著者

Kiyoji Tanaka Tomoaki Matsuo

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.127-128, 2021-05-25 (Released:2021-05-13)

参考文献数

18

著者

Tatsuya Ishizu Suguru Torii Eri Takai Nozomi Miura Motoko Taguchi

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.107-116, 2022-03-25 (Released:2022-03-14)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

3

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The purpose of this study was to examine whether the bone parameters and food groups consumed differ according to the energy availability (EA) status in Japanese female athletes, and to determine the relationship between calcium intake and other food groups consumption among these athletes. We investigated EA status, nutritional and food group intake, bone metabolism using biochemical analysis, and evaluated body composition and bone parameters using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Fifty-two Japanese female athletes (Age: 20.0 ± 1.2 years) were enrolled in this study. Group differences between the low EA (EA < 30 kcal/kg FFM/d, n = 22) and moderate EA (EA ≥ 30 kcal/kg FFM/d, n = 30) groups were examined. Compared to the moderate EA group, the low EA group exhibited a lower daily intake of protein (g/kg BW), carbohydrate (g/kg BW), calcium (mg), grains (g), meats (g), milk and dairy products (g). Moreover, the bone resorption marker was significantly higher in the low-EA group. The daily intake of soybean products (g), vegetables (g), fish and shellfish (g) and milk and dairy products (g) correlated positively with daily calcium intake (mg). Female athletes with low EA and insufficient intake of milk and dairy products exhibited increased serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b levels. As with milk and dairy products intake, consumption of various food groups was also significantly positively correlated with calcium intake. These findings suggest that a diet with sufficient energy and multiple food groups to provide adequate calcium may benefit bone health among Japanese female athletes.

著者

Maya Hagiwara Sonoko Mashimo Hitoshi Shiraki

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.79-86, 2022-03-25 (Released:2022-03-14)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

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Injury can possibly change an athlete’s career. To date, few epidemiological studies have been made of amateur soccer players. More data is needed to allow medical professionals to develop realistic injury prevention and conditioning programs for the amateur level. The purpose of this study was to determine injury incidence, common injury types and body regions, and pain in amateur soccer players. Soccer-related injury and pain data were collected daily in June 2016 thorough October 2017 involving 76 amateur soccer players from two teams. Overall injury incidence was 69 injuries and 2.72/1000 player hours. Acute injuries were 52 (2.05/1000 player hours) and chronic injuries were 17 (0.67/1000 player hours). Most acute injuries occurred during a game (1.99/1000 player hours). In terms of body regions, ankle injury (27.5%) was the most common, followed by knee (15.9%), and thigh (9.0%). Pain incidence was reported 1042 (41.10/1000 player hours). The highest pain incidence was reported during a game (36.9/1000 player hours). The most common location of pain was foot/toe (5.80/1000 player hours), followed by lateral ankle (5.21/1000 player hours), anterior thigh (3.98/1000 player hours), and groin (3.27/1000 player hours). Type of injury, location of injury, and the higher incidence of injury during a game, as opposed to training, were the same as other studies. The pain incidence rate was higher than injury incidence. More epidemiological studies are needed in amateur sports to better understand athletes’ injuries and pain and be able to develop an appropriate injury prevention strategy.

著者

崔 鳥淵 高橋 英幸 板井 悠二 高松 薫

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.119-129, 1998-02-01 (Released:2010-12-10)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

