著者

小野 三嗣 渡辺 雅之 長尾 憲樹 池田 道明 山本 隆宣 小野寺 昇 田中 弘之 原 英喜 湊 久美子 大橋 道雄

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.191-204, 1980-12-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

48

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低糖高蛋高脂食をあたえた青年健康男子5名に20km走を行わせ, それが血圧, 心拍数, 体重, 皮脂厚, 血液成分, 尿所見の経過に如何に反映するかを見ると共に, タウリン投与がそれをどのように変動させるかを二重盲検法によって研究し, 概ね次のような所見を得た。1) 20km走による体重減少度はタウリン投与時の方がプラセボ投与時より多かった。2) 20km走による最大血圧上昇度はタウリン投与時の方がプラセボ投与時より少なかった。3) 20km走後に上昇してくるCK-MB/CK比はタウリン投与によって減少させることができた。4) 20km走によるLDHの増加率はプラセボ投与時よりタウリン投与時の方が小さい。5) プラセボ投与時には20km走によってトリグリセライドが上昇したが, タウリン投与時には減少した。6) タウリン投与は20km走による個々の脂肪酸構成比に大きな影響をあたえる。7) 20km走によるアドレナリン値はタウリン投与時の方が大きい。8) その他の血液成分や尿中カリクレインに対しては有意の変動が見られなかった。

著者

羅 成圭 前田 清司 今井 智子 宮川 俊平

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.4, pp.409-414, 2014-08-01 (Released:2014-07-26)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

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Strenuous and consecutive exercise results in fatigue symptoms accompanied decrease in salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in athletes. On the other hand, it has been reported that plasma taurine concentration was increased after the high intensity exercise. However, change in salivary taurine concentration after strenuous and consecutive exercise is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between fatigue symptoms and changes in salivary taurine concentration in collegiate male soccer players. Thirty seven collegiate male soccer players participated in three consecutive days of match program. To detect of fatigued players, we measured awakening heart rate and body weight. As the results of these two measurements, we divided subjects to two groups (non-fatigue group, n=15; fatigue group, n=22). We also measured salivary sIgA and taurine concentrations before and after program. Before the program, there were no significant differences in any parameters between two groups. Salivary flow rate and sIgA secretion rate were significantly decreased after the program in the fatigue group. Furthermore, salivary taurine concentration was significantly increased after the program in the fatigue group. In the non-fatigue group, there were no significant differences in any parameters during program. Our results indicated that salivary taurine concentration increased after consecutive high-intense exercise in the collegiate male soccer players.

著者

吉田 一也 小﨑 恵生 森 翔也 竹村 雅裕

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.3, pp.243-251, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-05-10)

参考文献数

30

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Previous study reported that baseball pitchers had a decreased shoulder internal rotation (IR) range of motion after pitching. However, whether the decreased range of motion associated with pitching is caused by tightness of the posterior shoulder has not been clarified yet. The joint stiffness in the passive torque can be compared with posterior shoulder tightness before and after pitching. Hence, this study aimed to compare shoulder IR stiffness based on passive torque before and after pitching in baseball pitcher. Eleven health male collage baseball pitchers were recruited. Passive torque during IR (max IR, peak torque and stiffness) of dominant and non-dominant arms was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Measurements were taken before, after, and post 24 hours after pitching (105 pitches). It was observed that after pitching, max IR and peak torque were significantly decreased compared to those before pitching. However, there was no difference in the stiffness of passive torque among three measurements. In conclusion, healthy college baseball pitchers have a decreased IR range of motion after pitching. However, this result is not due to posterior shoulder tissue tightness, but because of altered stretch tolerance.

著者

辻野 昭

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.94-100, 1964-09-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

5

著者

川西 範明 矢野 博己 鈴木 克彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.106, 2014 (Released:2014-01-24)

参考文献数

2

著者

小野 三嗣 荻野 光男

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.64-68, 1963-06-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

4

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東京都内T小学校, 埼玉県下S小学校の就学学童全員について, 昭和37年7月, 身長, 坐高, (下肢長) 膝上高, 膝下高を測定し, 長育発育の比率動態を研究した結果, 次の結論を得た。1) 埼玉S小学校の身長は, 男子は1961年の身長水準に概ね一致しているが, 女子の発育は不充分で1950年度の全国水準値付近にとどまっている。2) 東京T小学校は男女ともに, 1961年の全国水準より大きい。3) 下肢長発育傾向はS校よりもT校の方が強いが, 東京練馬区の2小学校調査では, 遂年的に下肢長比が増大する傾向が認められる。4) 東京T小学校と埼玉S小学校の下肢長発育の差は, 特に下腿長発育の差に強く現われている。以上の事実に若干の考察を加えると共に, 机, 椅子の高さとの関係について言及した。

