著者

井谷 惠子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.14090, (Released:2015-06-12)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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In 2002, the Central Education Council published a report entitled “Improvement of children's physical fitness”. The report pointed out that changes in the social environment and lifestyles in recent years had influenced children's physical fitness and movement skills, and that a “comprehensive policy” addressing various aspects was essential for tackling this problem. On the basis of this report, the Ministry of Education and local boards of education are currently undertaking various projects; however, a number of gaps still remain between the findings of the report and what is actually being done to address this issue.   The present paper examines the local political issues that have led to differences between the practices of local educational governments and the recommendations of the report by focusing on practices in the Tokyo Metropolitan area and Osaka Prefecture after publication of the report.   This study revealed that the local governments had been strongly influenced by the results of physical fitness tests in comparison with other districts, counter to the comprehensive policy suggested by the report. This suggests that one of the reasons for the existing gap is the implicit demand for measurable results based on strong promotion of the evaluation system stipulated by the current educational policy. The results also show that most projects to improve children's physical fitness have been undertaken by schools, despite the fact that almost no budget has been allocated for this purpose, thus forcing schools to bear the burden and responsibility alone. Furthermore, it is also evident that competitive sports are frequently used to promote an active lifestyle, even in elementary and junior high schools.   In view of the numerous practices aiming to improve performance through sports club activities and competitive sports events, such as long-distance relays for children and Olympic education, it appears that the government in fact has a hidden agenda to promote sports and to improve athletic performance behind the façade of children's fitness as a “social issue”.

著者

和 秀俊 遠藤 伸太郎 大石 和男

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.89-103, 2011

被引用文献数

4

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It is well known that junior and senior high school athletes who participate in team activities face <i>zasetsu</i> (a Japanese word meaning setback, conflict, or disappointment) many times. Some give up sports activities as a result, whereas others overcome <i>zasetsu</i> and continue to be active in their respective teams. The purpose of the present study was to grasp the process by which young male athletes overcome <i>zasetsu</i>. The subjects were all 18-year-old freshmen (59 males) who had reached national level in their sports and had been admitted to their individual colleges on the strength of their sport performance. All had belonged to their respective teams for more than three years while at junior and/or senior high school. The study was conducted using an open-ended questionnaire in the second week of April, at which time the subjects would still have clear memories of their previous sports activities, being unaffected by any experiences at college. Using the KJ method, we analyzed qualitatively the components of <i>zasetsu</i>, the subjects' state of mind when suffering from <i>zasetsu</i>, and the process by which they overcame it. It was concluded that the process of overcoming <i>zasetsu</i> in sports activities involved an improvement of cooperative autonomy accompanied by a conflict with regard to whether or not the subjects continued their sports activities, when they did not achieve their goals. This concept might be generally applicable in view of its conceptual consistency with former reports, and the fact that our results were based on a sufficient number of cases.<br>

著者

菱田 慶文

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1108170193, (Released:2011-08-24)

参考文献数

25

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The present study investigated the transformation that has occurred in Muay Thai, a traditional martial art in Thailand, as a result of gambling. Muay Thai is a sport that incorporates religious ceremony. In Thailand, gambling has been conventionally illegal. The rules of Muay Thai have not been changed since Rajadamunan stadium was established in 1945, and Muay Thai has since developed into a national amusement and become a modern sport. However, various gambling styles linked to Muay Thai still continue to exist. Such gambling comprises three types: 1. Gambling on matches, where all the prize money is placed in bets. 2. Gambling through bookmakers. 3. Gambling based on odds, with no restriction on who gambles and how much money is staked. Since the late 1970s, however, gambling based on odds has increased, and this has resulted in a change of Muay Thai game tactics. Currently, most of the audiences coming to Muay Thai stadiums are gamblers who use odds to bet. For this study, data were collected through fieldwork conducted at Muay Thai stadiums in Thailand. Data were also gathered from Muay Thai magazines. These data have been reconstructed in order to examine how Muay Thai has changed in response to gambling, and the results indicate that the game tactics of Muay Thai have changed due to odds gambling. As a consequence, Muay Thai has become not only just a martial art, but also a sport for gambling.

