著者

牧 紀男 三浦 研 小林 正美

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.476, pp.125-133, 1995

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

12 4

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In Japan, there were some serious disasters in recent years. In 1991, Unzen-Fugendake erupted and more than 1,000 people were forced to take refuge from their houses. In 1993, Hokkaido-Nanseioki earthquake attacked the south-east area of Hokkaido and more than 3,557 houses were destroyed. In Japan, the government supplies the temporary housing to those who lost house from the natural disasters. The purpose of supplying temporary house mentioned in the disaster relief law (established in 1947) and prescribes the purpose of temporary housing that to rescue the poor who can not afford getting a shelter with their own funds. But actual condition of temporary housing is completely different. Government supplies temporary housing to all those who request temporary housing. The term of using temporary house tend to become longer. The regulation about temporary housing has not been already up to dated. Many problem concerning about temporary housing originates in outdated regulation. The temporary housing have to be ranked in the part of restoration process from natural disaster.

著者

脇田 麻衣 土居 義岳

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会研究報告. 九州支部. 3, 計画系

巻号頁・発行日

no.46, pp.805-808, 2007-03

著者

浅野 良晴 嶋津 貴之 紀谷 文樹 市川 憲良 高橋 紀行 樋口 祥明 向野 信男 有吉 淳

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.490, pp.47-54, 1996

被引用文献数

3 2

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In this paper the authors investigated the fundamental data which were necessary for estimation of the optimum number of the fixtures in a lavatory of the multipurpose stadium. The sanitary fixture usage of soccer audiences in N-stadium of Gifu Pref. were surveyed actually by means of the electric methods. Then, the following results were obtained. 1) In the case of a lavatory for male, the waiting line generated in the half-break time. But in it for female, because the number of water closets was insufficient, the waiting line existed continually through the game. The length of moving line between the different sanitary fixtures was according to the lavatory layout. 2) The European style water closet for female was sometimes avoided. The occupated period of wash basin for female of soccer audience was longer than the other sports audience, in order to make up before and after games. 3) The ratio of female of audience was important to estimate the number of fixtures in a lavatory of stadium.

著者

朴 光賢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.693, pp.2425-2432, 2013-11-30 (Released:2014-07-10)

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Here is analyzed the transformation of the road networks of Seoul master plans of 1966, 1978 and 1988 to reveal the characteristics of the contemporary urban structure of Seoul. In the '66 master plan, the road network was planned as a ‘ring-radial pattern’ centered on the heart of city and extended towards the outer mountains. In the '78 master plan, the road network was changed to a ‘grid pattern’ centered on the Han River and framed by the inner edge of the outer mountains, while the ‘ring-radial pattern’ still remained in the form of ring roads around the inner mountains. In the '80 master plan, it was, in turn, conceived as a integration of the previous two patterns by a cross of hyperbola-shaped roads, to adjust it to both the existing roads in the heart of city and the surrounding topography.

著者

内藤 誠人 十塚 響 小澤 丈夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.814, pp.3426-3436, 2023-12-01 (Released:2023-12-01)

参考文献数

32

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The aim of this study is to clarify the transition of the editorial policy and some aspects of the contents of “VOLUME”, launched in 2005 as a platform for international architectural discourse in the Netherlands, founded by O. Bowman, R. Koolhaas and M. Wigley. First, the history of this magazine from its first issue in 1929 to “VOLUME” is summarized. Next, the editorial policy is summarized, and 59 issue are divided into six periods according to the differences in them. In addition, the writing of the editorial and the articles contributed by the co-founders reveal differences in their editorial involvement.

