and constitutional scholars. In summary, urban parks have the potential to secure Liberty from law. If we need human rights and democracy, we have to realise them by securing places for them, namely the park in the city. Therefore, we have to preserve such urban parks; however, this is a great challenge. As seen from the example of Miyashita Park, at one point of time, homeless people occupied the park, and subsequently, the local government, with the support of local residents, evicted them using urban development projects legally with private companies; both events should not have happened. A system of conservation officers in natural conservation areas and play-leaders in play-parks can provide insights into maintaining urban parks. The only way to build such a system is through the practice of defending ‘the park in the city’.

著者

中村 隼人 高島 成侑

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.592, pp.201-207, 2005-06-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

39

---

This paper is considered on the possibility of social structure of TOSA port in the Middle Ages viewed from the restoration of the dug standing pillar buildings. The results are as follows. 1) There was thin concept on the individual ownership of land in TOSA port. 2) The population of residents in TOSA port was very much different by the seasons, because that it might be left during winter. 3) There were no standard courtesy spaces in TOSA port.

著者

清水 陽子 中山 徹 清水 裕子 森田 尋子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.800, pp.1964-1974, 2022-10-01 (Released:2022-10-01)

参考文献数

13

---

The purpose of this study is to compare the trends between moving in and out and moving within the city. The results are as follows. It can be classified into six categories based on the trend of dynamics. Movements had a great deal to do with social dynamics in the region. According to the trends by age group, even if the population is increasing, the future aging of the population and its impact on the local community should be taken into consideration. Even if the population is declining, it does not affect the number of households.

著者

姜 允敬 加藤 信介 成 旻起 金 鐘訓 柳 宇 阿部 恵子 原田 光朗 柳原 隆司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.667, pp.793-798, 2011-09-30 (Released:2012-01-13)

参考文献数

17

---

For possible applications in the humidifier-elements of air-conditioning systems, we investigated the germicidal effect of microwave irradiation on fungal spores, e.g. Cladosporium herbarum and Fusarium solani as well as bacteria, e.g. Bacillus subtilis. For the irradiation of our samples we used a general-purpose microwave oven as well as a specially assembled microwave source that could emit microwave radiation at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. In our first experiment, we determined the optimum condition of the two parameters of radiation output power and exposure time to achieve the desired germicidal effects. Microbes on both dry and wet filters were used as samples. The second part of the study was aimed to determine whether the germicidal effect originates directly from microwave irradiation or rather from the radiation-induced heat. Our results indicate that the degradation of microbes is affected by the type of strain, microwave output power, exposure time and sample moisture (and thus induced temperature increase). And it was identified that germicidal effect by microwave is mainly due to the thermal effect.

著者

崎山 俊雄 飯淵 康一 永井 康雄 安原 盛彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.595, pp.189-196, 2005-09-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 1

---

In this paper, we clarify how the supply-system and the planning of the official residence of the Department of the Army have changed from the Meiji era to the Showa prewar-days time. The result can be summarized as follows: 1. In the Department of the Army, the hierarchy to supply official residence was performed from the early stages of the Meiji era. But in the former half of the Meiji era, that was not necessarily persisted. 2. In the middle of the Meiji era or subsequent ones, the official residence was graded uniformly and the management method of clarifying correspondence with an official's grade and a official residence grade have been developed. 3. In 1920 the standard which will regulate the scale of the official residence according to a official's grade have come to be systematized. That has showed gradual hierarchy. 4. The plan of the official residence built in the later half of the Meiji era or subsequent ones also shows gradual hierarchy in the point of composition and interior.

著者

川口 朋子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.666, pp.1509-1515, 2011-08-30 (Released:2012-01-13)

被引用文献数

1

---

This study aims to investigate and clarify the procedure of building evacuation projects implemented in the Japanese cities toward the end of the WW II. First, before March 1945, the Japanese government's insufficient acknowledgement of the damages inflicted by air raids upon cities resulted in little progress in evacuating buildings anywhere in the country, except in Tokyo. Second, comparison between the Tokyo and Kyoto cases after the massive destruction by air attacks in March 1945 revealed a change in the purpose and method of evacuation. Consequently, after the change, the evacuation appeared to be almost an auto-destruction of urban areas.