8 8

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本研究では, 筋力トレーニングにおける一般的な手段であるパワーアップ型手段とバルクアップ型手段の筋の形態および機能の面からみたトレーニング効果の相違を, 膝伸展運動による週2回, 8週間のトレーニング実験を通して比較検討した.被検者には, 健常な一般成人男子11名を用いた.パワーアップ型群 (5名) には, 1RMの90%の負荷で5セット行わせた.セット間には3分間の休息をとらせた (レペティション法) .一方, バルクアップ型群 (6名) には, 1RMの80~40%の負荷で9セット行わせた.セット間には30秒~3分間の休息をとらせた (インターバル法・マルチパウンデツジ法) .おもな結果は次の通りである.1.大腿四頭筋全体および大腿四頭筋を構成する各筋の筋断面積の増加率は, いずれもバルクアップ型群がパワーアップ型群より有意に高い値を示した.2.1RM, 等尺性最大膝伸展力および等速性最大膝伸展力 (角速度, 60・180・300deg/sec) の増加率は, 実測値および筋断面積あたりの相対値ともに, パワーアップ型群がバルクアップ型群より高い値を示した.このうち, 1RMの実測値, 60deg/secの角速度による等速性最大膝伸展力の実測値を除くすべての項目に有意差が認められた.3.等速性平均膝伸展力 (角速度, 180deg/sec; 試行回数, 50回) の増加率は, 実測値および筋断面積あたりの相対値ともに, バルクアップ型群がパワーアップ型群より有意に高い値を示した.また, 連続50回にわたる等速性膝伸展力の低下率は, トレーニングが進むにつれてバルクアップ型群では小さくなるのに対して, パワーアップ型群では顕著な変化は認められなかった.上述の結果は, パワーアップ型手段はおもに筋力・無気的パワーの増大に, バルクアップ型手段はおもに筋肥大および無気的持久力の増大にそれぞれ有効であることを示すものである.これらの結果は, 筋力トレーニングでは, 特性の異なるパワーアップ型手段とバルクアップ型手段を, 各人の目的に即して適切に使い分けることが重要であることを示唆するものである.

著者

井川 幸雄 鈴木 政登 塩田 正俊

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.1-10, 1985-02-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of commercial sports beverage intake after a thermal exposure on water-electrolytes balance.Nine healthy male volunteers with a mean age of 26.4 years, not heat acclimated, participated in a control experiment where no fluid was given (C experiment) . Five of them were given 500ml isotonic sports beverage containing Na+, K+, Cl-and glucose (S. B experiment) and/or 500 ml tap water (Wa experiment) immediately after sauna exposure. The nude subjects were exposed to a sauna with 65 to 70°C (r. h. 50 to 60%) for 30 min.Serum protein, electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-), creatinine, plasma aldosterone (Ald), and catecholamines concentrations and excretions of electrolytes and aldosterone into urine were measured before, and 3, 30, 60, and 120 min after the sauna. Serum and urinary osmolalities, blood pressure, rectal temperature (Tr), heart rate, oxygen consumption and weight loss were also measured.Body weight loss ranged from 50 to 750g. Serum protein, electrolytes and Ald concentrations increased significantly after the sauna. The enhanced levels of these variables and the depression of urine volume, urinary Na+excretion were maintained throughout the 2h recovery period in C experiment. Hydration associated with a reduced concentration of serum protein and electrolytes was observed at 30 min in S. B, at 60 min in Wa, and a dehydration occured again at 120 min both in S. B and Wa. A peak of urine volume was observed at 60 min in S. B and at 120 min in Wa during recovery. Free water clearance (CH2O) was -0.98 ml/min/100 ml GFR (Ccr) prior to the exposure. With no fluid administration after the sauna, an excess in negative water balance remained throughout the 2 h recovery. But CH2Ochanged from negative to positive at 60 and 120 min after sports beverage and/or water loadings.A significant elevation of % TRNa (0.33 to 1.14%) was maintained after the sauna in both C and Wa experiment. Plasma Aid concentration and excretion of Aid in urine after the exposure were higher in both C and Wa than in S. B experiment. The increased Tr did not return to the initial level throughout the recovery. No significant differences were observed among the three experiments in heart rate and blood pressure as well as Tr.The data indicate that salt deficit due to the sauna exposure was attenuated, but not prevented, by sports beverage intake, although the Aid secretion was alleviated. It is suggested that an over loading of sports beverage or water (i. e. 500 ml VS 50 to 750 g weight loss) leads to a marked and prompt water-diuresis, and to another dehydration. The increase of Tr as well as a partly salt deficit can be related to the rises in Ald secretion still observed at 2 h recovery.