著者

尹 聖鎮 田内 健二 高松 薫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, pp.15-25, 2003-01-10 (Released:2017-09-27)

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本研究の目的は,傾斜面でのリバウンドドロップジャンプにおける腓腹筋-アキレス腱複合体の神経筋活動を、跳躍トレーニング経験の相違に着目して検討することであった。9名の競技者および健常者に、30cmの台高からのリバウンド型ドロップジャンプ(RDJ30)を行わせた。着地面の傾斜角度は、上向き斜面8度(U8)、平地面(L)およぴ下向き斜面8度(D8)の3種類であった。その結果、競技者においては、上向き斜面での試技は下向き斜面および平地面と比較して、伸張局面における腓腹筋-アキレス腱複合体の長さ変化に対する踏切中点のアキレス腱張力の比(ATF_<MID>/L_<MTC>)、および腓腹筋-アキレス腱複合体の平均仲張速度(V_<MTC>)は大きいことが認められた。これに対して、健常者においては、上向き斜面および下向き斜面での試技は平地面と比較して、ATF_<MID>/L_<MTC>およびV_<MTC>が低いことが認められた。また、競技者は健常者と比較して、ATF_<MID>/L_<MTC>およびV_<MTC>は,いずれの傾斜面においても大きいことが認められた。上述の結果は、プライオメトリックス手段の一つとして傾斜而でのRDJを用いる際には、傾斜方向や跳躍トレーニング経験の相違によってMTCにかかる負荷特性が異なることを考慮する必要があることを示唆するものである

著者

尹 聖鎮 大山卞 圭吾 岡田 英孝 高松 薫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.6, pp.510-521, 1999-11-10 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

2

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A study was conducted to investigate the effect of gastrocnemius muscle stiffness on achilles tendon force in rebound jumps on slanted contact surfaces. Five trained college jumpers and throwers, and six active males executed five continuous repetition rebound jumps under three surface gradient conditions. The surface gradients were 8 degrees uphill type (U8), 8 degrees downhill type (D8), and level type (L) conditions. Force plate and limb position data were recorded simultaneously during all jumps. The changes in length of the achilles tendon (L_<AT>), m. gastrocnemius (L_<GAS>) and gastrocnemius muscle-achilles tendon complex (L_<MTC>) during the eccentric phase were calculated according to the mode1 of Voigt et al. (1995) and Grieve et al. (1978). The main results were as follows; 1. Jumping height in U8 and L was higher than in D8. There was also a tendency for a higher achilles tendon force at the midpoint (ATF_<MID>) in U8. On the other hand, in U8 and D8, L_<MTC> was lower, and L_<AT>/L_<GAS> was higher than in L. 2. There was significant positive correlations between the ground reaction force at the midpoint (GRF_<MID>) and jumping height, and ATF_<MID> and jumping height in U8, D8 and L. 3. There were significant positive correlations between GRF_<MID> and ATF_<MID>, and L_<AT>/L_<GAS> and ATF_<MID> in U8 and L. However, L_lt:MTC> and ATF_<MID> showed a significant negative correlation. These results indicate that the stretch length of the gastrocnemius muscle-achilles tendon complex is lower, and ATF_<MID> higher under uphill-type conditions than under level conditions because L_<AT/L_<GAS> becomes higher as gastrocnemius muscle stiffness increases.