著者

村松 美邑 後藤 春彦 山村 崇 林 廷玟

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.786, pp.2125-2135, 2021-08-30 (Released:2021-08-30)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

---

In Japan, during the post-war reconstruction and the period of high economic growth, land use prioritized short-term economy and efficiency. As a result, urban space has been fragmented by the incessant insertion of landscapes devoid of connection with others, greatly undermining the meaning and richness of the spatial experience. As a new means of landscape formation in such urban spaces, there is a demand for a perspective on the "Lifescape" that is unconsciously generated in our daily lives. In this study, we define "Nameless Landscapes" as unobtrusive and unnamed landscapes that are not eye-catching landscapes such as landmarks and historical monuments, but rather familiar living environments and activities in them, and focus on their value and approach the real picture. The "Nameless Landscape" , that is unconsciously created in our daily lives and whose value is difficult for the people themselves to recognize and evaluate, is analyzed from the perspective of a "stranger = traveler". This study targets Korean repeat tourists who have stayed in Tokyo under the hypothesis that repeat tourists have an excellent eye for the "Nameless Landscape" through multiple experiences. By analyzing the process of discovering and interpreting "Nameless Landscapes" , including social aspects of life and culture, this study aims to clarify the structure of the semantic interpretation that appears between the landscape and the foreign traveler (hereinafter, this is called "observer") and the nature, the value of the "Nameless landscapes" . The main results obtained are as follows: 1) When an observer perceives a landscape, he or she first momentarily draws out prior knowledge related to the object from the knowledge stores within the self in an instant, and then "interprets" the meaning of the object being viewed by combining such knowledge with the visual information of the landscape. Interpretation means capturing the invisible elements of the landscape as information, such as the context and localities that it possesses. Through interpretation, the landscape is contextualized and a 'depth' of meaning is brought to it. The "Nameless Landscape" as interpreted by the observer is stored and accumulated as new knowledge, sometimes accompanied by "knowledge updates" such as reinforcement or overwriting of prior knowledge. 2) A "structural model of semantic interpretation" was derived that appears between the "Nameless Landscape" and the observer. This indicates that the landscape as fragmentary information becomes "three-dimensional" as it is given meaning by the observer, and the process of establishing it as a "landscape" is also a process of "knowledge circulation" that involves the knowledge of information. 3) It is considered that the "Nameless Landscape" that emerges endogenously from the local environment and requires a conscious interpretation by the observer is particularly strong in the above characteristics, and the experience of the "Nameless Landscape" can be found to be valuable as an opportunity for the observer to "learn" and cultivate his or her observational eyes.

著者

川本 豊 市川 秀和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.787, pp.2388-2398, 2021

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<p> The purpose of this study is to examine the problems about the theory of architecture, using Japanese classical literature as a text, we have taken up representations of dwelling and have conducted architectural discussions of the aspects of spatial phenomena that appear in texts, while taking the previous research by the so-called <i>Kyoto School</i> of architectural theory, led by <i>Masuda Tomoya</i>. Masuda argues that "A house must first be positioned in its landscape". <i>Tanaka Takashi</i>, Masuda's disciple, applied the word "<i>utsusukoto</i>" to the phenomenon of dwelling, and aimed to open up the phenomenon of "<i>scenery</i>" from a new perspective that included the Oriental theory of the body and mind. In this context, Tanaka took up <i>Saito Mokichi</i> and others. </p><p> First in this paper, we would like to begin with the poetry of <i>Tachibana Akemi</i>, a Fukui poet lived at the end of the Edo period, about "dwelling" in own house. <i>Akemi</i> wrote 52 poems titled <i>Dokurakugin</i>, about the joy of living with his family. It can be said that the words in the poems capture the real scenery of the family's poor but peaceful life. We must not overlook the common thread between "dwelling" and "scenery". </p><p> Next, we would like to take up <i>Kaidouki</i>, author unknown, a travelogue of Kamakura period. Here, travel is defined as an act of leaving one's house, and returning to it. The author's view of dwelling could be outlined in his way of life, through the descriptions of the scenery he saw with his own eyes on the way, and the scenes of people's lives, as well as through <i>Kaidouki</i> that expresses self-referentiality in the extraordinary place of travel. Even in the midst of a travel, the author's thought of <i>Miyako</i> as his hometown, his home there, and his family, are a chain of scenery. </p><p> Then the third, take up the Haiku of <i>Inoue Seigetsu</i>, who wandered around <i>Shinano</i> at the end of the Edo period. He is said to have come from a samurai, but lost his family in a disaster. He eventually entered <i>Inadani</i> and stayed there for the rest of his life. It is thought that he is adrift not only in the spatial existence of own dwelling, but also in the temporal existence of his life. The word "wandering " is taken to mean the act of drifting away from one's dwelling, also of moving one's body and mind. So most of <i>Seigetsu's</i> poems are written from the outside of the house to the inside, and it can be said that he wrote about the scenery of the house as seen through shoji and windows. There are also a few poems that depict the inside of a house, which must have been a real scene that shows how much he appreciated his home that he could not have. </p><p> Three phenomena can be contrasted and placed into "housing/dwelling", "travelling/not-dwelling" and "wandering/non-dwelling". Although we usually consider only "dwelling", but we can point out that the depth of "dwelling" becomes clearer by taking up contrasting phenomena such as "travelling" and "wandering ". </p><p> In this paper, we clarify the multidimensional reality of "dwelling" from the perspective of architectural theories of three phenomena, "dwelling", "not-dwelling" and "non-dwelling" in order to comprehensively reveal some aspects of the scenery of dwelling. </p>

