著者

島田 貴仁

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.101-101, 2017-12-25 (Released:2017-12-25)

著者

石黒 格

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.11-20, 2013-08-31 (Released:2017-02-24)

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Traditionally, research in social psychology has focused on the mean values of target variables. In most cases, this is simply because the mean value is the target of most statistical methods and often does not reflect the theoretical basis. Consequently, this has narrowed the perspective of researchers and possibly caused misunderstandings of social phenomena. In this study, we introduce quantile regression to solve this problem, which predicts the pth percentile of a target variable for any value of p. As an example, we theoretically predicted that the effect of extraversion on personal network size is different among the right (upper) and left (lower) parts of the distribution and tested this prediction using quantile regression. The result showed that extraversion positively correlates with the 70th-90th percentile of personal network size to a greater extent than that of the 30th-10th percentile. This result indicates that the distribution of personal network size not only moves toward the right but also becomes right-skewed as extraversion increases.

著者

尾崎 拓 中谷内 一也

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.175-182, 2015-03-20 (Released:2015-06-07)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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A recent controversy in the literature on protection behavior is whether individuals’ heightened risk perception boosts precautionary behavior toward disasters. We conducted a preliminary experiment (n=108) where risk perception and response efficacy were manipulated based on protection motivation theory (PMT). Contrary to the prediction of PMT, neither variable prompted actual preparedness behavior. In the main experiment (n=113), we examined the effects of two social factors (an informational variable and a relational variable) on preparedness behavior. Descriptive norms, defined as information about majority behavior, were manipulated as the informational variable. The possibility of exchanging stored food was manipulated as the relational variable. Descriptive norms influenced actual food storage behavior, but potential for food exchange did not. Participants’ attitude and intention to store food were not influenced by the two variables, suggesting that descriptive norms directly influence preparedness behaviors.

著者

加藤 司

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.78-88, 2003

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between styles of handling interpersonal conflict, personality, and mental health. In study 1, the Handling Interpersonal Conflict Inventory (HICI) was developed to measure five styles of handling interpersonal conflict based on a 2 dimensional, 5-style model of handling interpersonal conflicts : integrating, compromising, avoiding, yielding, and forcing. Factor analysis of data from 520 undergraduate students generated the 2 dimensional, 5-style model. In study 2, 378 undergraduate students completed the Handling Interpersonal Conflict Inventory, the Big Five Scale, the Psychological Stress Response Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Interpersonal Satisfaction Scale. The results suggested that the five styles of handling conflict are better predicted by personality, and also that they are related to mental health.

著者

山口 一美 小口 孝司

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.83-91, 2000-10-25 (Released:2016-12-20)

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality and employment and job satisfaction as an airline cabin attendant (CA) or customer service agent (CSA). Study 1 focused on the initial employment of CAs and CSAs. Study 2 dealt with subjects who succeeded in finding work as CAs and CSAs. Study 3 considered the factors leading to job satisfaction as CAs and CSAs. The subjects of studies 1 and 2 were 154 female students in a vocational school. The subjects of study 3 were 61 female CAs and CSAs. The results of study 1 demonstrated that a greater ability to modify self-presentation was significantly correlated with being employed in these positions. In study 2, lower sensitivity to expressive behavior in others and lower social anxiety were positively correlated with being employed later on. Public self-consciousness and duplicity were found in study 3 to have significant negative correlations with job satisfaction. Consequently, these results suggest that self-monitoring is a significant situational personality that is positively related to employment as a CA or CSA.

著者

縄田 健悟

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.34-34, 2017-08-31 (Released:2017-09-05)

著者

熊谷 智博

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.86-93, 2013-11-30 (Released:2017-02-27)

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This study examined the effects of intergroup social justice on intergroup aggression inflicted against a wrongdoer by someone who was not directly involved in the wrongdoing (third party aggression). Specifically, it focused on whether third party aggression is retaliatory aggression or not. Sixty-four participants equally or unequally received lottery tickets from a fellow ingroup member; they then observed that the fellow ingroup member or an outgroup member unequally received such tickets from another outgroup member. After this observation, participants were given the opportunity to select the level of unpleasant noise that would be experienced by the outgroup member responsible for the unequal distribution. The results suggested that intragroup social justice enhanced group identification with the ingroup, which in turn enhanced perceived unfairness of intergroup distribution only when the victim was an ingroup member. That perceived unfairness then intensified hostility and aggressive behavior against the unfair outgroup member. Finally, the relationship between the psychological mechanisms of third party aggression and intergroup conflict in the real world was discussed.