著者

内藤 貴司 林 聡太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.17070, (Released:2017-12-08)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

4

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Individuals with spinal cord injury have a reduced afferent input to the thermoregulation center and lack both sweating capacity and vasomotor control below the level of the spinal cord lesion. A loss of heat loss capacity results in an excessive rise in core temperature, which in turn decreases exercise performance and increases the risk of heat-related illness. To prevent hyperthermia and improve exercise performance during exercise in hot environments, a popular strategy, body cooling, has been proposed. However, despite the interest and vast array of research into cooling strategies for able-bodied humans, less is known about the application of these cooling strategies for individuals with thermoregulatory impairment due to spinal cord injury. The purpose of this review was to investigate effective cooling strategies for attenuating the increase in body temperature in humans with spinal cord injury exercising in a hot environment. Cooling strategies for individuals with spinal cord injury involve external cooling such as water immersion and use of sprays, and cooling garments and internal cooling by ingestion of cold fluid. We addressed the practical issues associated with each of these methods. We concluded from our review that external cooling has been criticized for its impracticality during sporting competitions, although water immersion and the application of cooling garments do reduce the core temperature in individuals with spinal cord injury. However, ice ingestion has recently received considerable interest in studies of able-bodied humans. Therefore, we propose that ice ingestion could be an effective strategy for individuals with spinal cord injury.

著者

大峰 光博

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15038, (Released:2015-07-29)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2

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This study investigated trash talk among soccer players, focusing on whether it actually disturbed playing performance and whether the ability to ignore such trash talk was an asset to the game. The “Laws of the Game” of soccer stipulate that any player who uses “offensive, insulting or abusive language and/or gestures” should be dismissed from the field. Therefore, any penalty imposed on players for such behavior can be interpreted as sanctions for prohibited act.  Furthermore, any game in which offensive or insulting remark are used was considered by reference to Kawatani's opinion about excellence and “failed athletic contest”. When a referee penalizes a player appropriately for such behavior, it is suggested that the game has not “failed”. On the other hand, as such behavior is often difficult for a referee to notice, an appropriate penalty is sometimes not administered. Therefore, it is suggested that an offensive or insulting remark is an act that indirectly destroys the ethos of a game. I conclude that the ability to ignore trash talk is not an asset to the game in principle, but that such ability is practically necessary.

著者

髙山 史徳 嶋津 航 青栁 篤 鍋倉 賢治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究

巻号頁・発行日

2018

被引用文献数

1

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<p>Some recreational runners participate in consecutive races within a short period. A high frequency of participation may not allow for sufficient recovery time, leading to overreaching. This case study reports on the training load, physiological variables, performance, and psychometric status of a male recreational runner during the 16-week marathon season. The runner completed 4 marathon races in a period of 8 weeks (6-14 week). Training load was quantified based on the cumulative time spent in 3 intensity zones (zone 1: < ventilatory threshold, zone 2: between ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point, zone 3: < respiratory compensation point) using heart rate monitoring. The Hooper questionnaire was completed every morning to quantify sleep, stress, fatigue, and muscle soreness. The runner performed four identical treadmill running test over the season. The coefficient of variation for maximal velocity and physiological variables was 1.0% and 1.8‐5.2%, respectively. Pearson correlation showed significant relationships between training load and stress, fatigue, and muscle soreness. There was no significant relationship between training load and sleep. In conclusion, it appeared that this runner was able to complete 4 marathon races without overreaching. These findings suggest that the training load and Hooper questionnaire are practical tools for monitoring of recreational runners during the marathon season.</p>

著者

谷釜 尋徳

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.1-16, 2010 (Released:2010-07-20)

参考文献数

69

被引用文献数

1 1

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This paper considers changes in basketball shooting techniques from the Taisho Era (1912-1926) through the first half of the Showa Era (1926-1989), focusing on technique history with special reference to the process of introduction of the one-hand shot. The results of this investigation can be summarized as follows. 1. From the Taisho Era to the early Showa Era, a chest shot using both hands was the main technique for shooting from middle and long distances. This technique was used as it was thought to be difficult to block. Eventually, however, defects of this shooting technique were pointed out, including a low rate of scoring. As for short-distance shooting techniques, these were thought to be divided into those where a shot was released after the player had made a stop, and a “running” shot. In the early Showa period, both of these were made with a one-hand shot, as this meant a higher possibility of scoring and avoiding defensive maneuvers. 2. The one-hand shot from middle and long distances was introduced in the early 1945-1954 period as an American technique. However, it was thought that it would be difficult for short-height Japanese to master this technique. In 1950, however, a Hawaiian “Nisei” (second-generation Japanese-American) team having the same body proportions as native Japanese visited Japan and demonstrated the one-hand shooting technique. This suggested that Japanese persons, too, would be able to acquire this technique. In Japan after the visit of the Hawaiian team, use of the one-hand shot for middle and long distances became widespread. Compared with the shooting techniques used in Japan previously, as this technique enabled higher scoring and quicker movement, it was characterized as being difficult to defend against, even when the defensive player was close in.

