著者

酒井 厚 江川 伊織 菅原 ますみ 松本 聡子 相澤 仁

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17053, (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

2

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This study investigated the moderating effects of children’s conflicting relationships with their best friends on how positive parent-child relationships buffer against children’s externalizing problem behaviors directly or through their self-esteem. It also examined whether this moderating effect was conditional on children’s age. Nine hundred and twenty-six elementary and junior high school students completed the questionnaire, which covered their sense of trust in parents, self-esteem, conflicting relationships with best friends, and externalizing problem behaviors. The results of a mediation analysis revealed that children’s high sense of trust in parents buffered against externalizing problem behaviors by enhancing their self-esteem. However, moderated mediation analyses indicated that children with highly conflicting relationships with their best friends reduced the buffering effects of children’s sense of trust in parents on externalizing behaviors both directly and through their self-esteem. These findings were discussed in terms of the children’s conflicting relationships with their best friends and the children’s perception of ego-threat.

著者

佐藤 洋輔 沢宮 容子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.356-366, 2018-10

被引用文献数

1

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This study examined the associations between sexual orientation, interpersonal factors, response styles, and mental health. A total of 1,330 graduate and undergraduate students—205 LGBs (lesbians, gays, and bisexuals) and 1,125 heterosexuals—completed a questionnaire on the topics of interpersonal stress, social support, two types of response styles (rumination and problem-solving), depression, and anxiety. The analysis of variance results indicated that LGB respondents reported more rumination and interpersonal stress and less social support than heterosexual respondents. Moreover, path and mediation analyses revealed that sexual orientation can increase depression and anxiety through interpersonal factors that promote rumination or inhibit problem-solving. These results suggest that LGB youth experience greater stress in interpersonal relationships, and this stress promotes maladaptive response styles that can exacerbate mental health.

著者

伊川 美保 楠見 孝

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.367-375, 2018-10

被引用文献数

4

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食品は生きるために必要な栄養分を供給するが,多くの食品に発がん物質が含まれていることも否定できない事実である。例えば,国際がん研究機関(International Agency for Research on Cancer: IARC)が 2015 年に加工肉や赤肉に発がん性があると発表したことは,マスコミで取り上げられるや否や国内で大きな話題となった(農林水産省,2015)。こうしたことから,リスクとベネフィットを比較検討して食品を選択することが重要と考えられる。The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of numeracy on risk and benefit perceptions of food. Previous studies have shown that people tend to rely on affect feelings when appraising risk and benefit. These studies have also shown that people manifest an inverse relationship between perceived risk and benefit. However, there have not been so many studies about the roles of numeracy and critical thinking on balanced perceptions of risk and benefit. Therefore, the present study used two online surveys to clarify their roles. Results showed that people with higher numeracy had better comprehension of food risk/benefit information. Results also showed that perceived risk and benefit had a positive correlation for people with higher numeracy after information had been provided. These results were similar between Study 1 on coffee (N = 461) and Study 2 on red and processed meat (N = 496). The results suggest that people with higher numeracy have balanced perceptions of food risk/benefit, relying more on numerical information than on affect.

著者

三雲 真理子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.5, pp.291-298, 1990-12-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 2

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This experiment was attempted to investigate the strategies of pitch coding in melody processing. Twenty-six musically trained and twenty-six musically naive subjects were instructed to make recognition for melodies after a 12-s retention interval, during which four conditions of interference (i.e. pause, interfering melody, nonsense syllables, musical note names) were interpolated. Both the standard and comparison melodies were 6-tone sequences which composed of high-tonality structure or low-tonality structure. It was found that the recognition of musicians was severely distrupted by the “note names” under a tonal melody, while it was disrupted by “interfering melody” under an atonal melody. On the other hand, the recognition of non-musicians was significantly worse than musicians, and there were no significant differences in distruptive effects between the interferences. These findings suggest that musicians could used verbal (note names) coding strategy for tonal melody and sensory pitch coding strategies (ex. humming, whistling) for atonal melody, but that non-musicians could not use any effective strategies for melody coding. Results were also discussed in relation to contour and pitch of melodies.

著者

柳田 武夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.4, pp.559-596, 1932 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

23

著者

田村 和子 井上 果子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.6, pp.506-513, 2009 (Released:2011-11-03)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

11 10

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This study investigated some discriminative features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) with both clinical and normal samples using a self-report questionnaire. This questionnaire was administered to 116 clinical outpatients (diagnoses: thirty two BPD; twenty four schizophrenia; twenty six depression; twenty nine neurosis; and five other mental disorders) and to 216 college students as a normal sample. Factor analysis produced six factors: emptiness; hallucination and egorrhea; distortional body image and acts of self-inflicted injury; impulsive acting-out; loss of emotional control; and grandiose omnipotence. Distortional body image and acts of self-inflicted injury discriminated BPD the most from the other samples. No significant differences were seen between the BPD and Schizophrenia samples in terms of the hallucination or egorrhea subscales. An intense loss of emotional control, particularly control of negative emotions such as rage, was apparent in the clinical samples, which was not evident in the normal sample.

著者

山口 麻衣 鈴木 直人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.4, pp.441-445, 2007-10-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

16

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The measures used in previous studies did not consider the situation where an individual exhibits impulsive behavior. The present research examines the relationship between self reported measures and behavioral measures of impulsive abandonment and panic behavior in a problem-solving situation. The self Impulsive Behavior Questionnaire (Yamaguchi & Suzuki, 2005) was the self-reported measure of the impulsive behavior tendency. The 91 undergraduate participants were grouped based on this score (high, n=31; middle, n=33; low, n=27) were used. The behavioral measures were the correct detection and commission errors on the Continuous Performance Test. The result showed that the high impulsive group made a significantly higher number of commission errors than did the low group. The findings of this study support a consistent relationship between behavioral and self-reported measures.

