著者

信吉 真璃奈 金生 由紀子 松田 なつみ 河野 稔明 野中 舞子 藤尾 未由希 下山 晴彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.5, pp.507-513, 2018 (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1 2

---

The purpose of this study was to develop a Japanese version of the Sensory Gating Inventory (SGI; Hetrick, Erickson, & Smith, 2012) and to examine its reliability and validity. SGI measures abnormalities in the quality of sensory input, heightened awareness of background noises, and poor selective attention at the phenomenological level. The questionnaire was completed by 515 university and graduate students. The questionnaire package included 3 scales; 35 items from the Japanese version of SGI, 27 items from the Japanese version of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS; Funahashi, 2011), and 25 items from the Japanese version of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ; Yamada, 1991). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the Japanese SGI had an acceptable level of internal consistency. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to examine reliability and showed high values. Correlation analyses showed that the Japanese SGI and Japanese HSPS or CFQ were moderately positively correlated. This study suggests that the Japanese SGI is reliable and valid. It can be used to screen for abnormal sensory gating before physiological or behavioral inspection.

著者

都築 誉史 松井 博史 菊地 学

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.5, pp.398-408, 2012 (Released:2013-03-01)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

2

---

In multi-attribute decision making, the similarity, attraction, and compromise effects warrant specific investigation as they cause violations of principles in rational choice. In order to investigate these three effects simultaneously, we assigned 145 undergraduates to three context effect conditions. We requested them to solve the same 20 hypothetical purchase problems, each of which had three alternatives described along two attributes. We measured their choices, confidence ratings, and response times. We found that manipulating the third alternative had significant context effects for choice proportions and confidence ratings in all three conditions. Furthermore, the attraction effect was the most prominent with regard to choice proportions. In the compromise effect condition, although the choice proportion of the third alternative was high, the confidence rating was low and the response time was long. These results indicate that the relationship between choice proportions and confidence ratings requires further theoretical investigation. They also suggest that a combination of experimental and modeling studies is imperative to reveal the mechanisms underlying the context effects in multi-attribute, multi-alternative decision making.

著者

中井 宏 小川 和久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.85.13216, (Released:2014-08-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 1

---

Interview and questionnaire surveys were conducted with bus drivers in Japan, with the goal of developing an educational program for better control of emotions among bus drivers. The interviews aimed at identifying stressors and ways in which stress negatively influenced bus services. The questionnaire survey, which was being developed as a self-diagnosis tool, further provided bus drivers with the opportunity to understand their own emotional tendencies. Factor analysis identified six factors underlying work-related stress: anger at unsafe behaviours of nearby road users, irritation caused by complaints from passengers, time pressures, anxiety about traffic accidents, impatience with slow passengers, and resentment of bad-mannered passengers. The influence of stress on the drivers comprised four factors: cognitive failure, sullen behaviour, abrupt acceleration/deceleration, and aggressive driving. Moreover, drivers with lower stress were relatively older and more experienced. Based on these results, educational materials were proposed with the aim of enhancing bus drivers’ understanding of their emotional processes and coping skills.

著者

高野 了太 高 史明 野村 理朗

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.6, pp.398-408, 2021 (Released:2021-02-25)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

2 6

---

The right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) scale has been associated with prejudice, discrimination, and intergroup conflict. This study developed Japanese versions of the RWA scale and examined their validity. Although it is a well-established assessment tool to measure authoritarian dispositions, none of the RWA scales translated into Japanese were standardized. In this study, we translated the RWA scale items into Japanese using the back translation method and verified their reliability and construct validity. Results revealed that Japanese versions of the RWA scale comprised two factors with a method factor and had adequate reliability and construct validity. This study provides new insights into the structure of authoritarian personalities in the Japanese population.

著者

白川 真裕 島田 貴仁 樋口 匡貴

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.21044, (Released:2022-11-10)

参考文献数

32

---

Based on the protection motivation theory and previous studies that discussed the effects of risk perception, perceived response effectiveness, and self-efficacy on behavioral intentions and changes in behavior, this study conducted an experiment to examine the effects of the Metropolitan Police Department's crime deterrence task force’s official Twitter account on crime prevention behavior. Information on the threat of communications fraud, the effectiveness of preventive behavior, and self-efficacy was presented via Twitter, and changes in behavioral intention, behavior, fear, effectiveness, and self-efficacy were checked over time. Participants in their 20s to 50s were assigned to a Metropolitan Police Department group presented with tweets about scams or to a control group presented with other tweets. The results of the analysis of the 60 participants in the police department group and the 49 participants in the control group showed that the presentation of information increased behavioral intention, but it did not necessarily lead to changes in behavior. Therefore, it was suggested that there may be other factors that increase behavioral intention and changes in behavior.