著者

Jumpei Osakabe Masanobu Kajiki Ryosuke Inada Takaaki Matsumoto Yoshihisa Umemura

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.9-19, 2022-01-25 (Released:2022-01-14)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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Japanese collegiate and club lacrosse games are often held under environmental conditions of extreme heat in the summer. Lacrosse players are also required to wear protective equipment, which is a risk factor for heat-related illness. Nevertheless, the thermoregulatory responses of lacrosse players under such conditions are poorly understood. The present study compared the thermoregulatory responses in subjects wearing the mens’ lacrosse uniform or general athletic clothes during an exercise-simulated lacrosse match played in the heat (high temperatures). Eight men performed two experimental trials of 4 × 15-min intermittent cycling exercise in the heat (35°C, 50% relative humidity). All participants performed two trials wearing a lacrosse uniform (WEAR) or general athletic clothes (CON). The physiological strain index was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the WEAR condition than in CON, and exceeded the high risk level for heat-related illness in WEAR during the 3rd quarter. Additionally, rectal temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, and ratings for perceived exertion, thermal sensation, and thermal comfort were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the WEAR condition than in CON. Rectal temperature continued to increase during half-time in the WEAR condition, but not in CON (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that lacrosse players are at a higher risk of heat-related illness compared to other team sport athletes during a match because of the protective equipment worn, especially after half-time. Although further studies are required to confirm the thermoregulatory responses during an actual lacrosse match, our data will be useful in developing strategies to minimize the risk of heat-related illness.

著者

赤羽 秀徳 青木 和夫 星川 秀利

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.221-234, 2004-04-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ankle plantar and dorsal flexion on the lower extremities' dynamics and crank torque in pedaling movements. Twelve males (6 cyclists and 6 non-cyclists) pedaled at the rate of 90 and 120 rpm for a power output of 200W. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the different ankle movement patterns in one crank rotation. The first group (Gr1) showed a one time plantar and dorsal flexion movement in one rotation. The second group (Gr2) showed two plantar and dorsal flexion movements in one rotation. It was assumed that the exertion of positive plantar flexor power in the upstroke phase could provide the difference of the ankle movement patterns. The following results were shown in Gr2 as compared with Grl. 1) The positive crank torque time ratio was extended due to dorsal flexor torque produced near the top dead center. 2) Continuous muscle contraction of the same muscle was avoided and reduction in a burden was brought about due to plantar flexion in the upstroke phase. 3) Reduction of hip extensor torque was shown. These results suggest that two dorsal and plantar flexion movements in one rotation in pedaling could be a more effective pattern in terms of muscle work.

著者

井上 由里 大谷 啓尊 上杉 雅之 成瀬 進 小枝 英輝

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3, pp.345-350, 2015-06-01 (Released:2015-05-28)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the past injuries of female junior high and high school soccer players in comparison with those of male junior high and high school soccer players. 41 female and 60 male players were examined for the past injuries that they had experienced. The incidence of injuries in females was 0.21±1.69 injuries per player per year compared to 0.28±0.41 injuries per player per year in males. There was not significant difference in the incidence of past injuries between males and females. The most frequently injured region was the ankle in females and the upper extremities in males. Females experienced frequent ligament injuries while males experienced frequent fractures. It was unusual that females experienced a higher rate of Osgood-Schlatter disease. Females also had more traumatic injuries caused by non-contact incidents. We conclude that it is important for female soccer players in junior high and high school to take measures to prevent ligament injuries in the lower leg and traumatic injuries caused by non-contact incidents. We need to conduct further research to reveal why the females experienced a higher rate of Osgood-Schlatter disease.

