- 著者
-
堤 一昭
- 出版者
- 史学研究会 (京都大学文学部内)
- 雑誌
- 史林 (ISSN:03869369)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.75, no.3, pp.p322-357, 1992-05
個人情報保護のため削除部分あり一三世紀後半におけるモンゴル帝国〜元朝の南宋征服戦は、その歴史的重要性から、戦争経過については研究がなされているが、戦争を実行した軍団については研究が手薄である。本稿は、華北戦線に参加したモンゴル軍国を対象とし、軍団長の家系を探り、その歴代の人物の歴史をたどった。探し得た家系はウリャンカン部族スベエテイ家、ジャイラル部族ブジェク家、ナイマン部族マチャ家、タングト部族チャガン家、マングト部族ボロゴン家、フウシン部族タガチャル家、ジャライル部族チョルカン家の七家である。彼らが長となった軍団の軍府名は「蒙古軍都元帥府」「山東河北蒙古軍大都督府」「河南淮北蒙古軍都萬戸府」である。彼らの家系はトルコ・モンゴル系であるが、有力部族長の家ではない。多くはチンギス・ハンとの個人的な繋がりを持つ者を祖先に持つ。オゴデイ・カアン時代の金朝征服戦、対南宋戦を華北への駐屯の始まりとする。軍団長の職を世襲するとともに、行省・行台の高官を務め江南支配に関与した。彼らは、本拠地の所在・所領・官職・行動等からみて、王族や有力部族長の家系に次ぐ層を構成していたと考える。Because of its historical importance, large numbers of studies have been made on the process of the war between the Mongol Empire-Yuan dynasty and the Southern Song. But only a few studies have been made on the army which carried out the war. The author, concerned with the analysis of the Mongolian army which fought at the front in North China, traced the family-lines of the generals of the army from historical sources, and inquired into the personal histories of these families. The seven families which can be found are the Sube'etei family of the Uriangqan tribe, the Bujeg family of the Jalair tribe, the Maca family of the Naiman tribe, the Caɣan family of the Tangɣud tribe, the Boroɣon family of the Mangɣud tribe, the Taɣacar family of the Hu'usin tribe and the Coruqan family of the Jalair tribe. Generals from these families had become the chiefs of the "Supreme Marshal Office of the Mongol Army", the "Chief Military Command of the Mongol Armies in Shandong and Hebei", and the "Supreme Myriarchy Office of the Mongol Armies in Henan and Huaibei". These families were of Turkish or Mongolian descent, but they did not belong to the families of the chief of the main tribe. Many of them had an ancestor who had a personal relationship to Cinggis qan. During the Ogodei era, they were first stationed in North China, in order to fight against the Jin and the Southern Song. They held the rank of general of the army in their family for generations, assumed high official posts of Branch Secretariat and Branch Censorate, and took part in the rule of South China. Judging from the location of their bases, their domain, government posts and actions the author concludes that they comprised the stratum under the royal family and the families of the chief of the main tribe.