著者
金 利昭
出版者
公益社団法人 日本都市計画学会
雑誌
都市計画. 別冊, 都市計画論文集 = City planning review. Special issue, Papers on city planning (ISSN:09131280)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.3, pp.91-96, 2009-10-25
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
1 1

本研究は、自転車利用者の満足度を用いて自転車走行環境を評価し、自転車レーンのサービス水準を設定した。具体的な成果は第一に、自転車レーンにおける満足度評価の安定には10回程度の実走行が必要である。第二に、交通環境と満足度の関係を分析し、満足度モデルを構築した。第三に、構築した満足度モデルを用いてさまざまな道路状況における自転車レーン走行環境のサービス水準を設定した。これにより、利用者の満足度指標を用いた自転車レーンの評価を可能とした。
著者
大谷 道輝
出版者
一般社団法人日本医療薬学会
雑誌
医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.1, pp.1-10, 2003-02-10 (Released:2011-03-04)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
9 8

The dilution or mixing of commercially available corticosteroid formulations is a common practice in our country. We therefore evaluated the pharmaceutical stability and clinical effects of such admixtures.The quantities of the aqueuos phase separated by centrifugation employed as an index of the destructution of an emulsion after mixing were measured, with a high value being obtained with the admixtures of corticosteroid ointments and o/w-type moisuturizing creams. In contrast, the admixtures utilizing w/o-type creams were found to be physically stable for a month.To evaluate the preservative efficacy, we attempted to investigate the microbial contamination of these admixtures with Antebete® ointment. For all aqueous phases separated by centrifugation stored and at room either temperature or in a refrigerator for one week, and each mixture was touched by a human finger twice a day. As a result, it was impossible to prevent microbial contamination in these admixtures.The permeability of corticosteroids using hairless mice skin in the admixture of Lidomex® ointment, Antebete® ointment, and Myser® ointment and moisturizing creams through the skin was 5-, 2-, 3-fold greater, respectively, than that from each corticosteroid ointment alone. The extent of the stability of the emulsion after mixing was related to the permeability.The vasoconstrictor activity of humans in the admixture of Lidomex® ointment and moisturizing creams, urea or heparinoid, was about 2 fold greater than that from the corticosteroid ointments alone, and this difference was significant.When the concentration of corticosteroid was reduced by half using an admixture of corticosteroid ointment with vaseline or moisturizing creams, no difference was observed in the systemic side effects between the corticosteroid ointment alone and the admixtures.
著者
永田 親義 今村 詮 斉藤 肇 福井 謙一
出版者
The Japanese Cancer Association
雑誌
GANN Japanese Journal of Cancer Research (ISSN:0016450X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.1, pp.109-117, 1963-03-31 (Released:2008-10-23)
参考文献数
23

The changes of π-electron distribution in atoms in purine bases participating in the hydrogen-bond formation in Watson-Crick model of deoxyribonucleic acid are calculated by the simple linear combination of atomic orbital-molecular orbital (LC-AO-MO) method assuming that the alkylating agents attack the guanine at its 7-N position and adenine at its 7-N and 3-N positions. The changes in electron density are believed to make an alteration of the hydrogen bond with respect to the mode of pairing. It is assumed that the tautomeric change of guanine-cytosine pair results and weakens the hydrogen bond strength of adenine-thymine pair. These changes are discussed in relation to the biological effect of alkylating agents such as mutagenic, carcinogenic, and carcinostatic activities.
著者
永田 親義 今村 詮 福井 謙一 斉藤 肇
出版者
The Japanese Cancer Association
雑誌
GANN Japanese Journal of Cancer Research (ISSN:0016450X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.4, pp.401-414, 1963-12-31 (Released:2008-10-23)
参考文献数
23

Results of the quantum biological study of an interaction of potent carcinogens such as 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxides and aromatic hydrocarbons with tissue components, especially with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), are presented and chemical carcinogenesis is discussed in connection with charge transfer phenomenon. An equation is derived to obtain the charge transfer quantity between two constituent molecules in the charge transfer complex, and distinct parallelism is found between the quantity of charge transfer and carcinogenic activity. From this result, it is suggested that the quantity of charge transfer is more important in the genesis of tumor than the charge transfer force. Summation of an alteration of base paring in Watson-Crick stereo-model of DNA resulting from the charge transfer between DNA and the carcinogens is deemed to be the cause of tumor.
著者
高尾 義明
出版者
首都大学東京大学院 経営学研究科 経済経営学会
雑誌
経済経営研究 (ISSN:2434690X)
巻号頁・発行日
no.1, pp.81-106, 2019-03-20

