著者

福岡 義之 近藤 徳彦 後藤 真二 池上 晴夫

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.60-73, 1991-02-01

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Amplitude and phase response of ventilation (V_E), carbon dioxide output (VCO_2) and oxygen uptake (VO_2) during sinusoidally varying work load for periods (T) of 1〜16 min were studied in six healthy men. The relationships between these parameters and aerobic capacity (VO_2max, ATVO_2) were also examined.The results and conclusions obtained were as follows : (1)The relationship between the period (T) of exercise and amplitude response of VO_2,VCO_2 and V_E was well described by first-order exponential models.However,the relationship between the period of exercise and the phase shift (phase responses of VO_2,VCO_2,and V_E) was better described by complex models comprising a first-order exponential function and a linear equation.This can be explained by Karpman's threshold theory.(2)High negative correlations were observed between the steady-state amplitude (A) of phase response or the time constants (〓) of amplitude response and VO_2max,and ATVO_2.Significantly high negative correlations for all gas exchange parameters may be more rapid in individuals with greater aerobic capacity.(3)A close relationship between the response of VCO_2 and V_E was demonstrated by a higher correlation coefficient than that between VO_2 and VCO_2 or between VO_2 and V_E.This call be partly,but not completely,explained by the cardiodynamic theory.

著者

井上 由里 大谷 啓尊 上杉 雅之 成瀬 進 小枝 英輝

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3, pp.345-350, 2015-06-01 (Released:2015-05-28)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the past injuries of female junior high and high school soccer players in comparison with those of male junior high and high school soccer players. 41 female and 60 male players were examined for the past injuries that they had experienced. The incidence of injuries in females was 0.21±1.69 injuries per player per year compared to 0.28±0.41 injuries per player per year in males. There was not significant difference in the incidence of past injuries between males and females. The most frequently injured region was the ankle in females and the upper extremities in males. Females experienced frequent ligament injuries while males experienced frequent fractures. It was unusual that females experienced a higher rate of Osgood-Schlatter disease. Females also had more traumatic injuries caused by non-contact incidents. We conclude that it is important for female soccer players in junior high and high school to take measures to prevent ligament injuries in the lower leg and traumatic injuries caused by non-contact incidents. We need to conduct further research to reveal why the females experienced a higher rate of Osgood-Schlatter disease.

著者

鈴木 政登 坂木 佳寿美 松原 茂 三浦 次郎 塩田 正俊 飯島 好子 町田 勝彦 井川 幸雄

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.4, pp.231-242, 1990-08-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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成長期にあるスポーツ選手の運動と栄養摂取の実状を把握するとともに適正な運動と栄養のあり方を考える目的で, 次のような実験を行なった.高校生野球部員17名 (15~16歳, 169.1cm, 59.Okg) を対象に, 1週間の夏期強化練習 (自宅通学) 時にエネルギー消費量 (EE) , 栄養摂取量 (CI) , 摂取食品目数, 体重および血圧を毎日測定し, 12分間走は4回行なった.血液・尿成分は強化練習初日, 4日目および最終日 (7日目) の3回測定した.本実験結果は, 次の通りであった.1.強化練習1週間の平均EEは53.4±7.5kcal/kg/dayであった.CIはEEの87.2%に相当し, 1日あたり平均7.4kcal/kg少なかった.しかし, 体重の経日的変化は観察されなかった.2.強化練習経過にともなう血圧変化はみられなかったが, 12分間走成績は低下した.3.炭水化物 (C) , 脂肪 (F) および蛋白質 (P) の熱量比は, 1週間の平均でそれぞれ66.0, 20.3および13.8%であり, 動物性蛋白質は47.8%であった.4.食事内容は各家庭でほぼ決まっており, 個人内変動が少なかった.概ね摂取食品目数が少なく, 10品目に満たない者が35%みられ, それがほぼ1週間継続していた.5.血液成分のうち顕著に変化したのは1血清TG, TP, Hgb濃度およびCPK活性であり, 強化練習4日目から最終日にかけてCPK活性が著しく上昇し, 他は低下した.とくにTG濃度低下が著しく4日目には初日の1/3以下に激減した.6.強化練習4日目, 最終日にかけて, 無機燐 (Pi) , 尿素窒素 (UN) およびカテコールアミン (CA) 排泄量が著増し, Na, Cl排泄量は低下した.7.強化練習1週間の体重, 12分間走成績, EEおよびCIと血液・尿成分変化との相互関連を調べた結果, 負のエネルギー出納 (CI-EE) が増すほど, 尿中CA排泄量や血清CPK活性が上昇し, TG, TPおよびHgb濃度が逆に低下することが示された.以上の実験結果から, 現状の運動量と栄養摂取状態が持続すれば体重が減少し, 貧血を生じる可能性は十分あり, 体力のみならず十分な技術向上も期待できない, と考えられる.この運動量で野球練習を続けるならば, 摂取食品目数および総摂取熱量の増加, とくに脂肪 (現在の熱量比の平均20.3%) , 蛋白質 (現在平均1.509/kg/day) の摂取増加など栄養摂取面の改善が必要であると思われる.稿を終えるにあたり, 本研究遂行に御協力いただいた栄養士, 三浦かおり, 横田あけみの両氏に厚く御礼申し上げます.また, 被検者として御協力いただいた千葉県立流山中央高校野球部々員諸君ならびに大井監督に御礼申し上げます.