著者

長峯 聖人 菅原 大地

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.21231, (Released:2022-11-01)

参考文献数

35

---

Mixed emotions are defined as the co-occurrence of positive and negative emotions. In recent years, research has often focused on individual differences in the experience of mixed emotions. In this study, we conducted two studies to develop the Japanese version of the Trait Mixed Emotions Scale (TMES) which can assess the tendency to experience mixed emotions in daily life. Study 1 revealed that the Japanese version of TMES has certain level of internal consistency and that the pattern of correlational relationships of the Japanese version of TMES with explicit variables are consistent with previous studies and theoretical assumptions. Furthermore, Study 1 suggested that the TMES can be interpreted with three subscales. Study 2 revealed that the Japanese version of TMES has acceptable test-retest reliability and that the factor structure of TMES in Study 1 was replicated. Finally, some issues and prospects for future research on mixed emotions were discussed.

著者

織田 弥生 菊地 賢一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.21313, (Released:2022-11-01)

参考文献数

20

---

The Emotion and Arousal Checklist (EACL) is a 33-item questionnaire developed to assess psychological states at a given moment and during the past week. We examined the application of this checklist to assess psychological states during the past month. In Study 1, confirmatory factor analyses identified nine subscales, similar to a previous study, which measured psychological states at a given moment and in the past week. The internal consistency of these subscales was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha. Study 2 confirmed the test-retest reliability at the one-week interval. In Study 3, the participants rated their psychological states during the past week four times at the one-week interval and during the past month at the fourth measurement. Reliability was demonstrated by the correlation between the mean of four times one-week measurement and the measurement for during the past month. Study 4 demonstrated criteria-related validity by comparing the subscale scores between the high- and low-stress groups. These studies confirmed the reliability and validity of the EACL for assessing psychological states during the past month.

著者

佐藤 広英 吉田 富二雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.6, pp.559-566, 2008-02-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3 3

---

The effects of anonymity on self-disclosure were investigated in a CMC (computer-mediated communication) situation by separately manipulating the anonymity of the self and the other. It was hypothesized that anonymity of the self would enhance disclosure, whereas anonymity of the other would decrease it. Female undergraduate students (n=60) were randomly assigned to a 2 (self: anonymous or non-anonymous)×2 (other: anonymous or non-anonymous) experimental design. The anonymity of the self and the other was manipulated in the profile, such as the photo, name, and sex of the self or the other, on the computer screen. The results indicated that anonymity of the self decreased the feeling of anxiety, but had no effect on disclosure, whereas anonymity of the other decreased the feeling of closeness and decreased the intimacy of disclosure.

著者

増井 啓太 田村 紋女 マーチ エヴィータ

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.6, pp.602-610, 2018

被引用文献数

2

---

<p>The Global Assessment of Internet Trolling- Revised (GAIT-R) has been developed to assess internet trolling. We developed the Japanese version of GAIT-R (J-GAIT-R). First, the eight items of GAIT-R were translated into Japanese. Then, we conducted an online survey of Japanese people (<i>N</i> = 535). In Study 1, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that J-GAIT-R had a unidimensional structure. The internal consistency of J-GAIT-R was adequate. Moreover, partial correlation coefficients indicated adequate concurrent validity of the scale. In Study 2, we confirmed a good test-retest reliability for J-GAIT-R. It was concluded that J-GAIT-R was suitable for assessing internet trolling in Japan.</p>

著者

榊原 良太 大薗 博記

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.5, pp.332-338, 2021 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1 11

---

Wearing masks is an easy and effective way to prevent infection by COVID-19. In Japan, two studies investigated the reasons why people wear a mask; however, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, the present study reexamined the association between mask wearing and the reasons given for doing so, focusing on the differences in and problems of item wording. The results of both studies were found to be almost reproducible, and there were few issues regarding item wording. Furthermore, the results revealed that people wear a mask to prevent themselves and others from infection and to conform to others wearing a mask. We suggest that inconsistencies in the results were due to differences in item wording, and discuss how future research should be conducted.