著者

後藤 崇志 楠見 孝

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.125-136, 2013-03-31 (Released:2017-03-03)

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The purpose of this research was to investigate whether a decrement in self-control resources caused burnout among employees with different degrees of autonomy. We conducted a panel survey among 424 employees. The results revealed that 1) autonomy affected the relationship between controlling emotional sensations and burnout. Controlling emotional sensations increased burnout among employees with low autonomy, but not among those with high autonomy. Moreover, the results revealed that 2) autonomy did not affect the relationship between other self-control behaviors and burnout. We discussed why a decrement in self-control resources caused burnout and how autonomy affected it, by referring to the process of self-control based on the Limited Resource Model, cognitive control, and physiological underpinnings.

著者

田中 大貴

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.21-24, 2013-08-31 (Released:2017-02-24)

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Whether people punish an unfair partner has been investigated using the ultimatum game, in which a proposer makes an offer of how to divide a fixed amount of money between him/herself and a responder, and the responder decides whether to accept or reject the proposer's offer. Previous studies have revealed that it is the proposer's unfair intention, rather than the unfair offer itself, that increases the rejection rate. However, all of the previous studies employed the strategy method, wherein the responders had to decide whether to reject various offers before examining the proposer's actual offer. The primary purpose of the present study was to examine whether the effect of unfair intention would be replicated when the responders made their decision upon receipt of the proposer's offer. Accordingly, in the present study, participants received an unfair offer (i.e., the proposer would take 90% of the resource) that was made intentionally or unintentionally, and then decided whether to accept it. The result showed that the unfair offer was rejected more frequently in the intention condition than the no-intention condition.

著者

牧野 圭子 高木 修 林 英夫

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.11-23, 1994

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of consumer's purchase plans, price type POP advertising presentation and image type POP advertising presentation on in-store consumer behaviors from the points of item choices and contact with advertising. We carried out an survey interview for 263 consumers in a supermarket in Higashiosaka city and analyzed the data according to the experimental design: 2 (consumer's having some purchase plans or not) × 2 (being present of price type POP advertising or not) × 2 (being present of image type POP advertising or not). The results showed that price type POP advertising and image type POP advertising had different kinds of effects. It was suggested that the former promoted rational consumer behaviors and the latter promoted emotional consumer behaviors in item choices. We found the effects of contact with advertising on sales promotion only in price type POP advertising. We also found that consumer's purchase plans and a condition of POP advertising presentation had interaction effects on item choices and contact with advertising.

著者

北梶 陽子 曽根 美幸 佐藤 浩輔 小林 翼 大沼 進

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.115-122, 2016

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<p>This study investigated the effects of imagining others on cooperation in a one-shot Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) game. There are two ways to imagine others' perspectives: "imagining the other" or considering how the other person feels, and "imagining the self" or projecting oneself onto the other person. Participants were assigned to one of three conditions: a) the imagining-other condition, b) the imagining-self condition, and c) the control condition (thinking about a landscape). Participants played a one-shot PD game and completed the social value orientation (SVO) scale, which measures one's cooperative tendency. Results showed that the cooperation rate was higher in the imagining-other condition, and participants in the imagining-other condition expected that the partner would cooperate and that the partner thinks they would cooperate. In contrast, in the imagining-self condition, no significant differences were observed about these variables. Furthermore, the cooperation rate increased mediated by two-way expectations in the imagining-others condition, while it was not observed in imagining-self conditions. These results show the importance of imagining others not as a reflection of self, in increasing expectation of mutual cooperation and promoting cooperation.</p>

著者

小林 江里香 深谷 太郎 杉原 陽子 秋山 弘子 Jersey LIANG

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.133-145, 2014-03-17 (Released:2017-02-28)

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This research examines how the linkages between different types of social networks and subjective wellbeing(SWB)vary across gender and age through structural equation modeling. Data came from a nationwide survey for older adults conducted in 1999 (N=3,482). SWB was measured by life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. A three-factors model for social networks showed a good fit, consisting of child contact, informal contact with friends and neighbors, and social participation related to groups/volunteer activities. The effects of four types of networks (i.e., spouse and the three factors) on SWB were compared among the 4 gender×age groups. Gender differences were more prominent among the young-old (63-74 years old) than the old-old (75 and over), namely, the effects of being married and social participation on life satisfaction were greater for males than females, whereas informal contact was more important for female life satisfaction and depression. Among the old-old, the association between child contact and SWB was stronger than among the young-old. Further research is needed to ascertain whether the age differences result from aging and/or cohort variations.

著者

小野田 竜一 高橋 伸幸

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.65-74, 2013-11-30 (Released:2017-02-27)

被引用文献数

1

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When people behave more cooperatively toward in-group members than to out-group members, we call it "in-group favoring behavior." However, previous studies have not yet provided a satisfactory explanation for why in-group favoritism can be adaptive. In the current study, we conducted a series of simulations to explain such behaviors from an evolutionary perspective. We used the giving game and constructed a society composed of two groups, A and B. In the game, every player was given a fixed amount of resources and decided how much and to whom he gave. The results showed that the in-group favoring strategy is adaptive only when it has a strict criterion for recipients (not giving any resources to players who had helped other players who did not adopt the in-group favoring strategy). Furthermore, they showed that there were other strategies which have a strict criterion for recipients that could be adaptive as well. These findings suggest that strategies which form a circle of exchange only among themselves by excluding other strategies can be adaptive.