著者

高橋 啓悟 白井 祐介 鍋倉 賢治

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.5, pp.371-381, 2020-10-01 (Released:2020-09-16)

参考文献数

49

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This study aimed to elucidate the effects of exercise intensity on stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) function of the lower limbs after cycling. Ten male triathletes performed a cycling graded test to determine the ventilatory threshold (VT) and two hopping-cycling (30 min of cycling at 90 or 110% VT)-hopping tests. The two hopping-cycling-hopping tests performed in random order. Power output (PO), heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored throughout the 30-min cycling. Blood lactate concentrations (BLa) were measured in order to assess metabolic stress. The SSC function was calculated as the ratio of the jump height to the time spent in contact with the ground (reactive strength index [RSI]). PO, HR and RPE values during cycling at 110%VT was higher than at 90%VT (p < 0.01). BLa value after the cycling at 110%VT was higher than at 90%VT (90%VT: 2.4±1.0 vs. 110%VT: 5.9±2.8 mmol/L, p < 0.01). Regardless of the cycling exercise intensity, the RSI significantly decreased after the cycling exercise (p < 0.01). The RSI remained decreased at 15 min after the cycling exercise (p < 0.05). These results demonstrated that the SSC function decreased after cycling. Exercise intensity during cycling is likely to have no effect on the decrease in SSC function.

著者

中谷 敏昭 灘本 雅一 森井 博之

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.5, pp.643-646, 2001-10-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

4 2

著者

吉田 泰郎

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.52-64, 1958-10-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

27

著者

平田 庸子 弘原海 剛 濱田 尚美 白井 麻子 渡辺 一志

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.4, pp.269-276, 2021-08-01 (Released:2021-07-15)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1

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This study aimed to clarify the effects of carbohydrate mouth rinse on exercise performance. We examined the effect of mouth rinse on fatigability. Thirty healthy male college students completed three trials with non mouth rinse (CON), mouth rinse intervention of 6% glucose (GMR), and artificial sweetener (PLA). Handgrip exercise was performed as a fatigue task. The subjects performed a 10-seconds maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) followed by a 40% MVC rhythmic grasping movement for 14 per minutes, followed by a 4-seconds rest. This set of exercises was performed for a total of ten sets. Mouth rinse was performed from the 5th set to the 10th set. The subjects were divided into three groups: L, M, and S, according to the degree of decrease in MVC due to fatigue in CON. The effect was evaluated using the rate of change in MVC after the mouth rinse. The evaluation was performed for each trail and group. In the L group, mouth rinse significantly improved the rate of change of MVC compared with the other trials (GMR vs. CON: P = 0.002; PLA vs. CON: P = 0.042). A significant trend was observed in the M (GMR vs. CON: P = 0.062), but not in the S. In conclusion, the effects of mouth rinse differed depending on fatigability in isometric hand grip performance, with mouth rinse inhibiting the decrease of motor fatigue. In addition, it was suggested that the sweetness of carbohydrates may have an effect on mouth rinse.