著者

鈴木 政登 坂木 佳寿美 松原 茂 三浦 次郎 塩田 正俊 飯島 好子 町田 勝彦 井川 幸雄

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.4, pp.231-242, 1990-08-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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成長期にあるスポーツ選手の運動と栄養摂取の実状を把握するとともに適正な運動と栄養のあり方を考える目的で, 次のような実験を行なった.高校生野球部員17名 (15~16歳, 169.1cm, 59.Okg) を対象に, 1週間の夏期強化練習 (自宅通学) 時にエネルギー消費量 (EE) , 栄養摂取量 (CI) , 摂取食品目数, 体重および血圧を毎日測定し, 12分間走は4回行なった.血液・尿成分は強化練習初日, 4日目および最終日 (7日目) の3回測定した.本実験結果は, 次の通りであった.1.強化練習1週間の平均EEは53.4±7.5kcal/kg/dayであった.CIはEEの87.2%に相当し, 1日あたり平均7.4kcal/kg少なかった.しかし, 体重の経日的変化は観察されなかった.2.強化練習経過にともなう血圧変化はみられなかったが, 12分間走成績は低下した.3.炭水化物 (C) , 脂肪 (F) および蛋白質 (P) の熱量比は, 1週間の平均でそれぞれ66.0, 20.3および13.8%であり, 動物性蛋白質は47.8%であった.4.食事内容は各家庭でほぼ決まっており, 個人内変動が少なかった.概ね摂取食品目数が少なく, 10品目に満たない者が35%みられ, それがほぼ1週間継続していた.5.血液成分のうち顕著に変化したのは1血清TG, TP, Hgb濃度およびCPK活性であり, 強化練習4日目から最終日にかけてCPK活性が著しく上昇し, 他は低下した.とくにTG濃度低下が著しく4日目には初日の1/3以下に激減した.6.強化練習4日目, 最終日にかけて, 無機燐 (Pi) , 尿素窒素 (UN) およびカテコールアミン (CA) 排泄量が著増し, Na, Cl排泄量は低下した.7.強化練習1週間の体重, 12分間走成績, EEおよびCIと血液・尿成分変化との相互関連を調べた結果, 負のエネルギー出納 (CI-EE) が増すほど, 尿中CA排泄量や血清CPK活性が上昇し, TG, TPおよびHgb濃度が逆に低下することが示された.以上の実験結果から, 現状の運動量と栄養摂取状態が持続すれば体重が減少し, 貧血を生じる可能性は十分あり, 体力のみならず十分な技術向上も期待できない, と考えられる.この運動量で野球練習を続けるならば, 摂取食品目数および総摂取熱量の増加, とくに脂肪 (現在の熱量比の平均20.3%) , 蛋白質 (現在平均1.509/kg/day) の摂取増加など栄養摂取面の改善が必要であると思われる.稿を終えるにあたり, 本研究遂行に御協力いただいた栄養士, 三浦かおり, 横田あけみの両氏に厚く御礼申し上げます.また, 被検者として御協力いただいた千葉県立流山中央高校野球部々員諸君ならびに大井監督に御礼申し上げます.

著者

中谷 敏昭 灘本 雅一 森井 博之

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.5, pp.643-646, 2001-10-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

4 2

著者

Takayuki Tajima Yoshinobu Saito Riri Kato Yayoi Kibayashi Motohiko Miyachi I-Min Lee Yuko Oguma

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.113-119, 2018-03-25 (Released:2018-03-16)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2 2

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This study describes relationships between awareness of physical activity (PA) promotion and duration of PA and sedentary behavior (SB) in elderly Japanese. Following a community-wide intervention, 874 individuals 65 years or over were selected via population-based random sampling of 3,000 adults aged 20 years or over living in Fujisawa City, and asked to complete self-administered questionnaires; 550 responded and 373 with data on pertinent variables were included. Forty-eight percent (179/373) stated that they recognized elements of the Japanese PA guidelines such as the “Active Guide” and “+10 (plus ten).” The median duration of PA, of intensity at least equal to walking, and SB among all participants were 100 minutes/day and 300 minutes/day, respectively. Duration of PA did not significantly differ by promotion awareness (Odds Ratio (OR) for ≥100 minutes/day among those aware = 1.02, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.65-1.62); however, duration of SB did (OR for <300 minutes/day = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.01-2.53). Awareness of PA promotion in elderly Japanese is related to decreased SB, but not increased PA of intensity at least equal to walking.

著者

Fumio Yamazaki Yume Araki Sayaka Takuno Ayuka Hamada

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.5, pp.255-262, 2021-09-25 (Released:2021-09-16)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

4

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of aerobic exercise training on the coldness of the body and physiologically-related factors in Japanese young women with cold constitution. Eighteen subjects were divided into two groups: exercise (E) and non-exercise control (C) groups. Subjects in the E group performed exercise training of fast walking 4 days or more per week for 4 weeks. The training significantly decreased the scores for cold feeling in the fingertips and toes, but did not change the metabolic rate or sublingual and skin temperatures in the hands and feet during rest under normothermic conditions. In the C group, all variables remained unchanged throughout the 4-week control period. These results suggest that aerobic exercise mitigated coldness in the distal portion of the extremities via the reduction of cold sensation at a normal body temperature in young women complaining of chilliness.