著者

成瀬 悟策

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.20-32, 1965 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

66

著者

韓 雪 長谷川 智子 外山 紀子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.3, pp.177-187, 2022 (Released:2022-08-25)

参考文献数

26

---

There are cultural differences in childcare practices in preschools, reflecting beliefs and values about children, childcare, and education. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed normally hidden cultural, ethnic, and historical issues. Mealtime is particularly restricted by droplet spread of COVID-19. Cultural differences in thoughts related to meals became evident in the response to this critical situation caused by the pandemic. This study examined how preschool mealtime has changed due to COVID-19 in Japan and China. A questionnaire survey was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021. This study included 191 Japanese preschools and 179 Chinese preschools. Various infection countermeasures were taken and mealtime practices changed drastically in both countries. In Japan, preschool mealtime is regarded as a socially essential event, for example, chatting while eating; whereas in China, nutrition and hygiene are considered more important. Possibly, because of such differences in mealtime conceptions, the impact of the spread of COVID-19 appeared to be substantial in Japan compared to China. Based on the obtained results, cultural differences in preschool education were discussed.

著者

長戸 啓子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.115-123, 1973 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

17

---

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of commitment and of cooperation vs. competition which were assumed to influence the relative strength of consistency tendency and reciprocity tendency. Ss were 64 students in the 7th grade, and were asked to judge photographed faces in the group consisting of nine-students. After each trial, each S's judgement was announced. Attitudes toward others were measured by a questionnaire. The obtained results and interpretations of them were as follows: (a) Reciprocity tendency was generally significant. (b) Consistency tendency was also evident in the cooperation-commitment condition and the competition-non-commitment condition. (c) In the former condition Ss avoided over estimations from others due to the fear for taking responsibility beyond their ability. (d) In the latter condition overestimations imposed Ss a strong mental strain.

著者

有光 興記

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.148-156, 2002-06-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

12 9

---

The aim of the present study was to specify guilt eliciting situations for Japanese adolescents, and examine the relationship between guilt-proneness in the situations and personality traits. With an open-ended questionnaire, 315 guilt experiences were collected and categorized into 37 situations. Situational Guilt Inventory (SGI) for the 37 was developed and administered to 500 Japanese adolescents. Factor analysis found four factors: hurting others, inconsiderate to others, acting selfishly, and debt feeling toward others. SGI scores had positive correlations with private and public self-consciousness and depression. However, correlations with the Big Five were low, none higher than. 2, except those with conscientiousness. The factors were similar to those of Dimension of Conscience Questionnaire (DCQ; Gore & Harvey, 1995) and Situational Guilt Scale (SGS; Klass, 1987), except that they do not have the fourth: debt feeling. These results showed some characteristics of guilt among Japanese people, as well as reliability of the inventory.

著者

吉田 琢哉 吉澤 寛之 浅野 良輔 玉井 颯一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.20058, (Released:2022-08-30)

参考文献数

47

---

Recently, in elementary and junior high schools with an emphasis on regional cooperation, teachers are required to demonstrate teamwork with parents and community residents. However, there is little evidence about what kind of educational effect the teacher-parent-resident teamwork would have on children. The present study aimed to examine the effects of homeroom teachers’ perceptions of teamwork on the intrinsic motivation of children, and the subjective adjustment of children to the classroom, through a classroom social goals structure. A survey was conducted on 2,225 6th grade elementary school students and 3rd year junior high school students and 235 teachers. The multilevel structural equation modeling revealed that the influence of teamwork on intrinsic motivation and subjective adjustment to the classroom was mediated by the social goals structure. The results suggest that the teacher-parent-resident teamwork is an important factor for creating a comfortable class environment.