著者

西脇 雅人 小田 啓之 尾井 直矢 久米 大祐

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.3, pp.215-225, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-05-10)

参考文献数

34

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Single-tooth sandals under new development have special material and shape characteristics. Exercises with single-tooth sandals can increase pressing stimulus on the soles of the feet, thereby suppressing a decline in medial longitudinal arch and elevating sole surface temperature. This study thus aimed to examine the effects of exercise with single-tooth sandals on medial longitudinal arch and sole surface temperature. Sixteen young adults (23 ± 5 years) participated in 20 min of stepping exercise on the spot. They randomly put on a regular normal sandal (N conditions) or a single-tooth sandal (Z conditions) on each left and right side. Before and after exercise, medial longitudinal arch and sole surface temperature were assessed by digital caliper and straightedge and thermography, respectively. No significant differences in baseline parameters were observed between N and Z conditions. After exercise, arch height and arch height ratio significantly reduced in N conditions, but not in Z conditions. Central sole surface temperature in Z conditions also increased significantly, and the changes in surface temperature were significantly higher in Z conditions than in N conditions. Therefore, these findings suggest that exercise with single-tooth sandals has a positive effect on a suppressing decline in medial longitudinal arch and an elevation in sole surface temperature.

著者

石井 好二郎

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.39, 2023 (Released:2023-01-15)

著者

池袋 敏博 久保 啓太郎 岡田 純一 矢田 秀昭 角田 直也

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.4, pp.401-411, 2011 (Released:2011-08-30)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

7 7

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This study aimed to investigate the differences in the development of muscle thickness (MT) in the lower limbs with specific sports-event training. Furthermore, the relationship between MT of the lower limbs for weightlifters and sprinters and their competition performances (total weight lifted and 100m sprint times) was examined. Subjects were 64 males divided into 3 groups: weightlifters (n=20), sprinters (n=20), and untrained subjects as controls (n=24). The MT{relative to (body weight)1/3}of knee extensors (KE), knee flexors (KF), plantar flexors (PF) and dorsi flexors (DF) was measured at 21 sites (proximal, middle and distal) along the length of the upper and lower leg by B-mode ultrasound. The MT of KE for weightlifters was significantly greater than that for sprinters and controls, while the MT of KF and PF for sprinters was significantly greater than that for weightlifters and controls. The MT of rectus femoris (RF), vastus intermedius (VI), vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) for weightlifters was significantly greater than that for sprinters and controls, while the MT of RF and VM for sprinters was greater than that of controls. On the other hand, the MT of KE for weightlifters and sprinters (especially VM) correlated significantly with competition performances. These results indicated that squatting affected the MT of KE except for RF while sprinting affected the MT of KF and PF. It was also concluded that the MT of KE for weightlifters and sprinters (particularly VM) was related to their competition performances.

著者

鈴木 基文

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.31, 2023 (Released:2023-01-15)

著者

高野 成子 端 利志明

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.5, pp.255-263, 1986-10-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