著者

Taisei Hakozaki Shota Enoki Seiya Sakihama Soju Ishimatsu Rieko Kuramochi

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.4, pp.213-218, 2021-07-25 (Released:2021-07-15)

参考文献数

21

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Subconcussive head impact exposure in sports is a complex public health issue. Although many head impacts are asymptomatic, the near point of convergence (NPC) that measures the closest point of focus before diplopia occurs, has been shown to reflect subclinical neuronal damage. Studies have not been conducted on the effect of repeated head impact exposure due to falls from heights, like in pole vaulting. This study examines the NPC response in collegiate pole vaulters with indirect head impact history due to falls from heights. This prospective observational study included four-pole vaulters and three decathletes. The study was conducted during the end of the Japanese collegiate track and field season. The measurements were taken at pre-practice, 0 h post-practice, 24 h post-practice, 1 week post-practice, 2 weeks post-practice, 3 weeks post-practice, and 4 weeks post-practice. Players completed the NPC test and the symptom checklist. There was a significant difference in the NPC value at pre-practice and 4 weeks post-practice; P = 0.048. Compared to pre-practice values, NPC significantly increased at 0 h post-practice (mean [SE] values: pre-practice, 5.61 [0.69] cm; 0 h post-practice, 7.31 [0.79] cm; P = 0.02). At 3 weeks post-practice and 4 weeks post-practice, NPC values were significantly reduced compared to the values at 0 h post-practice (mean [SE] values: 0 h post-practice, 7.31 [0.79] cm; 3 weeks post-practice, 5.75 [0.61] cm; 4 weeks post-practice, 5.52 [0.64] cm). This study reveals that NPC can be impaired by pole vaulting. The increased NPC returned to normal after 3 - 4 weeks of rest.

著者

Yukiya Tanoue Takaaki Komiyama Hiroaki Tanaka Yasuki Higaki Yoshinari Uehara

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.4, pp.181-189, 2021-07-25 (Released:2021-07-15)

参考文献数

35

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After exercise training, improvement in cognitive function is associated with high parasympathetic nervous activity. However, the relationship between cardiac autonomic nervous activity and cognitive function after acute exercise may differ from that after chronic exercise, because parasympathetic nervous activity decreases with acute exercise. Here, we examined the relationship between parasympathetic nervous activity and cognitive function after acute exercise. Twelve male participants performed cognitive tasks in exercise and non-exercise conditions, with a randomized crossover design. Participants in the exercise condition ran on a treadmill for 10 min, with a running speed corresponding to a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 10–12 in each subject. Cognitive tasks were performed before and after both conditions. Heart rate variability during cognitive tasks was measured to evaluate autonomic nervous system activity. In the exercise condition, RPE was 11.1 ± 0.2 (mean ± SE) immediately after exercise. Exercise at RPE 10–12 improved reaction times in Go trials (from 687.8 ± 55.2 to 568.2 ± 45.9 ms, P < 0.05). In the non-exercise condition, cognitive performance remained stable throughout the experiment. In addition, parasympathetic nervous activity (high-frequency component of heart rate variability) remained low after exercise compared with before exercise (from 586.4 ± 122.5 to 372.8 ± 92.9 ms2, P < 0.05). In contrast, parasympathetic nervous activity increased in the non-exercise condition (from 516.6 ± 94.9 ms2 to 642.5 ± 85.6 ms2, P < 0.05). The present results suggest that improvement in cognitive function after acute exercise may be related to reduced parasympathetic nervous activity.