著者

内村 慶士

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.21211, (Released:2022-08-30)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

1

---

The “inability to switch off from work” — thinking about work during personal lives — is one of the barriers to work-life balance. However, there is a lack of empirical research on the factors, and effective ways to support work-life balance have not been clarified because there is no scale to measure it. This study’s purpose is to develop the “Inability to Switch off from Work Scale.” We conducted a cross-sectional survey and obtained data from 416 full-time employees. The results of factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure consisting of “emotional recall” (α = .89), “work ability pessimism” (α = .94), and “problem solving” (α = .90). There were significant correlations with mental health problems and related concepts: psychological detachment and repetitive negative thinking. The partial correlation with mental health problems was observed even when related concepts were controlled. Furthermore, the results supported the hypothesis about the mediation effects of the “inability to switch off,” between workload and mental health problems. In general, the results support the reliability and construct validity of the new scale.

著者

薊 理津子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.20079, (Released:2022-08-30)

参考文献数

29

---

In this study, the relationship between preventive behavior against COVID-19 and the behavioral standards of Japanese people was examined in order to determine whether or not shame/embarrassment mediates this relationship. A crowdsourced online survey was conducted in late May 2020 with 510 participants (mean age = 41.42, SD = 10.00, range = 20–81). Structural equation modeling indicated that peer standards suppressed both men’s and women’s general avoidance of the “three Cs”: closed spaces, crowded places, and close-contact settings. In men, regional standards/care for others directly promoted preventive actions such as mask-wearing and disinfection, in addition to the three Cs avoidance. Furthermore, these preventive actions were promoted through shame/embarrassment. Alternatively, for women, while regional standards/care for others directly promoted preventive actions such as mask-wearing and disinfection, shame/embarrassment did not mediate the relationship between their action standards and preventive behaviors. The relationship between the behavioral standards and people’s preventive behaviors against COVID-19, as well as the impact of shame/embarrassment on their preventive behavior, are discussed.

著者

青木 佐奈枝 小野 聡士 福井 晴那 川嶋 真紀子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.21310, (Released:2022-08-30)

参考文献数

19

---

The purpose of this study was to understand the psychological support problems brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and differences in responses to these problems. The results of a web-based survey of 318 clinical psychologists showed that 90 % of participants believed that problems occurred due to infection prevention measures, while about half of the participants believed that problems occurred due to changes in the framework of support, such as the introduction of remote psychological support and the reduction of face-to-face support. The four problems that arose in psychological support were “poverty of conversation,” “difficulty in communication,” “difficulty in stable support,” and “disagreement among staff.” Psychologists responded to the problems in three ways: “devising communication,” “verbalization,” and “strengthening multidisciplinary cooperation.” From the results, it was clear that problems such as poor conversation, communication difficulties, and difficulties in stable support occurred in both face-to-face support under infection prevention measures and in the introduction of remote psychological support.

著者

山田 弥生子 片上 絵梨子 守屋 麻樹 山口 香 土屋 裕睦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.93.20094, (Released:2022-08-30)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

1

---

This study aimed to investigate high school student-athletes’ mental health, stressors, stress responses, and life skills (LS) during the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the effect of stressors and LS on stress responses. An online survey was conducted from July to November 2020, and 1,348 student-athletes and 662 non-athletes who were in high schools in the western part of Japan participated. Findings illustrated that student-athletes’ mental health seemed to be worse compared to pre-COVID-19 data. The levels of athletes’ perceived stressors, stress responses, and LS were significantly different depending on gender, grade, and competitive level. Multiple regression analysis showed that perceived COVID-19-related stressors significantly related to stress responses while LS were a significant moderator of the relationship.

著者

山崎 晃

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.4, pp.185-191, 1985-10-30 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

3 4

---

To clarify the four processing stages in the Stroop task (input, decision, response selection, and output), and to examine on which stage or stages the interference occurs, seven undergraduates were used as subjects in a color-naming task with color names, words strongly associated with color, words weakly associated with color, a neutral word, and “xxx” as control stimulus. Color-patch pieces were also used to measure the operant level of reaction time. Main results were as follows: 1. On the congruent trials, the response time was shorter for color names than for the neutral word, control word, and words with weak association. 2. On the incongruent trials, the response time was longer for color names than for the neutral word, control word, and words with weak and strong association. Moreover, the interaction between pre-exposure duration and word conditions was significant; the difference of response time due to word conditions as significant when the pre-exposure duration was short, while it was not significant when the duration was long. 3. The neutral word and the control word gave similar response time, which was longer than that for color-patch pieces. From these results it is concluded that the interference in the Stroop task is most likely to occur on the decision and the output stages.