6

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Cardiovascular responses to weight-lifting exercise were studied on eight experienced weight lifters, with an aim at examining the difference in the responses between two weight-lifting forms of “Snatch”and“Jerk”and that between the subjects. The exercise was performed successively at five exercise intensities interposing 3.5-min rest in sitting position : 10 repetitive lifts for 30 sec with 20, 40 and 60% of the maximum single lift, 3 repetitive lifts within 25 sec with 80% and finally the maximum single lift (100%·1 RM) . Each of“Snatch”and“Jerk”experiments was done on separate days. Blood pressures (BP) in sitting position were measured in sphygmomanometry at rest and 30 sec before and 12 sec after exercise. Heart rate (HR) was measured in a 30 sec pooling method throughout the experimental period. The following results and suggestions were obtained.(1) Resting HR and BP that were measured before the exercise were not different between“Snatch”and“Jerk” experiments.(2) At each exercise intensity, HR during exercise (exercise HR) was slightly greater in“Snatch”than in “Jerk”, the difference being not significant. Exercise HR at 100%·1 RM was 114±9 (SD) beats/min in “Snatch”and 111±7 beats/min in“Jerk”.(3) Anticipative tachypnea occurring prior to exercise became stronger as the weight to be lifted became heavier.(4) At each exercise intensity, the inter-subject difference in exercise HR was due to the difference in the absolute weight lifted for subjects weighing lighter, and for those weighing heavier it was due to the differences in the resting HR as well as in the absolute weight lifted.(5) Thus, exercise HR in weight lifting that requires nearly maximal dynamic contraction for 10-30 sec seems to be determined not only by the exercise intensity but also by resting HR, anticipative tachypnea and experience.(6) At lower exercise intensities, post-exercise BP was significantly higher in“Snatch”than in“Jerk”, while the difference between the two weight-lifting forms disappeared at higher intensities. At 100%·1 RM, post-exercise BP was around 145 mmHg for the systolic pressure and 77 mmHg for the diastolic pressure in both lift forms.(7) At each exercise intensity, the inter-subject difference in post-exercise BP was accounted for by that in the resting BP but not in the absolute weight lifted. Accordingly, the rise in BP with exercise, calculated as post-exercise BP minus resting BP, was invariable with the subjects. At 100%·1 RM, the rise in BP was 25 mmHg for the systolic pressure and 10 mmHg for the diastolic pressure.(8) Difference in cardiovascular responses between the two weight-lifting forms and interpretation of post-exercise values of BP and HR are discussed.

著者

利光 孝之 牧野 聖也 北條 研一 鈴木 良雄 仲村 明 高梨 雄太 鯉川 なつえ 長門 俊介 櫻庭 景植 竹田 和由 奥村 康 澤木 啓祐

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.2, pp.161-172, 2023-04-01 (Released:2023-03-13)

参考文献数

30

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ingesting yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (OLL1073R-1) on the immune function of healthy university men track and field athletes. Study design Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. A total of 37 track and field athletes aged ≥18 years were randomly assigned into two groups. For 2 weeks, two bottles of yogurt fermented with OLL1073R-1 and Streptococcus thermophilus OLS3059 or placebo sour milk were ingested daily to the participants. During the intake period, a 1-week training camp was held and participants were subjected to strenuous exercise. Natural killer (NK) cell activity, which is the primary endpoint, was significantly lower in the placebo group after ingestion than that at baseline; however, it remained unchanged during the pre-exercise level of the yogurt group. The two-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed an interaction effect in the NK cell activity change (P=0.018) and a significant difference between the groups after the 2-week ingestion (P=0.015). Among the secondary endpoints, cytokines and chemokines levels involved in activating innate immunity maintained or enhanced only in the yogurt group. ALT, LDH, and CK significantly elevated only in the placebo group. Furthermore, amino acid levels were significantly lower in the placebo group after ingestion than that at baseline; however, it remained unchanged during the pre-exercise level in the yogurt group. Consuming yogurt fermented with OLL1073R-1 prevents the decline in immune function associated with strenuous exercise. Additionally, the yogurt may contribute to stable physical condition.

著者

山田 陽介 木村 みさか 中村 榮太郎 増尾 善久 小田 伸午

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.5, pp.461-472, 2007-10-01 (Released:2007-11-22)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

17 12

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Although skeletal muscle mass decreases with aging, its decrease rate may differ among parts of the body. There have been few studies examining the differences in the muscle mass decrease rate between proximal and distal parts of the limbs or between the left and right legs in a large population. Bioelectrical impedance (BI) index, calculated as the ratio of the square of segment length to impedance, is linearly correlated with the muscle mass calculated by MRI (r=0.902-0.976, p<0.05, Miyatani et al., 2001) in the limb segments. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the decrease rate of muscle mass between the proximal and distal parts of the limbs and between the upper and lower limbs in healthy Japanese. The BI index was measured in the bilateral thighs, lower legs, upper arms, and forearms of 1006 healthy Japanese men and women (aged 15-97 years). While the BI index decreased with aging in all examined parts of the body, the decrease rate was larger in the lower limb than in the upper limb, and in the thigh than in the lower leg. The percentage of people who showed a difference of more than 10 % in the BI index between the left and right lower limbs was significantly higher in the elderly than in young subjects. These differences in the decrease rate of muscle mass between limbs may be associated with decreases in physical functions in the elderly.