著者

古賀 政好 山田 あすか

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.785, pp.1870-1881, 2021-07-30 (Released:2021-07-30)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 1

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It is necessary to implement a series of special supports from infancy to working age so that people with an illness or disability can live with dignity and have self-fulfillment. The following three studies address the idea of reconsidering places of life/activities for people with various special needs.[I] Understanding the needs for technical environmental arrangements[II] Understanding the spatial composition and aspects of life/activity according to types of facilities[III] Consideration of stay and relationship of people with various special needs based on individual surveys This paper aims to examine studies [II] and [III] conducted at preschools and study [III] at an elementary school section of special-needs school, and refering to the construction of activity bases that includes various special needs.  The observational research was conducted at four facilities (W/X/Y/Z) for children with intellectual disabilities and an elementary school section of a special-needs school (M). At these facilities, children are provided with nursing/education that fits each special support type defined by their ability to communicate and move.   Chapter 3 looks at studies [II] and [III], which were conducted at four preschool facilities, and the following findings were obtained.・ Even though the spatial composition is the same, usage of the space is different.・ Differences in aspects of stay for each special support type are related to whether children can choose their place to stay.・ It is necessary to provide support for human interactions depending on spatial composition/special support type.  Chapter 4 looks at study [III], which was conducted at an elementary school section of a special-needs school, and the following findings were obtained.・ The stay ratio distribution is not influenced by special support type but by curriculum and furniture placement.・ Difference that depends on special support types is not observed when they relate with "Other Children".・ Relationship of special support types "a" and "b" are at lower percentage of "Teacher" and higher percentage of "By Oneself" in 2012 than in 2010.  Finally, in Chapter 5, cross-sectional consideration of differences and synonyms of activity patterns in preschool and school age was conducted; the following findings were obtained.・ Even with the same space composition, the meaning of the space differs depending on operation and shape of each facility, and that becomes apparent as the way the space is used.・ The environment and stimulus that are easily obtained/ decreased change based on special support type and spatial composition at four preschool facilities. On the other hand, the environment and stimuli are controlled by spatial transformation at school (M).  As stated above, in order to build comprehensive activity base regardless of age and type of disability at preschool and school age, it is necessary to firstly pay attention to the environment and stimuli that are received differently depending on spatial composition and special support type. In addition, since special support type affects management and nursing / education policy, it is needed to consider spatial composition together with the management policy. Furthermore, it is necessary to redesign space and activities by reexamining management and the meaning of the space according to the needs, because bases for preschool and school age children care different students every year and also their needs change each year.

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.763, pp.1993-2003, 2019 (Released:2019-09-30)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

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This research clarified the following three points on the venue design process for EXPO’70 and five types of Tange’s collaborative design projects. 1. The author ordered the design process of the symbol zone chronologically based on the minutes of official meetings and the construction process chart for EXPO’70. 2. The author visualized the design process of the symbol zone based on the drawings and model photos of the venue plan for EXPO’70. 3. The author classified the collaborative design projects in which Tange participated into five types, and considered the relationship between the design process for the symbol zone and these five types of projects. The author clarified the following three points about the collaborative design for EXPO’70: 3-1. Tange and Uzo Nishiyama were both famous professor-architects, and it was very difficult to put together their different ideas. 3-2. Tange managed the design office for main facilities of EXPO ‘70 as producer. Using his experiences at the laboratory, Tange encouraged the staff members to freely exchange their views. 3-3. Tange and Taro Okamoto previously worked together for the design for the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Office in 1958. Okamoto’s elevated ideals to integrate art and architecture later realized in their proposal for the “Taiyo no tou (Tower of the Sun)” at the Omatsuri Hiroba (Festival Plaza) in 1970.

著者

橋本 典久

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.729, pp.909-917, 2016 (Released:2016-11-30)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2 2

