著者

渡邊 寛

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.5, pp.488-498, 2017-12

著者

雨宮 怜 坂入 洋右

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.5, pp.470-477, 2017-12

著者

高橋 哲 西原 舞

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.5, pp.460-469, 2017-12

著者

山内 貴史 須藤 杏寿 丹野 義彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.6, pp.498-505, 2009 (Released:2011-11-03)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3 8

---

The Brief Core Schema Scales (BCSS; Fowler, Freeman, Smith, kuipers, Bashforth, Coker, Hodgekins, Gracie, Dunn, and Garety, 2006) were devised to assess schemata concerning the self and others. In the BCSS, four schemata——Negative Self (NS), Positive Self (PS), Negative Others (NO), and Positive Others (PO)——are assessed by means of self-ratings. In this study, we developed the Japanese version of the BCSS (JBCSS) and reported the reliability and validity of the scales, using Japanese undergraduates. There were 200 students in the first survey (Time 1) and 128 in the second survey (Time 2). The results revealed that the JBCSS had a four-factor structure, good internal consistency, and acceptable test-retest reliability. In addition, multiple regression analyses with schemata as the independent variables and paranoid ideation and grandiose ideation as the dependent variables indicated that negative schemata about the self and others were generally associated with paranoid ideation, and positive schemata about the self were associated with grandiose ideation. The analyses suggested that the JBCSS had good reliability and validity as a measure of schemata about the self and others related to paranoid and grandiose ideation.

著者

中村 雅彦 斎藤 和志 若林 満

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.15-22, 1990-04-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

4 3

---

The purpose of this study was to investigate how attitude change is generated by the recipient's degree of attitude formation, evaluative-emotional elements contained in the persuasive messages, and source expertise as a peripheral cue in the persuasion context. Hypotheses based on the Attitude Formation Theory of Mizuhara (1982) and the Elaboration Likelihood Model of Petty and Cacioppo (1981, 1986) were examined. Eighty undergraduate students served as subjects in the experiment, the first stage of which involving manipulating the degree of attitude formation with respect to nuclear power development. Then, the experimenter presented persuasive messages with varying combinations of evaluative-emotional elements from a source with either high or low expertise on the subject. Results revealed a significant interaction effect on attitude change among attitude formation, persuasive message and the expertise of the message source. That is, high attitude formation subjects resisted evaluative-emotional persuasion from the high expertise source while low attitude formation subjects changed their attitude when exposed to the same persuasive message from a low expertise source. Results exceeded initial predictions based on the Attitude Formation Theory and the Elaboration Likelihood Model.

著者

和田 裕一 岩崎 祥一 加藤 孝義

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.263-269, 2003-08-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

24

---

The six attentional-style subscales of the Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style (TAIS, Nideffer, 1976) have been used mainly in the sport psychology area to investigate the relationship between attentional abilities and performance. This study assessed the validity of the Japanese version of the TAIS attentional-style subscales with 157 male and 163 female students. A confirmatory factor analysis failed to validate Nideffer's attentional dimension of bandwidth (narrow to broad attention) and direction (internal to external). The findings replicate previous studies which showed that the structure of the TAIS attention-related subscales is not reasonable and its factorial validity does not meet the needs of psychometrics.

著者

雨宮 怜 坂入 洋右

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.5, pp.470-477, 2017 (Released:2017-12-25)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

5

---

This study investigated the relationship between athletes’ mindfulness and future decrements in performance. Participants were 116 university athletes (male = 63, female = 53, unknown = 3, mean age = 19.25, SD = 0.98). The participants completed a questionnaire comprising a few questions related to socio-demographic variables, the Athletes Mindfulness Questionnaire (AMQ), and the Athletes Performance Decrement Questionnaire (APDQ) at time 1 and time 2 (4–7 months after time 1). The results of a cross-lagged effects model revealed that AMQ score at time 1 was positively associated with AMQ score at time 2 and negatively associated with APDQ score at time 2. However, APDQ score at time 1 was positively associated only with APDQ score, but not AMQ score, at time 2. This study’s results indicated that athletes’ mindfulness is unidirectionally associated with decrements in performance. This implies that increasing mindfulness may be an effective method for preventing impairments in athletic performance arising from psychological factors.

