著者
山田 一成
出版者
法政大学社会学部学会
雑誌
社会志林 = 社会志林 (ISSN:13445952)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.1・2, pp.41-61, 2010-09
著者
宮野 裕
出版者
北海道大学大学院文学研究科北方研究教育センター
雑誌
北方人文研究 (ISSN:1882773X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, pp.81-100, 2009-03-31

This paper translates and provides commentary on the "Church" Statute of Prince Jaroslav (d.1054). This Statute was originally drafted in the 11th century, but it was considerably revised in each Russian eparchy up to the 18th century, and served as the judicial basis of Russian society. Moreover, the Statute defines the jurisdiction of the church and prescribes punitive measures against wrongdoings that would be referred to the church. Although a large number of studies have been made of the textlogical and chronological investigation of the Statute since the 19th century, there was little consensus. For example, N. Karamzin (1842) asserted that the Statute was drafted in the 14th century, that is, it was not the work of Jaroslav. But in 1972, J.N. Shchapov finally provided detailed evidence of when and how the Statute was drafted. He recognized the Statute as authentic, compiled by Jaroslav, and dating from 11th century. His thesis on the Statute is widely accepted. But this paper criticizes his idea of the "historical" relations between the short and long versions of the Statute. The paper also provides translations of both versions.
著者
西迫 大祐
出版者
明治大学法律研究所
雑誌
法律論叢 (ISSN:03895947)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.90, no.6, pp.213-229, 2018-02-01
著者
杉山 正明
出版者
京都大学 (Kyoto University)
巻号頁・発行日
2006-11-24

新制・論文博士
著者
池内 功
出版者
東洋史研究會
雑誌
東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, no.2, pp.239-274, 1984-09-30

In times of utmost emergency, the foundation as well as the structure of the power of the state organization tend to be exposed. Thus when Arik-buqa in 1261 had attacked Khubilai and invaded China as far as the Kaiping 開平 district of Shangdu 上都, he repelled Arik-buqa and established his defense line along the Great Wall, still confronting his Mongolian rival. In the military governed state then set up by Khubilai, the Mongolian troops were divided into two sections : the left wing was stationed in Xuande 宣徳 and Dexing 徳興, the right wing in Xingzhou 興州. Khubilai's personal troops 怯薛, the guards under the command of Shi Tianze 史天澤, as well as the Chinese troops stationed in Ezhou鄂州 under Khubilai's leadership were taken together to form the central unit. As such they came to be positioned in the center area between Xuande, Dexing, and Xingzhou, near the river Chao 潮. Moreover troops under the command of Shi Tianze's family were stationed for the defense of Yanjing 燕京 in the background as well as on the border to confront the Southern Song. Assuming that the orginial state organization of the nomad Mongol tribes, i.e., the military form of government, was gradually altered to a stabile national form of state organization, the first steps taken by Khubilai establishing his power by stationing troops and especially relying heavily on Chinese military have to be considered very enlightening.
著者
堤 一昭
出版者
東洋史研究會
雑誌
東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.4, pp.653-684, 1996-03-31

In the latter half of the thirteenth century the Yuan Dynasty unified China after a one hundred and fifty-year period of division. To date, the study of Yuan rule in South China has been inadequate. This paper is intended as an investigation of the institution of Yuan rule in South China. It concludes the following: 1. After the fall of Xiangyang 襄陽 in 1273, the armies that advanced to the areas held by the Southern Song consisted of four corps. Moreover, Seng'u 相威, from the family of the prince of the realm 國王 of the Jalair tribe, functioned as the commander of the Wutouxia 五投下 corps, which was one of these four corps. After the fall of Lin'an 臨安 and Yangzhou 揚州 in 1276, the commanders of the four corps made an advance against the rebellions of the Sirigi and others in Mongolia and the Western borderlands of the Yuan Dynasty. Lower-ranked generals of the armies remained in South China and formed four regional secretariats 行中書省. Among the commanders, only Seng'u returned to South China and established the Jiangnan regional censorates at Yangzhou in 1277. 2. Jiangnan regional censorates consisted of two parts. One part was the Chinese office. It was responsible for the inspection of all officials, including ministers of regional secretariats, in South China. The other part consisted of the Wutouxia corps, responsible for suppressing rebellions in South China. Seng'u controlled both of these sections. 3. Based on the following three factors, it becomes evident that the Jiangnan regional censorate functioned as the supreme department of the Yuan Dynasty in South China. (1) Only the Jiangnan regional censorate, among all offices in South China, was responsible for the supervision of the whole area of South China. (2) Seng'u held a much more important place in the Qubilai Administration than did any of the generals who formed the four regional secretariats in South China. (3) Among the commanders of the armies which advanced into the areas held by the Southern Song, only Seng'u returned to South China.
著者
切岩 祥和
出版者
静岡大学
巻号頁・発行日
2019-06-18

2016年度~2018年度 科学研究費助成事業(基盤研究(C)(一般))研究成果報告書
著者
菊地 俊夫 山本 充 キクチ トシオ ヤマモト ミツル Kikuchi Toshio Yamamoto Mitsuru
出版者
首都大学東京 大学院都市環境科学研究科 観光科学域
雑誌
観光科学研究 (ISSN:18824498)
巻号頁・発行日
no.4, pp.15-27, 2011-03-30

本論文はドイツ・バイエルン州における農家民宿に注目し,農村空間の商品化にともなうルーラルツーリズムの発展をプルーリアクティビティ(多就業形態)と関連づけながら検討した。バイエルン州では,農村の景観や農牧業,および生活文化が農家民宿の発展と相互に関連しながら維持され,それらのアトラクションの商品化を促進させることで農村観光の発展が図られてきた。農村空間の商品化は農村の景観や農牧業,および生活文化を維持することに貢献し,そのことが農家民宿や農村観光のさらなる発展につながった。バイエルン州ではプルーリアクティビティが機能し,酪農や林業,および農家民宿が行われることで,すべての土地基盤にわたって農村資源が利用されるようになり,そのことによって農村景観が維持される。農村景観は農家民宿の利用者や農村観光の訪問者のアトラクションとなり,農村空間の商品化が決定づけられた。