著者

小俣 謙二

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.174-184, 2012

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Effects of the predictability and controllability of crime on risk perception and the fear of crime were investigated in 688 Japanese university students (362 males, 323 females, and 3 unidentified; mean age 19.9 years). It was hypothesized that both predictability and controllability would be directly related to risk perception, whereas these variables would have a direct as well as an indirect relation via risk perception to the fear of crime. This hypothesis was examined for two types of risk perception, assessments of personal risk and crime trends, and two types of crimes, face-to-face and non-face-to-face crimes. Results indicated the following, (1) There was a significant relationship between the predictability and controllability of crime and risk perception, regardless of the type of crime. (2) The indirect paths from predictability and controllability to fear of crime via risk perception were significant for the two types of crimes. (3) A significant direct relationship between predictability and the fear of crime was found only for face-to-face crimes. The significance of these findings is discussed.

著者

石井 敬子

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.141-141, 2016-11-30 (Released:2016-11-30)

著者

広瀬 弘忠

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.83-95, 1990-03-20 (Released:2016-11-25)

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AIDS presents a fundamental challenge to the Japanese society as well as any other societies in the world. The 30th Annual Meeting of The Japanese Society of Social Psychology had a plenary session on "AIDS and Current Japanese Society". The aim of the report is to set ourselves an assignment of "what should we do about AIDS problems" through describing the three and a half hours presentations and discussions. We had five paper givers who were a clinical doctor of AIDS ward, a representative of a hemophilia support group, a government's public health official, a journalist and a social psychologist. We also had two discussants who were a AIDS researcher and a social psychologist. Indeed, the cross-disciplinary symposium on AIDS is the first attempt in the field of social psychology of Japan, but it could offer a good opportunity to arouse our concern to this problem.

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.Cover4, 1988-11-25 (Released:2016-11-22)

著者

森 政弘

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.1-6, 1987-03-31 (Released:2016-11-19)

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This paper deals with the proposals and the author's opinions on three sections of Robotics which are related with psychology. These three sections are: 1. Body Figure 2. Behavior of Grouping Robots 3. Robotization and Humanization The body figure is normally considered as having a human. However, the author describes on an anticipation of a Robot with the body figure. The author had produced seven grouping robots by experiment. It is described an anticipation of reasons of animal grouping, since it had been observed that the behavior of these seven robots had been quite similar with animal grouping. It is described how to overcame inconsistency and confrontation for the robotization and the humanization which are the theme on the mankind for the future.

著者

小口 孝司

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.175-183, 1991

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The present study examined relationships between self-disclosure, negative child-rearing attitudes of mothers and self-disclosure of children, and between self-disclosure of children and their adjustment to their classes. A causality (self-disclosure of mother would facilitate self-disclosure of children, negative child-rearing attitudes of mothers would inhibit self-disclosure of children, and self-disclosure of children would facilitate their adjustments to their classes) was also investigated. Subjects were 135 primary school and junior high school students. They filled out self-disclosure questionnaires for children, self-disclosure questionnaires for their mothers, and mother child-rearing attitudes scales. Their teachers checked their adjustment to their classes. The relationships and the causality were confirmed, except between negative child-rearing attitudes of mothers and self-disclosure of children. These were caused by the fact that child-rearing attitudes consisted of two factors. One factor facilitated self-disclosure of children and the other inhibited it.

著者

岩谷 舟真 村本 由紀子 笠原 伊織

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0946, (Released:2016-09-12)

参考文献数

23

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This study investigated how social norms are maintained in societies with different degrees of relational mobility. We hypothesized that (1) in high relational mobility societies, where they need to present their attractiveness to be chosen as a relational partner, people would follow social norms when they thought it would earn them a positive reputation from others; (2) in low relational mobility societies, where they need to avoid isolation in closed relationships, people would follow social norms when they thought they would be rejected by others if they did not. We also examined to what extent their reputation estimation was accurate. In particular, normative aspects of participation in community activities were investigated using a social survey. As we predicted, the more the respondents in low relational mobility societies feared rejection by others, the more they followed norms regarding participation in community activities. They tended to assume that others would give a lower evaluation to a nonparticipant than they do, which means that they may maintain the norms as a result of “pluralistic ignorance.” On the other hand, we did not find a significant interaction effect between perceived relational mobility and expectation of a positive reputation. This was explained by the respondents’ tendency to underestimate the possibility of earning a positive reputation by participating in community activities.