著者

小林 茂雄 津田 智史

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.615, pp.65-71, 2007-05-30 (Released:2017-02-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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This research examined the interpersonal distances from others desired by couples sitting on a hill by the sea. An investigation to observe the behavior of actual couples, and an experiment to assess their feelings were carried out in the early evening and the nighttime. In the results, the following points were demonstrated. 1) The closest distance the couples could allow others to approach was 2 to 3 meters in all directions, and the distance at which couples were not annoyed by others was about 5 meters in all directions, 2) When the distances with others were within about 5 meters, the time a couple stayed in their spot was affected by others. The effects were stronger when the others were in front of a couple or behind them in the nighttime. 3) When the distances from others were within 5 to 6 meters, the couple's intimate contact was affected by others. The distances were a little larger in the early evening than in the nighttime, and women preferred larger distances than men.

著者

苅谷 哲朗

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.696, pp.561-570, 2014-02-28 (Released:2014-07-10)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this paper is to study by the urban axis concept and the hierarchical structure method for the city design plans by Kenzo Tange. In case of many of his architectural works by Kenzo Tange, people will find golden sections on their design. From the early period of his design his architecture were a kind of city design and he strongly requests the urban axis concept to the symbolic structure design on top of the axis. In case of city design models his view points are like a birds eye view, so that his interests are relationship and proportion of combination of street width especially the case the streets are straight or orthogonally. Compare with architectural elevations, the functional restricts are stronger because the width of streets reflects the volume of traffic, but in case of symbolic loads landscaping with street trees etc. and with pedestrian way would control the total width of street. On the top of the urban axix he set the symbolic end and also symbolize the urban axis in case of the city design.

著者

水谷 晃啓

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.723, pp.487-494, 2016 (Released:2016-05-30)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

9

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Through the analysis of the design method of Kenzo Tange Laboratory, the University of Tokyo, and the theory as its background, this study has clarified how the clear system in the urban design of Tange Laboratory has been adopted to the computer simulation and examined the significance of the method in the present context. After organizing the cases where computer is used in the early stage of Japanese architecture field, the study has clarified that the use of computer by Tange Laboratory had uniqueness in the point that the target of such use was the urban area. The study showed that this viewpoint of the use of computer by Tange Laboratory was related to the leading study in the United States at that time that was conducted by K. Lynch and C. Alexander, and discussed about its characteristics. The study indicated that the computer simulation method of Tange Laboratory could be broadly classified into the one of macro type that treats the whole nation and the one of micro type that treats human spatial cognition. The simulation of macro type is related to the simulation method of social sciences at that time, such as system dynamics or discrete simulation, which was distinctive in the point that such simulation intended to introduce the viewpoints of social sciences in addition to the rationality of civil engineering. The simulation of micro type is related to urban space analysis by K. Lynch, which was outstanding in the point that such simulation was carried out to understand how the elements of scenery image would influence the human spatial cognition, without liMITing to the issues whether the spot is visible or invisible. Through the analysis for the project of Tange Laboratory that was conducted by using these computer simulations, the study clarified that the computer simulation method of Tange Laboratory was the one that was developed from the study on the urban area of Tange Laboratory conducted before the introduction of computer simulation. In addition, it showed that the use of computer by Tange Laboratory has developed on the background of the development of computer technology in the same period of time and maintenance of social information environment, while correlating to urban design projects which had been worked on in parallel. The study clarified that the attempt of the introduction work for the use of computer by Tange Laboratory was the one that intend to develop “URTRAN” that has three subroutines as “URBOT”, “RIBOT” and “GRAPHOT”. The characteristics of “Urgorithm”, the concept of the use and development of the computer of Tange Laboratory, was that it focused on feedback circuit and human-machine system. The ideas, which attempt to produce designing plans from more diversified optimization conditions by placing the intervention of the human will on the computer processing, were the significant ones that led to the current use of computer. The study showed that the use of computer by Tange Laboratory and its concept, “Urgorithm”, was also applicable to the current computational design.

著者

中江 研 角矢 洋平 西島 萌花

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.701, pp.1663-1672, 2014-07-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

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This paper examines chronological development of company housing of Nikke, the Japan Wool Textile Co., Ltd. The Kakogawa Mill started its operation in 1889. In the earliest years, its company housing was located in the mill site and a new housing community was constructed around the mill with the expansion of the mill. In 1919, the Innami Mill was developed across the river from the Kakogawa Mill and a new larger worker housing community was planned. It was described as “a Garden City” in a newspaper. A part of the plan was realized, but not completed.