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A survey was conducted to gather data for an assessment of the vocal noise level from children playing in nursery schools or other similar facilities. Ten nursery schools were surveyed; 5 locations in Setagaya Ward, Tokyo and 5 in Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture. The surveys considered two cases: the noise levels while the children were playing in the yard, and those while they were playing inside. Measurements were taken over 10-minute intervals and the variables analyzed were equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level ( called equivalent continuous noise level ), maximum noise level, percentile noise level, and frequency (1/1 and 1/3 octave bands). Additionally, at the first nursery school surveyed, a continuous measurement of the noise level was conducted for 24 hours to examine the conditions of measurements and the length of the analysis period. The noise level was found to be approximately 20 dB higher while the children were playing in the yard or in the pool than during other times of day, and that was about 30 dB louder than at night. In the nursery schools where the measurements were taken, the noise levels were also about 5 to 7 dB higher while the children were entering in the morning, which was not a dramatic difference. The equivalent continuous noise level measured 10 m from the center of a group of children playing in the nursery school yard was about 62 dB when there were 10 individuals and 74 dB when there were 100 individuals. However, it was possible for the noise to momentarily reach levels over 90 dB. The mean level of the vocal noise also increased by about 10 dB during music classes and when a microphone was being used. The frequency analysis of vocal noise from children indicated peaks of around 1000 Hz and 2000 Hz. There were linear decreases from these peaks at other frequencies. These values were higher than the pitches observed from conversations involving only adults. The effectiveness of a noise barrier installed within the nursery school grounds was estimated using the above results. Four cases were considered, where the height of the wall was varied from 2.0 m to 3.5 m. The wall was estimated to reduce the noise by 15 - 20 dB, which was considered to be sufficiently effective.

著者

泉山 塁威 宇於﨑 勝也

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.804, pp.568-579, 2023-02-01 (Released:2023-02-01)

参考文献数

12

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This study identified four systems, namely, the Special Provisions for Road Occupancy Permits (Metropolitan Reorganization Law and the Law for Medium-Sized Enterprises), the National Strategic Road Occupancy Project, and the Road Cooperative Organization System as the mitigation provisions of the road occupancy permit-related systems. This study aims to clarify the characteristics of these systems by looking at them from multiple perspectives, based on the changes in the systems, the characteristics and activities of road occupying entities, and the evaluation and perception of the systems by local governments.

著者

木本 慶介 相賀 洋 長井 達夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.802, pp.836-845, 2022-12-01 (Released:2022-12-01)

参考文献数

29

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Double skins are an effective technique for achieving ZEB. In this research, we will use meta-simulation and AI to construct a general-purpose blind control that can minimize the energy consumption of lighting and air conditioning when daylight is used. First, we built a simple double-skin meta-simulation model to clarify the thermal performance and energy consumption performance when various kinds of blind controls are performed. Next, we performed machine learning and element analysis using AI with the simulated result. Then, we clarified the most effective parameters on thermal performance and energy consumption performance.

著者

武田 裕之 柴田 基宏 有馬 隆文

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.661, pp.601-607, 2011-03-30 (Released:2011-03-31)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 3

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Recently, with the advance of motorization, decline of the city center has come to be considered as a serious problem especially in local cities. To solve such a problem, a concept called “Compact City” is proposed. However, there are no concrete image and criteria of it. This study devises the evaluation indexes from the books and papers about Compact City, and evaluates some DIDs by applying the indexes. As the samples, 37 DIDs in Kyusyu are selected. In addition, DIDs of Aomori city and Toyama city are examined because there are Compact City policies practiced by each city government. The indexes are created to have high versatility by using the statistics data from open resources and GIS data. The relative evaluation and ranking evaluation are utilized. Hita, Amagi, and Shimabara ranked in the top 3 DIDs. Also, Yatsushiro, Omuta, and Nobeoka ranked in the worst 3 DIDs. Each DID's characteristics and assignments are clarified since the DIDs ranked in higher positions are not always evaluated as good enough to be Compact City in every indexes, and the relationship between the indexes and the ranking evaluation is not significant.

著者

竹内 泰 布野 修司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.520, pp.263-270, 1999-06-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

5

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The purpose of this study is to consider the characteristics of urban space in Kyoto based on the analysis of the distribution of small ritual facilities on the streets which called zizou. Zizou was not paid enough attention as a core of urban space because of its small size and complicated origins. But from the viewpoint of urban community organization, zizou can be the important element of urban community for it is worshiped by inhabitants everyday. Locations of zizou reflect the common consciousness of community because they are distributed on the streets where they consider it suitable to pray up to the present. And now we can find out several types of locations of zizou. This paper clarifies what zizou means in the urban space and how these types of locations took part in the organizing urban space in kyoto.