著者

末木 新

出版者

日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.289-295, 2017-06

著者

山内 秀樹 春日 規克

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.87-95, 1992

被引用文献数

4 1 3

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The effects of jump and isometric training on contractile properties (in situ) were studied in the fast-twitch gastrocnemius (GC) and slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles of male Sprague-Dawley rats, and the relationship to fiber type composition were determined. Individual fibers in both muscles were classified as fast-twitch glycolytic (FG), fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic (FOG) or slow-twitch oxidative (SO) fibers according to Peter et al. The jump training (JT) consisted of 48 cm vertical jumps at 50 times/day, and the isometric training (IT) consisted of holding on to a vertical grid for 30 min/day. After 6 weeks of training, both JT and IT significantly reduced the isometric twitch contraction time of the SOL, but not that of the GC. Muscle fatigability was tested by the intermittent stimulation (IS) at 40 Hz fof 330 ms each second. No significant differences were observed in the decline of tension developed during IS in all muscles of each group. Fiber type compositions of both muscles were not changed with training. The results of this study suggest that exercise training improves excitation-contraction coupling, rather than the myosin isoenzyme pattern and oxidative enzyme activity which are used as criteria for fiber type classification, and that this induces alterations in mechanical properties.

著者

篠原 康男 前田 正登

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15096, (Released:2016-08-29)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

1

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This study aimed to clarify the composition of the phases (acceleration, full sprint, and velocity endurance) in the 50-m sprint as performed by elementary school students, focusing on changes in running velocity. The subjects were 169 boys and 178 girls in the first to sixth grades of elementary school, who performed a 50-m sprint from a standing start. Running velocity was measured using a laser distance meter, which was synchronized with a video camera that recorded the entire sprint. It was found that the running time of the total sprint was significantly shorter and that maximal velocity was significantly higher for higher-grade than for lower-grade students. The distances of the acceleration phase and full sprint phase were significantly longer for higher-grade than for lower-grade students, but there was no significant difference in the duration of these phases by grade. However, both the distance and duration of the velocity endurance phase were significantly shorter for higher-grade than for lower-grade students. Step length in the acceleration, full sprint, and velocity endurance phases was longer for higher-grade than for lower-grade students. However, step frequency at each phase tended to be almost equal or slightly lower for higher-grade than for lower-grade students. The SL index for higher-grade boys tended to be higher than for lower-grade boys. However, for girls, there was little difference in the SL index at each phase for second-grade students or above. Taken together, the results indicate that the velocity endurance phase comprises the majority of the 50-m sprint when performed by lower-grade students. However, for higher-grade students, the velocity endurance phase is shorter due to the relative increases in the acceleration and sprint phases. This suggests that the distance of the acceleration and full sprint phases affects the distance and duration of the velocity endurance phase.

著者

中房 敏朗

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15092, (Released:2016-04-06)