著者

羽鳥 健司 石村 郁夫 樫村 正美 浅野 憲一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.2, pp.156-161, 2013-06-25 (Released:2013-09-01)

参考文献数

20

---

This study examined the effect of writing about the perceived benefits (WPB) of an interpersonal transgression on subjective well-being and feelings of hostility. Participants (N = 74) who reported experiencing a highly stressful interpersonal trouble within the past year were randomly assigned to one of four conditions that consisted of 20-minute writing tasks conducted over a three-day period in which they wrote about either (a) the perceived benefits resulting from the trouble, (b) the features of the trouble, (c) the features in the first 10 minutes and the perceived benefits of the trouble in the last 10 minutes, or (d) a control topic that was unrelated to the trouble. Results of analysis of covariance revealed that group A had significantly decreased hostility. Furthermore groups A and B showed a significant increase in subjective well-being compared to the control condition. Issues related to WPB are discussed.

著者

山内 貴史 須藤 杏寿 丹野 義彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.6, pp.498-505, 2009

被引用文献数

8

---

The Brief Core Schema Scales (BCSS; Fowler, Freeman, Smith, kuipers, Bashforth, Coker, Hodgekins, Gracie, Dunn, and Garety, 2006) were devised to assess schemata concerning the self and others. In the BCSS, four schemata——Negative Self (NS), Positive Self (PS), Negative Others (NO), and Positive Others (PO)——are assessed by means of self-ratings. In this study, we developed the Japanese version of the BCSS (JBCSS) and reported the reliability and validity of the scales, using Japanese undergraduates. There were 200 students in the first survey (Time 1) and 128 in the second survey (Time 2). The results revealed that the JBCSS had a four-factor structure, good internal consistency, and acceptable test-retest reliability. In addition, multiple regression analyses with schemata as the independent variables and paranoid ideation and grandiose ideation as the dependent variables indicated that negative schemata about the self and others were generally associated with paranoid ideation, and positive schemata about the self were associated with grandiose ideation. The analyses suggested that the JBCSS had good reliability and validity as a measure of schemata about the self and others related to paranoid and grandiose ideation.

著者

水野 りか 松井 孝雄

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.376-382, 2017-10

著者

武内 智弥

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.396-402, 2017-10

著者

吉岡 源之亮

出版者

The Japanese Psychological Association

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.6, pp.757-768, 1928

被引用文献数

4

---

Facial expression in anger was studied experimentally with a monkey. The choice of the subject was based on the following reasons:(I) Since the object of the study aimed at getting as pure a native expression as possible, human adults were thought unsuitable. (2) Human infants were impossible to get due to two requirements imposed on, which were that no attendant was allowed, and that the child was to be excited to anger. (3) A monkey is relatively free in its emotional expression from environmental influence and also from suggestion. (4) The facial musculature of a monkey is almost identical with that of man. A Macacus cynomologous female owned by D:. Tinklepaugh, Yale University, was excited by two anger stimuli, and snap-shot pictures were taken. Fig. 3 shows "Psyche" threatened by a stranger with a stick. Fig. 4 shows "Psyche" challenging a dummy bear. The characteristic expression of anger here shown is that opining of the mouth, widening of the nostril, exposure of the teeth, frowning of the forehead. These features of expression are indicative of the circulatory and respiratory responses in preparation for a fight. Hence it was concluded that the native human facial expression in anger originates from circulatey and respiratory responses in preparation for a fight, and has a phylogenetic significance.

