著者

木島 泰三

出版者

法政大学文学部

雑誌

法政大学文学部紀要 = Bulletin of Faculty of Letters, Hosei University (ISSN:04412486)

巻号頁・発行日

no.72, pp.59-76, 2015

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In the first section, we review the outline of Spinoza's project of a naturalistic ethics that does not presuppose any natural teleology. We show that Spinoza's conatus is a non-teleological, inertia-like power (though it is not the same as inertia itself) that plays important roles in hisethical project. We also point out that his project provides several conclusions that are similar to Epicurean hedonist ethics, and this similitude seems to be rooted in their shared non-teleological naturalistic worldview and shared naturalistic view of humanity. In the second section, we begin by analyzing distinct, though related, senses of the concept of contingency in his Ethics. According to Spinoza, "contingent" means "whose causes we are ignorant of." In this sense, contingency amounts to unpredictability, and thus for finite beings,the destiny of each finite being is contingent or unpredictable because of the unpredictability of the course of the "common natural order" on which our destiny depends. On another occasion,Spinoza characterizes our knowledge wiiich depends on the "common natural order" as "fortuitous" with a very negative emphasis. Here, Spinoza shares his negative evaluation of the purposelessness of the natural necessity with teleologists by taking the standpoint of finite individuals that seek naturalistic goodness for their own sake, which is explained by his conatusdoctrine non-teleologically. Doubtlessly, these two overlapping implications of Spinozistic con tingency for finite beings are of a negative or detrimental character, yet it is another Spinozistic conclusion that this unpredictable and fortuitous character of the "common natural order" is the sole source of novelty that can provide finite beings with growth and improvement. This is understandable because such unpredictability and fortuitousness are the very aspects of the divine infinite purpose-free productiveness, and it is here that we find an instance of the creative combination of contingency with necessity in Spinozistic finite beings. In the third section, we find a deeper instance of such a combination of contingency and necessity in the very possibility of the existence of finite complex beings. To make this clear, we look over a few modern Epicurean speculations attempted by La Mettrie and Hume that precedeDarwin. In them we find a combination of: (1) the huge random "trial and error" process done by Nature itself, and (2) the resulting self-subsisting structure. We can find both components in Spinoza's text: (1) Nature is infinitely productive and each individual is contingent in the sense that it does not necessarily exist, and (2) each existent being is self-preserving to some degree. Such considerations solve a puzzling question about Spinoza's theory of complex individuals: namely, why Spinoza does not assign any particular causes that combine constituents into an individual. Lastly, we reconfirm the strong affinity between Spinoza and Epicureans, but notice that there may be disagreement over whether Nature itself is contingent or not.

著者

古桧山 建吾 京極 真 織田 靖史

出版者

一般社団法人 日本作業療法士協会

雑誌

作業療法 (ISSN:02894920)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.180-189, 2020-04-15 (Released:2020-04-15)

参考文献数

23

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本研究の目的は,信念対立を経験したリハビリテーション専門職がマインドフルネストレーニングを実践することでたどる主観的体験の変化と,リハビリテーション専門職の信念対立に対してマインドフルネストレーニングがどのような影響を与えるかを明らかにすることである.対象者は,8週間のマインドフルネストレーニングを実践した.質的研究で対象者の主観的体験の変化,量的研究でマインドフルネストレーニングの効果を検証した.結果,対象者の信念対立の心理的側面は改善するが,信念対立そのものは改善しなかった.以上から,信念対立の問題には,マインドフルネストレーニングと信念対立解明アプローチを併せて対応する必要があると考える.

著者

月本 昭男

出版者

日本宗教学会

雑誌

宗教研究 (ISSN:03873293)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.Suppl, pp.51-52, 2014-03-30 (Released:2017-07-14)

著者

中岡 成文 ナカオカ ナリフミ Nakaoka Narifumi

出版者

大阪大学文学部

雑誌

待兼山論叢. 哲学篇 (ISSN:03874818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, pp.1-13, 1997-12

著者

小川 鼎三

出版者

順天堂医学会

雑誌

順天堂医学 (ISSN:00226769)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.407-414, 1972

著者

和気 純子

出版者

首都大学東京人文科学研究科社会福祉学分野

雑誌

人文学報 = The Journal of social sciences and humanities (ISSN:03868729)