参考文献数

110

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This paper describes a historical study of “Yamatobataraki”, a form of gymnastics that was devised by Professor Kakei Katsuhiko around 1920 in Japan. The main study aim was to clarify how the practice of Yamatobataraki spread in Imperial Japan from the 1920s to 1930s. The diffusion process consisted of three phases. The first was associated with the growth of the Folk High School movement. Around 1924, Kato Kanji introduced Yamatobataraki to the Yamagatakenjichikoshusho, which was the original model of the Folk High School. Kato then transferred to the Nihonkokuminkotogakko, which was the head institution of the Folk High Schools, and introduced Yamatobataraki as part of its educational program. Kato's educational systems, along with Yamatobataraki, were reproduced throughout Japan and Taiwan, because the Nihonkokuminkotogakko helped to found other similar institutions. In the second phase, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry promoted the foundation of a large number of Nomindojo, i.e. farmers' schools. As a result, 50 farmers' schools introduced Yamatobataraki, because they were modeled on the educational system of the Nihonkokuminkotogakko. In the third phase, the Ministry of Colonial Affairs promoted the policy of agricultural emigration to Manchuria, and delegated the training of the emigrants to Kato Kanji. In 1938, Manmokaitakuseishonengiyugun, a large group of young agricultural emigrants to Manchuria, was institutionalized. Many young emigrants trained under Kato's methods in Uchiharakunrensho, which were formulated for the Manmokaitakuseishonengiyugun. Yamatobataraki as a daily routine was practiced as a matter of course. Thus, as described above, Yamatobataraki spread mainly via farmers' schools and emigrant training all over Imperial Japan due to the promotion of farmers' schools and emigration to Manchuria by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and Ministry of Colonial Affairs.

著者

小木曽 航平

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.83-101, 2014 (Released:2014-06-13)

参考文献数

24

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The aim of this study was to examine the function of Thai Massage schools for foreigners in the process of Thai Massage becoming a global health culture. Currently, Thai Massage attracts widespread popularity as a relaxation or health therapy. In the background, there is the Thai government's policy, which has institutionalized Thai Massage as “Thai Medicine” since the 1990s. As a result of this policy, Thai Massage has enhanced its medical value, cultural value and economic value, and become globalized.   Another important factor must also be considered in the context of globalization of Thai Massage, and that is the global interest in Indian Yoga, Chinese Tai Chi and other various eastern health therapies or body techniques. This is a strong focus of the present paper. People who have a great deal of interest in “self-care” and their practical communities are another important factor of Thai Massage globalization. These practices are not restricted to national institutions, and are more fluid and transnational. “Health” is a concept that has developed in modern national systems, and “health culture” has emerged from this in relation to the power of modern nations. However, health culture created by people who practice Thai Massage and other eastern health therapies can be seen in a different dimension. This study focuses on Thai Massage schools for foreigners as specific foci of this dimension, and the process of Thai Massage can be envisaged as a global culture by analyzing the historical and cultural background of Thai Massage schools for foreigners and dealing with the actual situation ethnographically.   In conclusion, it can be said that Thai Massage schools have structurally contributed to the globalization of Thai Massage by being gathering places for knowledge and techniques related to the body, to which humans universally aspire. It is now evident that these “health communities”, which differ from hospitals and clinics served by medicine, are places at which people can engage their bodies and health independently.

著者

徳久 球雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, 1963

著者

水谷 四郎 松井 秀治 渡辺 俊彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.5, 1969

著者

山田 人恒 森田 修朗

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.73-81, 1969-11-30 (Released:2016-12-31)

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In order to achieve accommodation of the eye which influences predominantly upon the kinetic visual acuity which chiefly relates to the accuracy in the timing action, the following studies were performed; that is, at the certain period of time, training to the velocity of accommodation was done repeatedly in every day, and the effect of training and the variations in the kinetic visual acuity accompanying with the training effect were determined. The results were obtained as described here, 1) By the training of accommodation of the eye, the accommodative contraction time shortened and the higher value of the kinetic visual acuity was obtained. 2) Relationship between the daily change in the accommodative contraction time and that in the kinetic visual acuity was due to chiefly to the degree of training for the optimal reaction to the moving object, where the subject himself performed in his daily life.