著者

中尾 七重

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.603, pp.147-154, 2006-05-30 (Released:2017-02-17)

参考文献数

51

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In this paper we argue the coincidence of distribution area of Honmune style minka and the territory controlled by the Ogasawara, the Constable of Shinano. The factors of the coincidence are as follows: 1. The Ogasawara made it their policy to give members of the local gentry permission to erect decorative gables in the Sengoku period. 2. Under the peasant proprietorship of the Edo period, these of jizamurai descent and village officials expressed their status through minka design. 3. The feudal lord allowed this because it was conducive to stability and smooth collection of land tax. In conclusion, the Honmune style originated in medieval times and revived at the Edo period.

著者

安野 彰 内田 青藏 山口 廣 井上 祐一 柳葉 悦子 窪田 美穂子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.600, pp.203-209, 2006-02-28 (Released:2017-02-17)

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This paper reports about a reinforced concrete apartment buiding in Komagome, Tokyo (1938). The apartment house was planned for foreigners from Europe & North America, and the Japanese client. Therefore the planning and style of windows were different from ordinary Japanese apartment buildings in those days. Kotaro Ebata was the architect, who had worked at the office of Kazue Yakushiji. Yakushiji is a famous Architect in Japan in those days. And he may have been a friend of the client since they were sutudents.

著者

生田 国男 藍澤 宏

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.623, pp.55-62, 2008-01-30 (Released:2008-10-31)

被引用文献数

1

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On this study, we aimed to evaluate the realities, maintenance policy and content of maintenance of campus of National Universities established in the whole country after the end of World War II from historical view. The National Universities were established by reorganizing the higher school institutions under the old educational system. This reorganizing process caused problems of space like desperation of sites. To solve these problems, the 9th special committee was set up on the University Chartering Council. Three methods were used to maintain the campus of doing at each university based on the point of the committee. The standard when facilities of the campus were maintained succeeded to the difference of the antecedent school. The establishment of National Universities aimed at the establishment of a homogeneous integrated university that assumed the prefecture in the system to be a unit. The maintenance policy succeeded to the difference by the school type by which the empire university before the end of World War II was made the top.

著者

久保 有朋 岡崎 篤行 松井 大輔

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.726, pp.1695-1703, 2016 (Released:2016-08-30)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4 1

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1. Background and Purpose Kagai collectively inherit many aspect of traditional Japanese culture, from architecture to music and cuisine both tangible and intangible. In the past, Kagai were ubiquitous throughout Japan. Today, the number of active Kagai is about 40. Furu-machi Kagai is a significant area, because the historic townscape, which is different from those in Kyoto or Kanazawa, is remained. Most traditional Kagai in comparatively large cities were lost by air raids in the Second World War. This study aims to clarify transition of distribution on buildings in Kagai at the period of 1930, 1958, 1972 and 2013. 2. Overview and Methodology The gross area of Niigata is approximately 726 km2 and its population in 2015 is approximately 800,000. Niigata was originally established as a port-town and rebuilt on the present site in 1655. Furu-machi is located in the center of Niigata. In this study, field works, searching for old maps, interviews with experienced Geisha etc. were conducted. 3. Transition of distribution on buildings in Furu-machi Kagai In 1930, Furu-machi was comprised of 17 Ryoriya, 27 Machiai, 98 Okiya. In 1958, there were 27 Ryoriya, 21 Machiai, 52 Okiya. In 1972, there were 27 Ryoriya, 18 Machiai, 48 Okiya. In 2013, there were 12 Ryoriya, 2 Machiai, 2 Okiya. Kagai buildings concentrate along the East and West Shin-michi street during the whole period. 4. Conclusions 1) Kagai buildings concentrate along the East and West Shin-michi street during the whole period. 2) The number of Ryoriya is larger than Machiai from 1958 to 2013. But there are more Machiai than Ryoriya in 1930. 3) The dense area of Okiya moved from the West Shin-michi to the East Shin-michi at the period between 1930 and 1958. Ryoriya was distributed on the entire area at the period between 1930 and 1958. 4) A large number of Machiai and Okiya were changed into to modern eating and drinking businesses. 5) East Shin-michi is regarded to be the most important area for townscape conservation and improvement.