著者

Nobuyasu Tomabechi Kazuki Takizawa Keisuke Shibata Masao Mizuno

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.4, pp.191-198, 2021-07-25 (Released:2021-07-15)

参考文献数

28

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Work-matched high-intensity intermittent cycling training (HIICT) reportedly improves VO2max regardless of the combination of loads and cadences. However, the effect of work-matched HIICT with different combinations of loads and cadences on anaerobic work capacity is unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects of work-matched HIICT with different loads and cadences on Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) performance, which is an index of anaerobic work capacity. University athletes performed HIICT either with high-load / 60 rpm (HL60, n = 8) or low-load / 120 rpm (LL120, n = 8). HIICT consisted of eight sets of pedaling for 20 s with 10 s of passive rest between each set. Initial exercise intensity was set at 135% of VO2peak and decreased by 5% after every two sets. HIICT was performed for 18 sessions during the 6-week period. Pre and post the training period, peak power, peak rpm, average power, and time to reach peak power during WAnT and VO2peak were measured. According to two-way analysis of variance (time × group), the main effect of time was observed in VO2peak, peak power, peak rpm, and average power during WAnT (p < 0.05). However, time × group interaction was not observed for any indices (p > 0.05). Conversely, time × group interaction was observed in time to reach peak power during WAnT, and significantly shortened only in HL60 (p < 0.05). These results suggest the effectiveness of work-matched HIICT with high-load / low cadence on WAnT performance.

著者

久枝 光 中村 好男 久野 譜也 福永 哲夫 村岡 功

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.345-355, 1996-04-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 1

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本研究では1) レジスタンストレーニングにおける高速度運動が, トレーニング後の運動速度に与える影響を明らかにすること, および, 2) トレーニングでの運動速度の差異が筋の肥大に与える影響を明らかにすることを目的とし, 健常な一般人に対して, 週4回8週間の肘関節屈曲トレーニングを行った.トレーニングには一定負荷を用い, 急速な力発揮を伴う高速度運動によるトレーニング (Type R) と, 低速度運動によるトレーニング (Type S) の2種類を行った.トレーニングに用いた運動速度の差異がトレーニング効果に与える影響を明らかにするために, 一定負荷のもとにおこなう肘関節屈曲の運動速度, 肘関節屈曲の等速性筋力および上腕屈筋群の筋横断面積を検討した.その結果, Type Rは高速度域 (300deg/s) での等速性筋力を有意に増加させなかった.一方, 一定負荷のもとに行う運動速度の増加率はType Rにおいて高い傾向がみられた.これらの結果より, 急速な力発揮を伴う高速度運動によるトレーニングは同様式の運動速度を増加させるが, 運動様式が異なる高速度域の等速性筋力を必ずしも増加させないことが示唆された.さらに, 筋横断面積の増加率はType Rにおいて有意に高値を示した.このことから, 低速度運動に比べ急速な力発揮を伴う高速度運動は, 8週間のトレーニングにおいて, より筋の肥大を起こしやすいということが示唆された.

著者

与那 正栄 室 増男 下敷領 光一 永田 晟

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.5, pp.307-314, 1990-10-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2 1

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本研究は, 3つの静的筋力負荷強度を用いた筋力トレーニングによってEMG-RTへの影響を検討し, 反応時間短縮の機構を探ろうとしたものである.その結果は以下の通りである.(1) 最大筋力 (MVC) , 70%MVC, 50%MVCトレーニング群ともに最大筋力, 積分筋電図 (IEMG) , 平均パワー周波数 (MPF) は有意な増加を示し, EMG-RTは有意な短縮を示した.そして, トレーニング前では示されなかった最大筋力, IEMG, MPFとEMG-RTとの間の関係は, 筋力の増大に伴って負の相関関係が示された.(2) 70%MVC, MVCトレーニング群は, 50%MVCトレーニング群に比べて変化が大きかった.(3) 動作時間 (筋放電から張力の変曲点まで: motor time) は各トレーニング群ともに短縮を示したが, 70%MVC群は他の2群に比して短縮が大きかった.(4) 反応動作時の発揮張力とその筋放電量は各トレーニング群で増加を示し, 筋放電持続時間は短縮した.しかし, 50%MVCトレーニング群に比して70%MVC, MVCトレーニング群は大きく変化した.(5) 筋力トレーニングによる反応時間の短縮は, 神経性刺激の大きいトレーニング内容によって影響を受けた.そのことは筋力トレーニングによる筋出力系への影響で, 素早い反応に関与する系が刺激されたことによるものであることを示唆するものである.