著者

大森 肇 川井 紘一 山下 亀次郎

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.6, 1987-12-01

著者

間野 忠明

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.130-135, 1994-02-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2

著者

青山 敏之 阿江 数通 相馬 寛人 宮田 一弘 梶田 和宏 奈良 隆章 川村 卓

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.91-100, 2021

被引用文献数

2

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<p>The yips represent a disorder that makes it challenging for an individual to perform automatic and coordinated movements in sports activities. The cause of the yips is not sufficiently clarified, and limited information is available regarding throwing yips in baseball. Therefore, this study was designed to clarify the incidence and characteristics of the throwing yips among college baseball players. Total 107 players of the college baseball team participated in the study and completed the questionnaire by answering questions about their experience of the yips (loss of control to throw the ball accurately for more than 1 month), the symptom intensity, and changes observed in the symptoms in different situations. The 47.1% of players met the definition of throwing yips. The symptoms of the yips were more pronounced with short-distances and low intensity of throwing. Moreover, there were various subjective symptoms, such as the issue about co-contraction of the upper limb, sensory function, body ownership, and movement planning. Various physical symptoms associated with throwing yips suggest that the yips are not only a disorder of motor skills, but result from movement disorders. The present results show that the occurrence of the yips depends on the throwing condition; this finding provides useful insights into the mechanism and the treatment of the yips. Interdisciplinary studies that aim to elucidate the cause of the yips and develop effective intervention are necessary.</p>

著者

内田 昌孝 小柳 えり 小野寺 昇 矢野 博己

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.92, 2015 (Released:2015-01-25)

著者

小田 俊郎 井関 敏之 丹羽 健市 羽間 鋭雄 佐々木 美雄 近藤 達雄 藤田 一誠 山田 耕司 大谷 遷

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.4, 1966-12-01

著者

小室 史恵 柳堀 朝子 青木 和夫 宅野 栄子 後藤 修司 鈴木 洋児 郡司 篤晃

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.6, 1988-12-01

著者

綱分 憲明 田原 靖昭 湯川 幸一 千住 秀明 勝野 久美子

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.4, pp.339-349, 1993-08-01

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全国高校体育大会の女子バレーボール準優勝チーム (1988.10) 及び優勝チーム (1989.8) の九州文化学園高校選手計24名の体格, 身体組成, VO<SUB>2</SUB>max及びO<SUB>2</SUB>debtmaxを測定した.また, 同時に11ケ月間のトレーニング効果について5人を対象に検討した.得られた結果の概要は次の通りである.<BR>1.身長及び体重の平均値は, 168.3±5.22cm, 59.82±4.93kgであった.<BR>2.皮脂厚和 (8部位) の平均値は, 109.1±20.72mmであり, 一般高校生のおよそ82%であった.<BR>3.%Fatの平均値は, 17.9±3.19%で一般高校生のおよそ77%であり, LBM及びLBM/Htの平均値はそれぞれ49.03±3.64kg, 29.13±1.95kg/mであった.<BR>4.体重当たりのVO<SUB>2</SUB>max及びO<SUB>2</SUB>debtmaxの平均値は, それぞれ45.7±3.35m1/kg・min, 94.8±14.79m1/kgであった.<BR>5.同様に測定した長崎県内ベスト4チーム選手値の平均は, %Fatで22.0±3.66%, VO<SUB>2</SUB>maxで42.4±5.30m1/kg・min, O<SUB>2</SUB>debtmaxで70.5±10.27m1/kgであった.<BR>6.高校トップレベルチーム選手は, 県高校ベスト4チーム選手に比べ, %Fatは有意に低く, VO<SUB>2</SUB>max及びO<SUB>2</SUB>debtmaxは有意に優れていた.<BR>7.%Fat及びVO<SUB>2</SUB>maxは, 我が国の大学, 実業団あるいは全日本レベルとほぼ同等値であった.<BR>8.11ケ月間のトレーニングにより, VO<SUB>2</SUB>max (m1/kg・min) で有意な向上が見られ, その伸びはおよそ8%であった.なお, %Fat, LBM及びO<SUB>2</SUB>debtmaxでは, 有意な差は見られなかった.<BR>以上のことから, 九州文化学園高校チーム選手は, 全国インターハイで優勝, 準優勝という成績を収めるに必要な優れた身体組成, 有酸素的体力及び無酸素的体力をトレーニングを通して有していた.また, 資質に恵まれた選手が多く入部することも高い競技力に貢献している.