著者

沢井 史穂 白山 正人 武藤 芳照 宮下 充正

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.155-163, 1990-06-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

5 3

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近赤外分光法は, 従来, 食品成分の非破壊分析法として用いられてきたが, 近年アメリカにおいてこの方法をヒトの体脂肪率の推定に応用する試みがなされ, 携帯用小型測定器が開発された.本研究は, この測定法を日本においても汎用可能とするための日本人用体脂肪率推定式を決定しようとするものである.年齢, 体格, 身体活動量の異なる18~58歳の健常な男性69名, 女性52名を対象に, 身長, 体重, 体脂肪率を測定した.体脂肪率は, 水中体重法, 皮脂厚法, 近赤外分光法の3方法を用いて推定した.近赤外分光法の測定部位は, 予備実験の結果, アメリカにおける先行研究と同様, 他の測定法による体脂肪率との相関が最も高かった上腕二頭筋中央部とし, 947mmの近赤外線を照射して光吸収スペクトルを得た.被検者の1/2について, それぞれの近赤外スペクトルの値を水中体重法による体脂肪率に回帰させ, 体脂肪率推定式を算出した.残り1/2の被検者の近赤外スペクトルをその式に代入して得た体脂肪率と水中体重法によって求めた体脂肪率の値とを比較したところ, r=0.89 (SEE=2.9) の高い相関が認められた.これは, 水中体重法と皮脂厚法との間の相関係数とほぼ同様の値であった.アメリカ人用の推定式の決定には, 近赤外分光法スペクトルの他に身長, 体重, 年齢の変数を加えた方が, 相関係数の値が高くなったと報告されているが, 日本人の場合, 他の変数を加えても相関係数の値はほとんど変わらなかった.また, 測定部位における左右差はなかった.したがって, 近赤外分光法による日本人用体脂肪率の推定式は, 体脂肪率=54.14-29.47× (947nmにおける近赤外スペクトル値) 〔r=0.88 (p<0.01) , SEE=3.2〕と決定された.

著者

井原 拓哉 秋本 剛 大林 弘宗 山中 悠紀 浦辺 幸夫

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, pp.357-362, 2010 (Released:2010-09-15)

参考文献数

15

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Decrease in the hip extension range of motion (HE-ROM) can cause lumbar hyperlordosis. Hyperlordosis is one of the mechanisms underlying low back pain. A diagnosis of low back pain from hyperlordosis can be used to detect the area in which hyperlordosis occurs more easily—the upper or lower lumbar spine. Twenty-one men were recruited for this study. HE-ROM was measured manually. Lumbar alignment was measured on a bed in a prone position. We extended the subject's hip by bending the bed at 4 angles (0°, 10°, 15°, 30°) and measured the spinal alignment by using a SpinalMouse. The results showed that lumbar lordosis increased at the bed angles of 15°and 30°. Only when the bed angle was changed from 0° to 30°, the increased angle of the lumbar spine was negatively correlated to the HE-ROM (r=-0.46, p<0.05), particularly that of the lower lumbar spine (r=-0.47, p<0.05). These findings suggested that lower lumbar lordosis tends to increase in individuals with poor HE-ROM. Additionally, increase in lower lumbar lordosis is attributed to the tendency to have low back pain in the lower lumbar spine.

著者

織田 恵輔 臼井 達矢 上田 真也 桂 良寛 吉川 貴仁 小林 茂 藤本 繁夫

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.3, pp.313-318, 2012-06-01 (Released:2012-06-15)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

4

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Although there are a number of reported cases of increased cerebral blood flow during exercise, there are no reports on the relation between changes of blood flow during exercise and attentional function. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relation between changes of blood flow during exercise with AT intensity and attentional function, using near-infrared spectral analysis. The subjects were 10 healthy males. The research protocol was to conduct steady load exercise. We randomly conducted two invention trials: 1) an exercise/task trial in which a trail making test (TMT) was performed as an attentional assignment during steady load exercise, and 2) a rest/task trial in which TMT was performed during rest as a control. As a result, we observed the following: increase of oxy-Hb in the prefrontal cortex during AT exercise, the significant shortening of TMT during exercise from 69.1±10.2 seconds to63.2±7.2seconds, and, with further control, that the more oxy-Hb rises, the more TMT time is shortened. From these results, it is suggested that 10 minutes of exercise would improve attentional function, and furthermore, there is a possibility that increased cerebral blood flow may be involved with the improvement of attentional function.