著者

佐藤 恒久 倉田 まゆ子 石田 尚志 江橋 博 寺尾 保

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.183-193, 1985-06-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

15

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長距離レースを想定した速度で, 全力走トレーニングを17日間連日実施した1名と, 運動強度: 2/3VO2max (150m/min, 勾配+3度) のトレッドミル20分走を10年間連日実施した1名の, 健康な男性非鍛練者の経時的心電図を解析した.その結果前者では, 運動開始後21日目には, 心室内変行伝導を伴った上室性期外収縮が頻発した.23日目には, 上室性期外収縮とともに, 洞性不整脈もみられた.44日目には, 洞性徐脈と心室内変行伝導を伴った上室性二段脈, 213日目でも, 上室性二段脈が持続した.一方後者では, 運動開始5年後初めて問入性心室性期外収縮が出現し, 9年後には心室性期外収縮の頻発を認めたが, 10年目には心室性期外収縮の散発をみるに過ぎなかった.すなわち, 過激な運動では, 短期間の運動でも長期にわたって病的不整脈が観察されたのに対し, 適度な運動では, 長期にわたる負荷でも治療を要する不整脈は全くみられなかった.

著者

林 正

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.55-67, 1970-09-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

1 1

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The physical fitness and motor ability of 17, 000 school children in Kyoto City, age 10-17, was studied in 1966-1968. A sports test from the Japanese Ministry of Education, 1963 was used.The sports test consists of seven items-physical fitness diagnostic test and of five items-motor ability test.At first, the mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and g1-statistics were calculate using the data of each item of the sports test for boys and girls of every age.In the paper the results obtained by these preliminary analysis of the data are reported The results which are most worth mentioning are as follows.1. The age when muscular strength is most remarkably developed coincides with the age when the increase of height is the most remarkably developed. However, according to the results obtained from the Modified Harverd Step Test and Endurance Running, improvement of respiratory and circulatory function seems to occur at a slightly older age.2. In every item of the sports test records clearly show individual differences. The individual differences related to physical fitness and motor ability seem to be greater than the individual differences related to body type. The greatest individual differences are generally found during the age when the children are most rapidly developing-girls, 10-11 years; boys, 12-14.3. In most of the items, the distribution is found to be asymmetric which is especially noticable in chinning (modified), step test and trunk extention. In these items the evaluation of individual relative ability among the group by the use of mean and standard deviation is not necessarily suitable.The use of median or mean as the standard value is recommended Records of our subject were compared with the standards records reported by the Japanese Ministry of Education and with several reports done 30-40 years ago.

著者

西保 岳 姜 熙成 池上 晴夫

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.5, pp.284-293, 1985-10-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1 1

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The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effects of muscle pump by pedaling exercise on blood circulation and define its properties. Lower body pressurization device equipped with bicycle ergometer was used to provide negative pressure on the lower body of subjects in recumbent position. Seven healthy male collage students volunteered for subjects.Whole experiment for each subjects was divided into control stage (0 mmHg), -20, -40, and -60 mmHg LBNP (lower body negative pressure) stage. Preceeded by resting period, 25, 75, and 125 W exercise in experiment 1, 50 and 100 W exercise in experiment 2 were loaded using bicycle ergometer with revolution of 60 rpm during each stage. Following parameters were determined: HR, SV, Q, and blood pressure.The results obtained were as follows;(1) In resting condition, LBNP caused significant decrease in SV and Q in spite of marked compensatory increase in HR.(2) These effects of LBNP were cancelled in -20 mmHg or mostly cancelled in -40 and -60 mmHg by pedaling exercise of 50 W or more.(3) Effect of muscle pump by pedaling exercise is apparent in light exercise such as 25 or 50 W arriving to a plateau with more intensive load.(4) Muscle pump action by the same exercise condition is more effective under more severe LBNP.(5) Light exercise in LBNP caused decrease in HR, probably because of pressure reflex initiated by restoration of blood pressure.These results leed us to a conclusion that light pedaling exercise produces a powerful pumping action nearly enough to compensate the circulatory disturbance by strong LBNP.