著者

綾田 練 白木 仁 福田 崇 竹村 雅裕 向井 直樹 宮川 俊平

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.125-130, 2007-02-01 (Released:2007-05-15)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 3

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathologic changes of jumper's knee before and after jumping and effects of icing after jumping. Sixteen healthy college students and sixteen collegiate volleyball players with jumper's knee were divided into two groups by eight, without icing group and with icing group after jumping exercise. Without icing groups rested for 20 minutes, while with icing groups were treated with ice for 20 minutes after eighty times of jumping. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) and sectional area of patellar tendon with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the tenderness of patellar tendon with visual analog scale were measured before and after exercise, following with or without icing and 24 and 48 hours later from the treatment. In jumper's knee group, significant increase was found in the SNR, sectional area of patellar tendon, and tenderness of patellar tendon after exercise compared to before exercise. In addition, in jumper's knee with icing group, significant decrease was found in the SNR, sectional area of patellar tendon after icing and 24 and 48 hours after icing, and the tenderness of patellar tendon after icing compared to after exercise. These results suggested that icing was an effective treatment for jumper's knee after exercise.

著者

下光 輝一

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.12, 2013 (Released:2013-02-14)

著者

森山 雅 幸 篤武

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.4, pp.257-268, 2021-08-01 (Released:2021-07-15)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3

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The aims were to investigate the changes in physical activity of university students after the COVID-19 emergency declaration was lifted, and to determine whether there were any differences in these changes between academic years. The subjects were 81 students attending university or graduate school in Kochi Prefecture who completed a baseline survey (May 2020). Analysis 1, included 51 subjects who responded to both the baseline survey and the retrospective survey (October 2020) on physical activity at 1 year prior. In Analysis 2, 71 subjects who participated in at least one follow-up examination (August 2020, November 2020) were included. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Long Form was used to assess physical activity and sitting time per week. Between October 2019 and May 2020, the total (-47.7%), vigorous (-59.3%) and moderate (-42.1%) physical activity decreased, and sitting time (+36.9%) increased. The interaction between the time of the survey and year of university (first-year, ≥second-year), analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model, on total, vigorous, walking physical activity and sitting time was significant. Especially, the estimate of least squares mean after inverse square root transformation of total physical activity in first-year students was higher in November 2020 (8192.4 METs·min/week) compared to baseline (3388.5 METs·min/week). Vigorous physical activity in first-year students was also higher in November 2020 (4773.3 METs·min/week) compared to baseline (1060.3 METs·min/week). The emergency declaration in April 2020 inhibited physical activity among university students, and the impact was particularly strong among first-year students.

著者

久枝 光 中村 好男 久野 譜也 福永 哲夫 村岡 功

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.345-355, 1996-04-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 1

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本研究では1) レジスタンストレーニングにおける高速度運動が, トレーニング後の運動速度に与える影響を明らかにすること, および, 2) トレーニングでの運動速度の差異が筋の肥大に与える影響を明らかにすることを目的とし, 健常な一般人に対して, 週4回8週間の肘関節屈曲トレーニングを行った.トレーニングには一定負荷を用い, 急速な力発揮を伴う高速度運動によるトレーニング (Type R) と, 低速度運動によるトレーニング (Type S) の2種類を行った.トレーニングに用いた運動速度の差異がトレーニング効果に与える影響を明らかにするために, 一定負荷のもとにおこなう肘関節屈曲の運動速度, 肘関節屈曲の等速性筋力および上腕屈筋群の筋横断面積を検討した.その結果, Type Rは高速度域 (300deg/s) での等速性筋力を有意に増加させなかった.一方, 一定負荷のもとに行う運動速度の増加率はType Rにおいて高い傾向がみられた.これらの結果より, 急速な力発揮を伴う高速度運動によるトレーニングは同様式の運動速度を増加させるが, 運動様式が異なる高速度域の等速性筋力を必ずしも増加させないことが示唆された.さらに, 筋横断面積の増加率はType Rにおいて有意に高値を示した.このことから, 低速度運動に比べ急速な力発揮を伴う高速度運動は, 8週間のトレーニングにおいて, より筋の肥大を起こしやすいということが示唆された.