著者

鈴木 政登 清水 桃子 河辺 典子 高尾 匡 町田 勝彦 川上 憲司

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.329-344, 1996-04-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

5 1

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加齢およびlife styleに起因した有酸素性作業能 (VO2max) の低下, 高血圧, 血清脂質の上昇および筋量や骨密度 (BMD) の低下は「寝たきり, 痴呆性老人」発症の危険因子とされる.本研究は, 年齢やlife styleおよび運動の習慣化の動機などそれぞれが異なる20~76歳の健康女性165名を対象とした横断的研究であり, これらの危険因子が習慣的運動によって改善または除去されるか否かを調べる目的でなされた.1回30分間以上, 週2回以上の頻度で水泳, ジョギング, エアロビックダンス等の運動を2年間以上継続している者を運動群 (Ex群, n=82) , Ex群としての条件を満たさない者および運動習慣がない者を対照群 (Cont群, n=83) とし, 40~60歳までは5歳刻みで, それ以下およびそれ以上の年齢の者は一括して比較した.運動習慣の有無のみならず閉経年齢や嗜好品および就業状況などlife styleの調査も行い, 次のような研究結果を得た.1) 本被検者165名のうち閉経者は89名 (54%) おり, 閉経年齢の平均は49.7±3.1歳 (閉経期間1~23年間) であった.2) 常習的喫煙者は35名, 週1回以上の頻度の飲酒習慣を有する者は100名みられた.3) 加齢にともなって体重あたりVO2max (n=165, r=-0.590) およびHRmax (r=-0.722) は有意 (p<0.001) に減少した.Ex群のVO2maxはCont群に比し有意な高値を維持しつつ加齢にともない減少したが, HRmaxには2群間の差はなかった.4) 安静時血圧は40歳未満の群が有意な低値を示した他は隣合う年齢間に有意差こそなかったが, 明らかに加齢にともないSBP (r=0.391) , DBP (r=0.315) ともに有意 (P<0.001) な上昇を示した.しかし, 本被検者165名の中には160/95mmHg以上の者はいなかった.安静血圧にはEx, Cont群間に有意差はなかったが, 運動前後の差 (ΔSBP, ΔDBP) はEx群がやや高い傾向であった.5) 血液成分のうち, 明かな年齢変化が認められたのは血清TC (r=0.346, p<0.001) およびLDL-C濃度 (r=0.339, p<0.001) であった.HDL-Cには年齢変化はみられなかった.Ex, Cont群間の比較では, TC, HDL-CいずれもEx群が高値傾向を示し, HDL-C/TC比には差がなかった.しかし, 本被検者のうち10, 30kmおよびフルマラソンなど公式試合出場者 (n=11, 49.7±7.7歳) では同年代の者に比し血清TCは低く (189.2±23.3mg/dl) , HDL-Cは有意に高値 (72.2±10.9mg/dl) であった.さらに, 飲酒と運動習慣を併用している者 (n=26) のHDL-C (75.8±15.8mg/dl) およびHDL-C/TC比が高かった.6) 体重や肥満度には年齢変化も2群間の差もみられなかったが, 加齢にともない%FTMが増加し, %LTMが減少する傾向であった.2群間の比較ではEx群の%LTMが高く, %FTMは低値傾向を示した.7) 閉経前にはEx群のTBMDおよびLegBMDが有意に高値であったが閉経後では2群間に有意差はなかった.しかし, 閉経後の者でもフルマラソン等公式大会に出場している者 (n=5, 52.6±1.5歳) のTBMDおよびLegBMDはCont群 (51~55歳) のそれに比し有意に高値であった.8) VO2max, 体組成, 骨密度および血清脂質濃度相互の関連を調べた結果, VO2max総量はLTM (kg) と高い相関 (r=0.669) を示し, VO2max/LTMは加齢にともなって減少したが, いずれの年齢でも常にEx群が有意な高値であった.体重あたりVO2maxは%FTMとは逆相関 (r=-0.442) , %LTMとは正相関 (r=0.422) を示した.しかし, 血清TC, HDL-C濃度とは関連がなく, 安静時SBP (r=-0.232, p<0.01) およびDBP (r=-0.192, p<0.05) とは低い相関係数しか示されなかった.一方, BMDは年齢の他に体重, それもLTMの影響を強く受けた.しかし, TBMDと体重あたりVO2maxとの相関は必ずしも高くはなかった (r=0.354, p<0.001) .骨密度およびVO2maxにおよぼす諸要因の重回帰分析を行った結果, 次のような回帰式を得た.全身骨密度 (TBMD; g・cm-2)=0.9525-0.0045×Age+0.0059×FTM (kg) +0.0072×LTM (kg)(n=165, R=0.669, p<0.001)VO2max (ml・kg-1・min-1)=47.97-0.391×Age+0.175×Leg BMD (g・cm-2) -0.531×%FTM (%)(n=165, R=0.715, p<0.001)尚, 上記二式の偏回帰係数はすべて0.1%水準で有意であった.以上の研究結果から, 習慣的運動によって全身持久性能力 (VO2max) や筋の最大酸化能 (VO2max/LTM) は高く維持されるが, 加齢による骨密度の減少や血清脂質の改善を期待することは困難であり, これらの改善にはより厳密な運動処方が必要であることがわかった.しかし, 体重あたりVO2maxは骨密度 (例えば, 脚骨密度; r=0.395) や筋量指標 (%LTM; r=0.422) と有意 (p<0.001) な正相関を示したことから,