著者

藤木 大介 若杉 佳彦 楞野 祥子 岩本 理沙 島田 英昭

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.390-395, 2017

被引用文献数

1

---

<p>When reading narratives, readers infer the emotions of characters and empathize with them. Emphathic responses can be parallel or reactive. This study, based on the dual-process theory, investigated which emotional responses (i.e., emotion inference, parallel response, or reactive response) in reading are caused by system 1 (unconscious, implicit, automatic, low-effort process) and which depend on system 2 (conscious, explicit, controlled, high-effort process). As cognitive load affects responses influenced by system 2, the effects of working memory load on reading were examined. Participants were divided into two groups based on working memory capacity, and instructed to read narratives under a dual-tasks situation similar to the reading span test. The results revealed no effect of cognitive load on inference of characters' emotions. However, additional load did affect both types of empathic responses in the low-capacity group. Further, when cognitive load was low, emotion inference correlated with both empathic responses. These results indicate that emotion inference is an automatic process, whereas empathic responses are controlled processes.</p>

著者

上島 淳史 亀田 達也

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.383-389, 2017-10

著者

小川 昭利 横山 諒一 亀田 達也

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.366-375, 2017-10

著者

清成 透子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.1, pp.1-9, 2002-04-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

13 11

---

Yamagishi, Jin, and Kiyonari (1999) recently proposed an alternative account of ingroup favoritism in the minimal group experiment (MGE). According to the hypothesis, expectation of “bounded generalized reciprocity” that a generalized exchange system exists in the group is the primary source of the favoritism, not motivation for social identity. Partly replicating the Yamagishi et al. study, the current study with 73 participants added further evidence; they did not cooperate more with an ingroup partner than with an outgroup partner, if they believed that the partner did not know the participant's membership, regardless of the partner's membership. It was further shown that expectation of cooperation by the partner in itself was not enough to raise the participant's cooperation level. Based on these findings, it was concluded that ingroup favoritism found in MGE was a result of the shared group identity that triggered the definition of the situation as a group situation where a generalized exchange system existed for ingroup members.

著者

大谷 和大 山村 麻予

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.88.16349, (Released:2017-11-10)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4

---

This study investigated the effect of emphasis on classroom social goals (compliance goals vs. prosocial goals) on psychological reactance and intention to share the goals. Elementary school children (N = 139) participated in a questionnaire-based experiment. In the experiment, two hypothetical scenarios were presented in which hypothetical teachers emphasized classroom social goals (i.e., compliance goals, representing the minimum level of compliance with rules, versus prosocial goals, representing the ideal level of compliance with rules), and the participants were asked to rate their psychological reactance and intention to share the goal related to each condition. A within-participant t test revealed that compliance goals were higher in psychological reactance. Twocondition within-participant mediation analysis also revealed that compliance goals indirectly undermined the children’s intention to share the goals, mediated by psychological reactance.

著者

中里 浩明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.6, pp.342-347, 1977-03-20 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

15

---

This study investigated the relationship between dimensions of trait information and attraction judgments using 50male Ss. It was hypothesized and generally found that social trait information related to ratings of preferred playmate (likableness scale) and that intellectual trait information related to judgments of reliable task partner (respect scale). A selected group of 10 social-type Ss showed sensitivity to social traits of target persons, whereas 10 intellectual-type Ss were more sensitive to the intellectual traits of target persons. These effects operated independently of the normative scale values of these traits.

著者

中里 浩明 井上 徹 田中 国夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.109-117, 1975-07-30 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2 2

---

The determining effect of personality similarity upon interpersonal attraction was investigated. (1) As for extraversion, 60 Ss assigned as extraverts or introverts rated 2 standard strangers, one extraverted and the other introverted on interpersonal judgment scales. They all were attracted the extraverted stranger as a whole. (2) As for need, complementarity as well as similarity hypothesis was examined. Another 80 Ss rated 2, nurturant and succorant strangers. Similarity effect was evident on nurturance, but not explicit on succorance. And complementary effect was only slightly found. Thus, the mediating factors underlying between personality similarity and attraction are reasoned. The functioning of the affective value of infomation is such.

著者

今田 惠

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1-2, pp.126-133, 1943 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

5