著者
宮尾 三郎
出版者
長野県医学会
雑誌
信州醫學雜誌 (ISSN:00373826)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, no.4, pp.510-511, 1963-10-25
著者
福井 重雅
出版者
東洋史研究會
雑誌
東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, no.3, pp.433-459, 1984-12-31

Centering around the degree of Xianliang fangzheng, this article deals with the system of officials' appointment of the Han Dynasty. First one must pay attention to the fact that all those eligible capable of recommending persons for appointment as officials for official examination were called "nobles" (gongqing 公卿), whereas those who had taken the examination were named 'officials" (shidafu 士大夫), and try to understand the difference between these two groups properly. As a result we may state that the examination system of the Han was structured according to income : those above 2, 000 shi 石 were the "nobles", those below to 400 shi were mere "gentlemen" (shi 士), and those between equivalent to 600 and 1, 000 shi were "officers" (dafu 大夫). Its aim was to promote people from the position of the gentlemen to that of officers. Looking therefore at the Han Dynasty system of official selection from this angle, the Zhou hierarchy of nobles, officers, and gentlemen is strongly noticeable. However, if we scrutinize the historical data very carefully, we realize that one must not overlook the existence of a particular Han element arising as a reaction to the imperial despotic government. That is, the examination system can on the one hand be seen on the ideological background of the Zhou system, on the other hand, one must consider the possibility that it developed in the wake of a centralized administration which began at that time, and as such represents a new method of recruiting men of talent. Holding the two elements of tradition and realism in a subtle balance and preserving them through ingenious managing, the selection of Xianliang fangzheng under the Han dynasty grew gradually into a fixated examination system. This, I think, was the most important cause for the examination system.
著者
清川 敦子
出版者
関西大学大学院東アジア文化研究科
雑誌
東アジア文化交渉研究 東アジア文化研究科開設記念号 (ISSN:18827748)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.129-142, 2012-03-24

Many art historians stated the influential facts on ukiyo-e from Chinese woodblock prints. During the Edo period the woodcuts of Suzhou (soshu-hanga) were imported into Japan at Nagasaki trade and they played very important role for the development of ukiyo-e. In this paper I look into few important phenomena how Chinese woodblock prints influenced ukiyo-e prints from the views of the pioneer nishiki-e artist, Suzuki Harunobu. He may have had the opportunity to see the woodcuts of Suzhou because he was in the environment which Hiraga Gennai and other professionals had accepted new cultures from abroad. This paper discusses the similarities between Harunobu's works and the woodcuts of Suzhou, and the possibilities which Harunobu had created his works by taking hints from Chinese woodblock prints as he was one of the internationally influenced artists.
著者
関 智弥 池田 宏 SEKI Tomoya IKEDA Hiroshi
出版者
Terrestrial Environment Research Center, the University of Tsukuba
雑誌
筑波大学陸域環境研究センター報告 = Bulletin of the Terrestrial Environment Research Center,the University of Tsukuba (ISSN:13463381)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, pp.75-88, 2003-10

Lake Kasumigaura is a coastal lake, the second largest lake in Japan. There is the lacustrine lowland with a width of 0.5 - 1.0km, around Lake Kasumigaura. The lacustrine lowland consists of "Terrace I", "Terrace II" and "developing Lowland". It has been known that the lacustrine lowland formed at present, however the mechanisms and processes of formation have not been well understood. Thus, in this study, geomorphic characters and mechanism of developing lowland are revealed by distributions of reed community and grain size analysis and analysis of wave energy.Developing lowland is low and flat topography, and its relative height is 0 - 0.5m from mean water level. And its structure materials are mainly fine grains especially "very fine sand" and "silt". In addition distributions of the developing lowland and reed community have close correlation. And these distributions are determined mainly by wave energy.These results lead to the conclusion that developing lowland was formed with deposition of sands by the wave and capture of fine grains by reeds.
著者
秦 裕緯
出版者
熊本大学
雑誌
熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, pp.207-218, 2018-03-25

There are a lot of similarities between Patrick Lafcadio Hearn and Natsume Soseki. These two authors are known for both their similar work and experiences. The focus of this study is the images of water in Hearn's retold ghost story Yuki-Onna and Yume-Juya (which is also called Ten Nights Dreams), a series of short pieces by Soseki. The image of water appears frequently and plays an important part in both the two works. However, the expressions of water are different in both stories. There are two similar spaces consisted of the image of water existing in these two stories, which also acts as the connection and boundary to another world. Water plays opposite roles in marriage and mother-child relationship in Yuki-Onna and simultaneously, is an important metaphor between life and death in Yume-jiya. This study compares the similarities and differences by analyzing the two images of water in these two works and tries to clarify how and why they are shaped in these ways.