著者

遠藤 隆志 中島 剛 坂本 将基 塩澤 伸一郎 小宮山 伴与志

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.269-278, 2006-04-01 (Released:2007-05-10)

参考文献数

38

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It has recently demonstrated that central fatigue during sustained maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) progresses faster in the presence of delayed onset muscle soreness due to eccentric contractions than in normal states (Endoh et al., 2005). However, it remains to be clarified whether these findings are related to muscle damage or muscle pain induced by eccentric contractions. The present study investigated which factor plays a more critical role in the earlier onset of central fatigue during sustained MVC with muscle pain induced by injecting hypertonic saline. Ten healthy male right-handed subjects (age, 21~32 yrs.) were asked to perform brief MVCs (~3 sec) before and after injection of isotonic saline (0.9%, 1.0 ml, ISO) or hypertonic saline (5.25%, 1.0 ml, HYP) into the left biceps brachii. The subjects then performed 1 min MVC (fatigue test) with isometric elbow flexion was done in ISO or HYP condition or intact control condition (CON). During these contractions, transcranial magnetic stimulation was delivered to the contralateral motor cortex to evaluate voluntary activation (VA), the motor evoked potential (MEP) and electromyographic (EMG) silent period (SP). Ratio of root mean square of the EMG and elbow flexion force (EMGrms/F) was also measured.The peak pain induced by the injection of HYP was significantly higher than that of ISO (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in either the maximum size of the M response or the twitch force between ISO and HYP (p>0.05). However, during the brief MVCs, both maximal force (p<0.01) and VA (p<0.05) for HYP were significantly decreased compared to those for ISO. During the fatigue test, although MVC, VA, MEP and SP were significantly altered (p<0.05~0.01), there was no significant difference among CON, ISO and HYP (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in EMGrms during the fatigue test (p>0.05).These results suggest that peripheral force-producing capacity remained intact after the injection of ISO and HYP during sustained MVC, and that progression of central fatigue during sustained MVC was less affected by the increased group III and IV afferent activity induced by HYP.

著者

小川 宣子 藤林 真美 七山(田中) 知佳 西脇 雅人

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.6, pp.455-465, 2017-12-01 (Released:2017-11-28)

参考文献数

49

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The present study aimed to examine the effects of community-based intervention on cognitive function and hand finger dexterity in older adults at different levels of time to go out. Forty men and women (age, 73 ± 1 years) participated in supervised group activity and seated exercise for 60 min per session, once each week during an 8-week intervention. The participants wore an activity monitor for 1 week to determine baseline values and for the 8 weeks of intervention. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and pegboard test, which is related to cognitive function, were assessed before and after the intervention. Based on the total time to go out at baseline, the participants were assigned to Control group (> 60 min/day, n = 18) or Short group (≦ 60 min /day, n = 22), and then analyzed. After the 8 weeks of intervention, the Control and Short groups improved physical fitness parameters such as handgrip strength. Although MMSE in the both groups did not reach statistically significant level, these values tended to increase slightly from the baseline. Interestingly, two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated significant interaction of pegboard test, and the score significantly increased only in the Short group. Total physical activity and moderate-vigorous physical activity in the both groups did not change significantly between the baseline and intervention periods. Therefore, these results suggest that the trainability of pegboard test, which is an index of hand finger dexterity and is related to cognitive function, would differ depending on the time to go out at baseline in older adults.