著者

チャン キャサリン 高橋 儀平

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.696, pp.301-309, 2014-02-28 (Released:2014-07-10)

参考文献数

13

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This paper aims to explore the Hong Kong Government's current public housing policies, and its future plans for accommodating the needs of the elderly and disabled living in public housing. I will also touch on the subject of urban planning in relation to catering for the elderly and disabled. In conclusion, there is a high proportion of elderly people requiring public housing in Hong Kong. High-rise blocks are in particular inadequate relating to barrier-free. That said, it is evident there has been rapid progress in integrating “Barrier-free” requirements into the design of new public housing.

著者

青木 美佑紀 山田 あすか

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.637, pp.541-548, 2009-03-30 (Released:2009-11-24)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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This paper aims to clarify customers' behavioral characteristics at bookstores by focusing on building types, bookshelf arrangements, and customers' attributes of bookstores. We conducted plot research to investigate customer collection situation and trace observations in bookstores to grasp customers' detailed behavior. We found that customers' attribute and behavior vary by the bookstore, and that visual sequentiality of subject field of books as well as physical sequentiality influence how customers move around and browse books in bookstores.

著者

竹内 泰 牧 紀男

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.766, pp.2573-2583, 2019 (Released:2019-12-30)

参考文献数

17

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of the positions of Jizo in Kyoto through analyzing the newspaper articles and photos especially about Jizo and Jizo-bon festival from early modern period to today. In this paper, we clarified the transformation of the social position of Jizo that had been emerged by the social problems through Jizo. The results of this study are as follows.  After the order in 1871 to remove Jizo on the street, there were 4 periods the number of articles of Jizo increases as follows. ①The first period from 1887 to 1892 that the revival of Jizo-bon festival was paid attention as the curious affair. After this period Jizo and Jizo-bon festival became to be general as the usual situation before the order. ②The second period from 1929 to 1941 that Jizo and Jizo-bon festival had been the object of deeper and various interests, and after the outbreak of the Shino-Japanese War and the Pacific War, had been influenced strongly and utilized enhancing national prestige. ③The third period from 1952 to 1958 that Jizo-bon festival was appealed for the purpose of the democratic education after the war as the festival mainly for and by the children. ④The fourth period from 1971 to 1984 that the most interest was drawn, and the Jizo-bon festival was recognized to be necessary for the community work or the community formation, and such the recognition became established.  The revival of Jizo-bon festival was reported from 1881, and it became established again as the urban festival in Kyoto city in around 1899. And the changes of the road environment influenced to remove the location of the Jizo-bon festival in the 30’s of Showa period.  Through this study the process of the Jizo’s re-position facing to the street has been clarified that the position of the Jizo in usual situation was seen in some of Cho in around 1892, and they began to be positioned under the eaves of the shop house facing to the street in around 1900. Before early Showa period such the positions became general.  Analyzing through the newspaper photos, the outside location of Jizo-bon festival had been changed from the road into the other outside space like the alley, the rooftop, the temple, the park or the primary school, or into the inside space of the house or the temple. And the elements of the festival became to be composed from the long-term setting materials into the short-term ones. These changing terms were from the 30’s to the 50’s centering the 40’s of Showa period, and these periods overlap with the changing periods of the road environment.

著者

池田 朋子 大貝 彰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.494, pp.161-168, 1997

被引用文献数

5 5

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A novel expresses a world as a model with concrete and universal descriptions, which includes expressions of landscapes. In this study, we analyze fifty-five novels which won Akutagawa Literary Prize from 1970 to 1994, to understand images of landscapes in recent years. Landscapes in the text are categorized into nine items and understood with stages of stories and periods. First, they are grasped quantitatively by the level of words. Then, reading stories around the words lead us to understand the meaning of items of the landscapes. As the results, after high economical growth, landscapes and their meanings decrease such as mountains as boundaries, rivers with plays, hills for understanding oneself relatively in the town and fields viewed on one's ways. Landscapes such as flowers, woods and skies which have been still left become to get more meanings.