著者

岡崎 和伸

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.47, 2015 (Released:2015-01-25)

著者

八幡 薫 佐藤 成 清野 涼介 稲葉 和貴 須藤 重樹 平泉 翔 中村 雅俊

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.157-164, 2020-02-01 (Released:2020-01-21)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2

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It is well known that eccentric exercise induces muscle damage that is characterized by a prolonged decrease in muscle strength and range of motion, development of delayed onset muscle soreness. The previous studies showed that hold-relax stretching (HRS) was effective for improving the decreases in range of motion and muscle soreness. In addition, modified proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (mPNF) was an equally effective for HRS. However, it was unclear whether there are differences between acute effects of HRS and mPNF on muscle strength and muscle soreness in eccentrically damaged muscle. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the acute effects of HRS with those of mPNF on muscle strength and soreness in eccentrically damaged muscle. The participants comprised 40 volunteers randomly assigned to either the HRS group (N = 20) or the mPNF group (N = 20). Initially, the participants of both groups performed 60 maximal eccentric contractions of the knee extensors. Two days after this exercise, each group performed either HRS or mPNF for 60 s at a time and repeated them six times for a total of 360 s. Muscle strength and soreness during stretching and contraction were measured before and immediately after HRS and mPNF. The results showed that the muscle soreness observed after eccentric contraction significantly decreased immediately after both HRS and mPNF. In addition, there were no significant changes in muscle strength immediately after both HRS and mPNF. These results suggest that while both HRS and mPNF can effectively decrease muscle soreness without reducing performance.

著者

萩原 正大 山本 正嘉

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.327-341, 2011 (Released:2011-07-12)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

5 5

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We simulated mountain climbing using walking on a treadmill in order to systematically evaluate the physical load during mountain climbing. The conditions of three types of load-(1) inclination of the walking path (walking uphill and downhill), (2) walking speed, and (3) backpack weight-were varied within the range assumed for normal mountain climbing (40 sets of conditions in total). When the three types of load were expressed as vertical work rate, energy expenditure (VO2) during walking uphill and downhill was distributed along roughly the same curve. The following characteristics of walking uphill and downhill were observed.A. Walking uphillFor all three types of load, increase in load gave a linear increase in VO2 and heart rate (HR). A lactate threshold (LT) appeared at an intensity of 62%VO2max, when HR was 78% HRmax. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was evaluated for the “Breathlessness” and “Leg Fatigue”, and both of these increased roughly in proportion to %VO2max.B. Walking downhillWhen walking downhill, VO2 was 35-50% the intensity of VO2 when walking uphill on the same slope and at the same speed. Energy expenditure did not exceed 60%VO2max in any of the load conditions, and no LT was seen. RPE values were higher for walking downhill than walking uphill, even when %VO2max values were the same. RPE values for the “Leg Fatigue” tended to be higher than for the “Breathlessness” at the same speed in downhill walking.Using these data, we created a table giving the intensity of exercise of mountain climbing expressed as VO2 per unit body mass and metabolic equivalents (Mets) with vertical migration velocity and total weight (Body weight + Backpack weight) as variables. This table gives mountain climbers a systematic understanding of the physical load under various mountain climbing conditions. It is likely to be of use as a reference for mountain climbers of different levels of physical fitness when practicing mountain climbing appropriate to their individual level. The present results suggest that in downhill walking, it is insufficient to express the physical load in energy expenditure (VO2 and Mets) alone, and the load on the leg muscles must also be judged using the RPE in the “Leg Fatigue”.