Research on job crafting has burgeoned lately. However, most studies have failed to exploit the potential that the job crafting concept originally hold. Furthermore,previous research on job crafting has not been fully presented in Japan. Hence, the first aim of the present study is to identify the intention of the concept constructionand clarify the uniqueness and the significance of the concept by differentiating it from similar concepts. The second aim is to review extant studies and show severalavenues for future research.
著者
Keiichi Kakui Daisuke Uyeno Tohru Naruse
出版者
The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology
雑誌
Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.1, pp.49-60, 2019-05-25 (Released:2019-05-25)
参考文献数
40
被引用文献数
1

We describe Parakonarus kajii sp. nov. from near Iriomote Island, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. This is the first record of Parakonarus from the North Pacific. As members in this genus show great sexual dimorphism, we checked our male and female specimens for conspecificity by using partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The two individuals differed by two nucleotide substitutions in 661 nt (0.3% K2P distance), indicating they are the same species. This species closely resembles P. kopure reported from New Zealand, but differs in having the ventral process on the chelipedal carpus longer than wide, the inner comb-row on the chelipedal propodus composed of 16 setae, and the dactylus and unguis of pereopods 4–6 fused in the male; and the carpi of pereopods 2 and 3 without a ventrodistal spiniform seta, the propodal palm of the cheliped with two inner simple setae at the insertion of the dactylus, and article 2 of the maxillipedal palp with one mid-outer and one outer distal simple setae in the female. On the inner surface of the chelipeds in male P. kajii, we observed an elongate plate-like structure that could be a reduced ischium.
著者
HIDEAKI KANZAWA-KIRIYAMA TIMOTHY A. JINAM YOSUKE KAWAI TAKEHIRO SATO KAZUYOSHI HOSOMICHI ATSUSHI TAJIMA NOBORU ADACHI HIROFUMI MATSUMURA KIRILL KRYUKOV NARUYA SAITOU KEN-ICHI SHINODA
出版者
日本人類学会
雑誌
Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.190415, (Released:2019-05-29)
被引用文献数
3 60

The Funadomari Jomon people were hunter-gatherers living on Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan c. 3500–3800 years ago. In this study, we determined the high-depth and low-depth nuclear genome sequences from a Funadomari Jomon female (F23) and male (F5), respectively. We genotyped the nuclear DNA of F23 and determined the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-I genotypes and the phenotypic traits. Moreover, a pathogenic mutation in the CPT1A gene was identified in both F23 and F5. The mutation provides metabolic advantages for consumption of a high-fat diet, and its allele frequency is more than 70% in Arctic populations, but is absent elsewhere. This variant may be related to the lifestyle of the Funadomari Jomon people, who fished and hunted land and marine animals. We observed high homozygosity by descent (HBD) in F23, but HBD tracts longer than 10 cM were very limited, suggesting that the population size of Northern Jomon populations were small. Our analysis suggested that population size of the Jomon people started to decrease c. 50000 years ago. The phylogenetic relationship among F23, modern/ancient Eurasians, and Native Americans showed a deep divergence of F23 in East Eurasia, probably before the split of the ancestor of Native Americans from East Eurasians, but after the split of 40000-year-old Tianyuan, indicating that the Northern Jomon people were genetically isolated from continental East Eurasians for a long period. Intriguingly, we found that modern Japanese as well as Ulchi, Korean, aboriginal Taiwanese, and Philippine populations were genetically closer to F23 than to Han Chinese. Moreover, the Y chromosome of F5 belonged to haplogroup D1b2b, which is rare in modern Japanese populations. These findings provided insights into the history and reconstructions of the ancient human population structures in East Eurasia, and the F23 genome data can be considered as the Jomon Reference Genome for future studies.
著者
Keiichi Kakui Michitaka Shimomura Shoichi Kimura Taeko Kimura
出版者
The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology
雑誌
Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.1, pp.103-108, 2019-05-25 (Released:2019-05-25)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
1