著者

岡 浩一朗

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.543-561, 2000-07-10 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

48 9

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Even through the health benefits of regular exercise and physical activity are well documented, most people are inadequately active or completely inactive.Designing interventions to enhance the adoption and maintenance of a physically active lifestyle continues to be a challenge, given that the majority of individuals are not considering becoming more active, and that over half of those who decide to become more physically active return to a sedentary lifestyle within three to six months.It has been recommended that research on exercise adherence be conducted utilizing models of behavioral science.One of the most effective models is the transtheoretical model of behavior change(TTM).The TTM has been used to explain both the stages and processes people go through when trying to eliminate a negative form of behavior(e.g., smoking)and when trying to acquire a positive form of behavior(e.g., exercise).The model consists of various stages of change, processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy.The TTM suggests that individuals attempting to change exercise behavior move through five stages of change.In addition, individuals experience different congnitive and behavioral processes of change as they move from one stage to another.As people change, decisional balance and self-efficacy are employed uniquely at each stage.According to this model, tailoring interventions to match a person's readiness(stage of change)is essential.Although research on exercise adherence utilizing the TTM has been actively conducted in Western countries, this area of research is yet to be advanced in Japan.This article reviews research on exercise adherence utilizing the TTM, and discusses the applicability of the TTM to understanding physical activity and exercise behavior in the Japanese population.

著者

飯干 明 阿江 通良 宮下 憲 末永 政治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.4, pp.359-372, 1990-03-01 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

2 1

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between muscle strain and the running form at start dash. Twelve male sprinters were divided into two groups, an injured group (N=7) and an uninjured group (N=5), according to their history of previous hamstring muscles strain. They were filmed at the 1st step and the 5th step after starting with crouching style by means of a 16mm motion picture camera. Ground reaction forces were measured with a Kistler force platform. Selected kinematic and kinetic variables, such as joint angles, muscle length of hamstrings and muscle torques of the lower limb, were computed. The results were as follows; 1) The injured group tended to swing the lower leg more forward and the thigh backward less quickly before touchdown than the uninjured group. They also tended to show a greater thigh angle of the support leg at touchdown and to flex the support leg at the 5th step more than the uninjured group. 2) The injured group showed a significantly larger hip extensors torque than the uninjured group during the first half of the support phase for the 5th step. 3) The injured group showed greater shortening velocity of hamstrings during the first half of the support phase for the 5th step. The results suggest that larger hip extensors torque and greater shortening velocity of hamstrings during the first half of the support phase will be factors of the occurrence of muslce strain during start dash. These factors might be due to the start dash form such as contacting with a greater thigh angle of the support leg and flexing the support leg during support phase for the 5th step. This suggests that there exist the running form and the stage of sprinting where hamstring muscles strain is susceptible to occur.

著者

鈴木 智晴 藤井 雅文 村上 光平 中本 浩揮 前田 明

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.79-87, 2019-06-17 (Released:2019-06-25)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

2

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One of the important roles of a baseball catcher is to check whether an opponent is trying to steal a base. This checking action must occur as part of other events: a quick throwing action (short operation time), a high ball speed (short duration of ball flight), and accurate tagging (the time from the fielder catching the ball to touching the opponent runner is short). In other words, in order for the catcher to check whether an opponent is trying to steal a base, it is necessary to shorten the time between catching the ball and when the fielder touches the opponent runner. However, the relationship between the time and the possibility of checking for an attempt to steal a base and the influence of each phase on the steal check rate have not been examined. The present study investigated the relationship between the time required to prevent a steal and the steal check rate of a baseball catcher using video recordings. The video recordings used for our analysis were videos of steal check successes and failures in exhibition and official university and amateur baseball games, with a focus on runners attempting to steal second base. We classified Motion Time as the period from catching the initial pitch to ball release, Ball Time as the period from ball release to ball arrival at second base, and Touch Time as the period from ball arrival at second base to the fielder touching the runner; the sum of these 3 phases was defined as All Time, and the sum of Motion Time and Ball Time was defined as Pop Time. We constructed 3 models in which the success or failure of the steal check was set as a target variable and each phase time as an explanatory variable, and performed logistic regression analysis on each model. As a result, we clarified that the baseball catcher could check for a steal if the All Time was less than 2.429 s, and there was a significant negative correlation between the steal check rate and All Time. In addition, among the three phases, Touch Time had the greatest effect on the steal check rate. Therefore, it was suggested that accurate throwing is the most important factor in preventing a steal to second base.