巻号頁・発行日

no.484, pp.1-25, 2014-03

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主任介護支援専門員、社会福祉士、保健師等が必置とされる地域包括支援センターでは、3 職種が各自の役割を果たしながら、チームアプローチによって高齢者の地域生活支援を展開することが期待されている。しかしながら、包括的支援事業とともに介護予防支援事業への取り組み求められる状況で、負担が大きいとされる支援困難ケースをめぐる各職種の業務分担やチームアプローチの具体的展開は必ずしも明らかにされていない。そこで本研究では、地域包括支援センターへの全国調査から、支援困難ケースをめぐる3職種の実践内容をその異同に着目して分析し、それらをふまえた支援困難ケースへの対応のあり方を考察した。調査の結果から、3 職種の基本属性に差異が認められ、社会福祉士で男性、20~30 代の若い職員が多いことが明らかになった。権利擁護や総合相談など多機関との連携を要する業務や支援困難ケースへの対応でも社会福祉士が大きな役割を果たしていることが判明する一方、社会福祉士がこれらの業務をより困難に感じ、また、関連機関との連携の必要性をはじめ、ネットワークやチームアプローチ、自治体の後方支援等の必要性を強く認識していることも明らかになった。支援困難ケースに対する効果的な実践の方法や体制の確立には、権利擁護への対応等で支援困難ケースを多く抱える社会福祉士に対し、医学、介護予防、臨床的な専門療法の知識や対応方法、ネットワーキングやチームアプローチなどの多様な技法の習得支援と、適切なスーパービジョンの授受が求められる。

著者

上田万年, 松井簡治 著

出版者

金港堂書籍

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第3巻す〜な, 1917

著者

今野 元 Hajime KONNO

出版者

愛知県立大学外国語学部

雑誌

紀要.地域研究・国際学編 = Journal of the Faculty of Foreign Studies, Aichi Prefectural University: Area Studies and International Relations (ISSN:13420992)

巻号頁・発行日

no.48, pp.61-84, 2016-03-24

著者

海老沢 和子 加藤 正賢 羽根田 柾稀 手嶋 大侑 丸山 裕美子

出版者

愛知県立大学大学院国際文化研究科

雑誌

愛知県立大学大学院国際文化研究科論集(日本文化編) = Bulletin of the Graduate School of International Cultural Studies, Aichi Prefectural University (Japanese Culture) (ISSN:18847536)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.(234)-(198), 2018-03-12

著者

時実 象一

出版者

一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.7, pp.383-388, 2017-07-01 (Released:2017-07-01)

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欧米における民間の新聞デジタル・アーカイブについて調査・解説した。米国ではルーツ探しのため新聞アーカイブが商用として成り立っている。また大学向けにいくつかの新聞アーカイブが提供されている。Googleも一時挑戦したが途中で中止している。大英図書館は公的機関であるが,民間にデジタル化とサービスを委託している。これらの収録範囲,特徴などについて述べた

著者

幸重 忠孝

出版者

日本法政学会

雑誌

法政論叢 (ISSN:03865266)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.1-14, 2001-05-15 (Released:2017-11-01)

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The victim who caught psychosomatic damage by participating in self improvement seminar which was educational cult exists abundantly. This psychosomatic damage is the wound caught by mind rape. It can't complain about it, and it is everywhere as for the victims the damage of mind rape. It is rare that the problem of self improvement seminar is brought even into the judgment specially. Two factors exist greatly as a reason. To begin with, cult group are to control a member by using mind control. Secoundly, self improvement seminar are to use that it is hard to judge by law for mind control. This report analyzes about mind control and mind rape by cult group. Then, a past precedent is taken up about the damage of self improvement seminar. It is examined how it was interpreted about mind rape in the judgment from the precedent. The need of the social support system to the victim of mind rape is suggested at the end.

著者

佐藤 達郎

出版者

東洋史研究會

雑誌

東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.56-83, 1993-06-30

著者

永井 陽之助

出版者

JAPANESE POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.89-131,en6, 1966-09-26 (Released:2009-12-21)

参考文献数

3

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I Introduction II The Russian Revolution and the American Intellectuals III The New Deal Coalition and the Left-Intellectuals IV The End of Ideology and the American IdeologyIn contrast with the question posed by Werner Sombart at the turn of the century in the title of a book, “Why Is there No Socialism in the United States?”, this article examines the ideological adaptability of American Liberalism, as a surrogate for socialism, to the contemporary crisis home and abroad.The impact of Russian Revolution on American liberals who shared the optimistic expectation of the inevitable spread of democracy throughout the world, had failed to impress them as a challenge on the basic value-system of American regime, because of the misunderstanding about the nature of the Bolshevik regime by the narcissistic projection of American creed. That moralistic idealism, often indicated by the reformist prejudice for the machine politics, had prevented from the. understanding about the nature of “Revolution of rising expectation” in the developing areas.In addition to the creed, the unique character of New Deal coalition in terms of the ethnic, cultural heterogenity, the nationalization of socialism during the happy day of “popular front”, had contributed to the postponement of radical reapprasement of American creed. After the war, the democratic coalition had become so furiously disintegrated by 1952. The domestic crisis in the tortuous period of political indecision and pluralistic stagnation at a decisive turning point in America and world history, is largely a refection of the fact that the nation no longer has an effective majority and never has an stable organized opposition.Although the American Liberalism, saved by the twenty-five years' war, hot and cold, survived under the optimistic atomosphere of “The end of Ideology”, we cannot neglect the fact that “The end of Ideology” did not mean “The end of American Ideology”, particulary for the hard-boild, tough-minded realists.On the other hand, the reaction to “hard-boild” radicalism, with its exaggerated faith in the efficiency of direct political involvement during the day of “popular front”, often took form of the exaggerated skeptism about politics. However, it is no accident that “brilliant realists” of the Kennedy Administration has been so little concerned with the non-European world that the underdeveloped areas home and abroad was the blind spot of the Kennedy foreign policy as well as the negro problems.