著者

水野 りか 松井 孝雄

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.416-421, 2018-10

著者

益岡 都萌 西山 めぐみ 寺澤 孝文

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.409-415, 2018-10

著者

鈴木 孝明

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.403-408, 2018-10

著者

藤島 喜嗣 髙橋 幸子 江利川 滋 山田 一成

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.387-395, 2018-10

著者

中村 敏 大河内 浩人

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.396-402, 2018-10

著者

織田 涼 服部 雅史 西田 勇樹

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.376-386, 2018-10

著者

富田 真紀子 西田 裕紀子 丹下 智香子 大塚 礼 安藤 富士子 下方 浩史

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17223, (Released:2018-11-15)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

4

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A work-family balance scale was developed for middle-aged and elderly individuals. Employed people (N =1,351, 788 men and 563 women; age range, 40 to 85 years; mean age, M = 54.82, SD = 9.86 years) in the seventh study-wave of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging participated in the study. We hypothesized a four-factor structure consisting of “work-to-family conflict,” “family-to-work conflict,” “work-to-family facilitation,” and “family-to-work facilitation.” An item pool based on previous studies was developed and administered to the participants, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on their responses. The results identified 16 items related to work-family balance with a four-factor structure, which supported the hypothesis (GFI = .924, RMSEA = .073). Multiple-group analysis of populations based on age group (middle-aged, elderly) and gender established the configural and measurement invariance of the scale. Moreover, reliability (α = .69―.85) and criterion-related validity were confirmed based on mental health. Furthermore, age (the 40s, 50s, 60s, over 70) and gender differences were partially identified in the four subscales that were developed.

著者

吉田 俊和

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.189-197, 1974-10-10 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

19

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The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the energizing effect of cognitive dissonance. The hypothesis tested, derived from the Hull-Spence drive theory, stated: On a simple task, performance of Ss in the dissonant situation will be superior to that of Ss in the consonant situation. On a complex task, on the other hand, the reverse will be the case. Ss used were 80 7th-graders. Dissonance was manipulated by exposing each S to discrepancy between his self-image and his image held by his friends. The predicted Dissonance × Task interaction effect was nearly significant. Considering the factor of Ss' self-esteem affecting the effect of dissonance manipulated, the results obtained tend to support the hypothesis.

著者

寺井 仁 三輪 和久 浅見 和亮

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.4, pp.419-428, 2013-10-25 (Released:2013-12-25)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

10 22

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The Remote Associates Test (RAT) is one of the most popular tasks in experimental studies of insight in psychological and neuroscience studies. Since the RAT was originally developed for English-speaking countries, we developed a Japanese version of the RAT. This paper provides a brief overview of the structure of the task based on chunk decomposition using Japanese kanji characters and a list of sets of words as experimental stimuli, with representative data for experimental studies of insight.

著者

新国 佳祐 邑本 俊亮 深谷 優子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.3, pp.193-201, 2012 (Released:2012-11-23)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study explored the phonological role of punctuation in silent reading. Previous studies have suggested that commas trigger prosodic information, such as a pause, in implicit phonological processing during reading, which influences sentence processing considerably. In this study, 24 graduate and undergraduate students read, either silently or under articulatory suppression, syntactically ambiguous Japanese sentences with different types of semantic bias. Each sentence was presented with or without a comma that was either compatible or incompatible with each semantic bias. The results showed that in the silent reading condition, commas affect the duration of sentence reading and that even a comma that was incompatible with the semantic bias increased the interpretation that each comma favored. However, in the articulatory suppressed condition these effects of commas disappeared. We concluded that commas phonologically affect the processing of syntactically ambiguous sentences, which indicates that commas elicit prosodic information when constructing phonological representations in reading.

著者

藤井 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.1, pp.93-99, 2014-04-25 (Released:2014-04-15)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

5 1

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The present study focused on the discrepancy between explicit self-esteem and implicit self-esteem, using the Name Letter Task with 86 graduate students. In line with suggestions from previous research, participants high in explicit self-esteem but low implicit self-esteem (called “defensive high self-esteem”) showed higher in-group favoritism than participants who had high explicit and implicit self-esteem (called “secure high self-esteem”). Participants with defensive self-esteem reported higher levels of depression than secure self-esteem participants. These results strengthen the generalizability for the conceptualizations of “defensive” and “secure” high self-esteem. However, participants with low self-esteem did not show significant interactions with any variables.

著者

西村 多久磨 村上 達也 櫻井 茂男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.345-355, 2018 (Released:2018-10-25)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

2

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Development of prosociality and a trajectory in prosocial behaviors have been a major interest among developmental psychologists. The present study investigates age-related changes in prosocial behaviors from middle childhood to early adolescence based on the relational approach, emphasizing relations with the recipients of the prosocial behaviors (i.e., prosocial behavior toward family, strangers, and friends). A total of 1,829 Japanese students (944 boys and 885 girls) from mid-elementary and junior high schools (ages 9―14 at the time of the first measurement) participated in a one-year longitudinal study. This sample consisted of five cohorts: the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grade samples. The results of the latent difference score model showed a decrease in prosocial behaviors once, as mean level of individual changes; while at the same time, the model indicated a bounce-back in prosociality after the middle of the junior high school period. Additionally, we found unique changes in prosocial behaviors toward family in the form not following the overall developmental trajectory.

著者

藤田 統

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.122-133, 1959 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

126

被引用文献数

2 1