In 2017, we collected a pair (male and female) of topotypic individuals of the parasitic isopod Pseudione nephropsi Shiino, 1951 from a single nephropid lobster, Metanephrops japonicus (Tapparone-Canefri, 1873), at 310–298 m depth off the eastern coast of the Kii Peninsula, Japan. Based on these specimens, we provide a supplementary description of the male and female morphology, and present mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA barcode sequences. The sequence length amplified with primer pair LCO-1490/HCO-2198 was 658 nt, and there were four synonymous nucleotide substitutions (0.6% p-distance) between the two sequences.
著者
宮下 由香里 吾妻 崇 小峰 佑介 亀高 正男 岸山 碧
出版者
日本地球惑星科学連合
雑誌
日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会
巻号頁・発行日
2019-03-14

日奈久断層帯は,2016年熊本地震の発生を受け,地震活動が活発化するエリアに属することが指摘されている.しかし,日奈久断層帯の古地震履歴は不明な点が多い.産総研は,熊本地震以降,3年間にわたって日奈久断層帯の陸域及び海域において古地震調査を実施してきた.その結果,日奈久断層帯はこれまでに考えられてきたよりも,高頻度で地震を起こしてきたことが明らかとなりつつある.プロジェクト最終年度にあたる今年度は,八代市でトレンチ調査を行った.速報的な結果と過去2年間の調査結果,今後の課題を紹介する.トレンチ調査は,八代市川田町西地点で行った.トレンチは昨年度同地点で掘削したトレンチ南側に隣接する場所で掘削した.トレンチ掘削に先立ち,7孔のボーリングを掘削して,堆積物の層相と分布を把握し,断層通過位置を推定した.トレンチは2段階に分けて掘削した.1個目のトレンチでは,西側導入路部分に断層が露出したため,断層がトレンチ壁面の中央にくるように2個目のトレンチを掘削した.2個目のトレンチは,長さ17m,幅10m,深さ6m程度で,2段堀とした.トレンチ壁面の地層は,南北両壁面において,上位より,A:人工改変土,B:河川成のシルト,砂,C:チャネルを充填するシルト,砂,砂礫,D:河川成のシルト,砂,砂礫の各層に大別される.B層は古代の土師器を含む.D層は上部の縄文後期の土器を含むシルト・砂,中部の腐植質シルト,下部のK-Ah火山灰層を含むシルト/砂互層,最下部の砂礫層から構成される.断層は,南北両壁面で観察され,北東—南西走向,高角西傾斜の見かけ正断層である.D層以下を変位・変形させる.北壁面では,断層はD層中で上方に向かって分岐する.C層に削り込まれるが,C層最下底は変形に伴う開口亀裂を充填しているようにも見える.以上より,D層/C層境界付近にイベント層準を認定した.D層を構成する地層中では,断層両側での変位量の差違,引きずり変形の程度の違い,断層低下側での層厚の変化などが認められ,D層中に1回の古地震イベントがある可能性がある.南壁面では,平行な2条の断層面が認められる.いずれもD層上部で不明瞭となるが,B層には確実に覆われる.予察的な年代測定の結果,C層から1130±30 yBP,D層から6240±30 yBPが得られている.以上より,1130±30 yBPと6240±30 yBP間に,2回以上の古地震イベントが推定される.
著者
天児 和暢
出版者
日本細菌学会
雑誌
日本細菌学雑誌 (ISSN:00214930)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.2, pp.315-330, 2014 (Released:2014-03-28)
参考文献数
4
被引用文献数
1 5

レーウェンフックは細菌の発見者であるが,その名があまり知られていない。何故だろうか。その疑問を解くため,私はイギリスの原虫学者C. Dobell の書いたレーウェンフックの本を読み,次のようなことを知った。彼は研究者ではなくデルフトで衣類の販売をしていた一介の市民であった。彼は自分で作った顕微鏡を使い観察し,その結果を手紙でロンドン王立協会へ送っていたが,論文は書いていない。自分の顕微鏡の作成法や観察法を公表しなかったので,彼の死後再現実験が為されることはなく,やがて忘れ去られていった。この総説では,未だ細菌という言葉もなくその様な微細な生物が居ることさえ知られていなかった時代に,彼が細菌の発見をどの様に記述していたか,また,この様な目に見えない生物の存在を初めて知った彼が,それをどう考えていたのかなどを,Dobellの翻訳した彼の王立協会宛の記述を引用し,彼の観察とその考えを紹介する。彼がどのような人物であったか,各自で想像して頂きたい。