著者

Silvano GALLUS Alessandra LUGO Xiaoqiu LIU Panagiotis BEHRAKIS Roberto BOFFI Cristina BOSETTI Giulia CARRERAS Liliane CHATENOUD Luke CLANCY Xavier CONTINENTE Ruaraidh DOBSON Tobias EFFERTZ Filippos T. FILIPPIDIS Marcela FU Gergana GESHANOVA Giuseppe GORINI Sheila KEOGAN Hristo IVANOV Maria-José LOPEZ Angel LOPEZ-NICOLAS José PRECIOSO Krzysztof PRZEWOZNIAK Cornel RADU-LOGHIN Ario RUPRECHT Sean SEMPLE Joan B SORIANO Polina STARCHENKO Marta TRAPERO-BERTRAN Olena TIGOVA Anna S TZORTZI Constantine VARDAVAS Vergina K VYZIKIDOU Paolo COLOMBO Esteve FERNANDEZ the TackSHS Project Investigators

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20190344, (Released:2020-04-04)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

51

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Background: Population data on tobacco use and its determinants require continuous monitoring and careful inter-country comparison. We aimed to provide the most up-to-date estimates on tobacco smoking from a large cross-sectional survey, conducted in selected European countries.Methods: Within the TackSHS Project, a face-to-face survey on smoking was conducted in 2017-2018 in 12 countries: Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Portugal, Romania and Spain, representing around 80% of the 432 million European Union (EU) adult population. In each country, a representative sample of around 1,000 subjects aged 15 years and older was interviewed, for a total of 11,902 participants.Results: Overall 25.9% of participants were current smokers (31.0% among men and 21.2% among women, p<0.001), while 16.5% were former smokers. Smoking prevalence ranged from 18.9% in Italy to 37.0% in Bulgaria. It decreased with increasing age (compared to <45, multivariable odds ratio, OR, for ≥65 years was 0.31; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.27-0.36), level of education (OR for low vs. high was 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17-1.48) and self-rated household economic level (OR for low vs. high was 2.05; 95% CI: 1.74-2.42). The same patterns were found in both sexes.Conclusions: These smoking prevalence estimates represent the most up-to-date evidence in Europe. From them it can be derived that there are more than 112 million current smokers in the EU-28. Lower socio-economic status is a major determinant of smoking habit in both sexes.

著者

宮城県教育会 編

出版者

セイトウ社

巻号頁・発行日

1981

著者

田中 公一朗 タナカ コウイチロウ Tanaka Koichiro

出版者

駒澤大学グローバル・メディア・スタディーズ学部

雑誌

Journal of global media studies : gms = ジャーナル・オブ・グローバル・メディア・スタディーズ

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.19-31, 2014-11

著者

頼 惟勤

出版者

お茶の水女子大学中国文学会

雑誌

お茶の水女子大学中国文学会報 (ISSN:02866889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.5, pp.1-15, 1986-04-26

著者

細井和喜蔵 著

出版者

改造社

巻号頁・発行日

1925

著者

Yumiko Imai Keiji Kuba Takayo Ohto-Nakanishi Josef M. Penninger

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.405-410, 2010 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

29 146

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a first homolog of ACE, regulates the renin-angiotensin system by counterbalancing ACE activity. Accumulating evidence in recent years has demonstrated a physiological and pathological role of ACE2 in the cardiovascular, renal and respiratory systems. For instance, in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ACE, AngII, and AT1R promote the disease pathogenesis, whereas ACE2 and the AT2R protect from ARDS. Importantly, ACE2 has been identified as a key SARS-coronavirus receptor and plays a protective role in SARS pathogenesis. Furthermore, the recent explosion of research into the ACE2 homolog, collectrin, has revealed a new physiological function of ACE2 as an amino acid transporter, which explains the pathogenic role of gene mutations in Hartnup disorder. This review summarizes and discusses the recently unveiled roles for ACE2 in disease pathogenesis. (Circ J 2010; 74: 405 - 410)

著者

立川 信子

出版者

愛媛大学法文学部

雑誌

愛媛大学法文学部論集. 人文学編 (ISSN:13419617)

巻号頁・発行日

no.48, pp.1-20, 2020-02-28