著者
内藤 郁之 大木 英司
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 (ISSN:09135685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.114, no.28, pp.15-19, 2014-05-15

ネットワークを集中的に制御するOpenFlowプロトコルは,制御のためのOpenFlowコントローラと制御を受けるOpenFlowスイッチで構成される.OpenFlowの動作は,OpenFlowコントローラからのフロー処理のルールを参照することで,OpenFlowスイッチで実行される.一方,コントローラ型と呼ばれる無線LANコントローラを利用した無線LANアクセスポイントの管理は,無線LANコントローラから,さまざまな設定を無線LANアクセスポイントに行うことで,無線LANアクセスポイントの制御を行う.しかし,無線LANコントローラには,拡張性がないため,機能の制限がある.無線LANコントローラをOpenFlowコントローラとして実装し,無線LANアクセスポイントをOpnFlowスイッチとして動作させることで,拡張性のある無線LANコントローラとして提案する.
著者
山田 昌弘
出版者
日本教育社会学会
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, pp.25-38, 1998-10-20

In Japanese the word "kodomo" has two meanings, one is child(vs.adult)another is offspring(vs.parent). As a result, a gap has formed between the sociology ofeducation which deals with children and sociology of family which deals with theparent-child relations. G.W.F.Hegel and Takaaki Yoshimoto discussed the prototype of modern child rearing as a coincidence of the period of childhood and "offspering hoods". They stressed that parent-child relations disappear when offspring become adult. Thus, these are two traits of modern parent-child relationships. One is that parents have to find meaning child rearing because parents cannot expect financial compensation for their efforts. The major motivation of child rearing for parents in modern society is "love". However, love-relation between parents and children are incomplete because only parents feel love. That is the other characteristic of modern child rearing. But, because parents's love is incomplete they could believe in the presence of love. Modern society can be divided into the public sphere and private sphere (family), and the adult sphere and child sphere. In modern prototype quadrands B & C (figure 1)did not exist. So children were restricted into the quadrands. [figure] Recently because of longevity, the B quadrand has been appearing and also because of 'schoolization', the C quadrand has been appearing. The enlargement of the BC quadrand causes crisis in the meaning of child rearing for parents. In order to feel conviction in the presence of love relationship with children, parents need the evaluation by adult offspring and public evaluator (such as school). Therefore, parents have come to question why they must rear their children.
著者
大崎 滋生
出版者
桐朋学園大学
雑誌
桐朋学園大学研究紀要 (ISSN:03855627)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, pp.1-16, 2003-10-30
著者
百瀬 孝
出版者
吉川弘文館
雑誌
日本歴史 (ISSN:03869164)
巻号頁・発行日
no.775, pp.48-50, 2012-12
著者
越智 敏之
出版者
英米文化学会
雑誌
英米文化 (ISSN:09173536)
巻号頁・発行日
no.41, pp.51-63, 2011-03-31

Not only called 'fish' by other characters such as Trinculo and Stephano, but also, by the magic of Ariel, soaked into pickle-like filthy water as if he were salted fish under the curing process, Caliban is metaphorically described as fish. Abstinence lay at the core of Christianity, and fish was a preferred food for fast days, or 'fish days' in Christendom. In the thirteenth century, on more than half the days of the year, Christians ate fish for religious reasons. Then why could fish possibly be used as a metaphor to describe this monstrous slave in the New World? The nature of fish days began to change after the Reformation in England which had adopted Protestantism. Catholic doctrines, including dietary teachings, came to be no longer strictly followed, but ironically the government had to enforce the observance of fish days for nonreligious reasons; they needed to encourage the fishing industry in order to feed people, especially the increasing urban poor, and to stimulate the building of ships as a safeguard against possible Spanish attacks. And salted fish, which came to be supplied increasingly from the New World fishing banks, became vital staples not only for the poor but for soldiers and sailors in the days of religious wars and exploding international commerce. Although, with people more and more disregarding the old rules of the Church, salted fish, the metaphor for Caliban, was not a favored food, it supported the social and economic system of England and helped its expansion into the New World.
著者
竹中 暉雄
出版者
桃山学院大学
雑誌
桃山学院大学人間科学 (ISSN:09170227)
巻号頁・発行日
no.40, pp.322-269, 2011-03-30

This paper, motivated by the question of why the members of the drafting committee of Gakusei left almost no records of their work, focuses chiefly on the following four points. 1. Two poems by Hajime Uryu, a member of the drafting committee of Gakusei (one written at the time of his appointment, the other at the time of his resignation), are almost the only documents surviving that were written by members of the committee concerning their task. The poems reveal Uryu's strong dissatisfaction that the committee carried out its work with almost no sense of responsibility or team spirit, and that the original idea of "education for the national benefit" had been transformed into the idea of "education for individual benefit". If Uryu's complaint was valid, we can understand the reason why the members of the drafting committee did not talk about their work on Gakusei. 2. As the result of the situation Uryu described, Gakusei had many irregularities, not only in its main provisions but also in its Preamble, which includes the famous phrase "there may not be a village with an ignorant family, nor a family with an ignorant child". The text of the Preamble had many grammatical problems and included many historically untrue or exaggerated expressions. These problems have almost never been referred to in research on the Gakusei. 3. The problems in the Preamble to Gakusei become even clearer when we examine English versions of the text. Even the then Ministry of Education was evidently perplexed to prepare an English translation of the Preamble. 4. The new Meiji government emphasised the idea that education should be for the individual benefit in order to emphasise its position that people should not depend on the state for their educational costs. As a result, there were a number of important principles that the Preamble was unable to express. Firstly, the idea of "education for the public benefit" could not be expressed. The school charges referred to in the provisions of Gakusei began from the principle of a school district charge. Secondly, "the necessity of a uniform national educational system" could not be expressed. This system was designed in the provisions of Gakusei. Thirdly, the principle of educating people to be able to actively support the new state through their understanding of its decrees could not be expressed. The educational mission of the new Meiji state was to construct a nation governed by law.
著者
柴田 康太郎
出版者
美学会
雑誌
美学 = Aesthetics (ISSN:05200962)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.1, pp.173-184, 2015

In Japanese film history, the late 1930s was known as a period when interest in filmic "realism" rose. This study examines how this interest in filmic realism influenced musical accompaniment in narrative films in the late 1930s. It mainly focuses on two complementary aspects of filmic realism: one based on naturalist/ socialist realism in literature and the other based on a new conception of filmic representation that emphasized audiovisual realism. This study investigates the contrasting influences of these two aspects. One influence was the decrease in the use of non-diegetic music, a practice reported in contemporary texts that can be confirmed by existing realist films. The first half of the paper analyzes contemporary discourse on filmic realism and anti-musical accompaniment arguments and reveals that musical accompaniment was considered unsuitable for both the above-mentioned aspects of realism. This influence, however, was not restricted to the decrease in use of non-diegetic music. In fact musical accompaniment was not completely abandoned, and some contemporary Japanese film composers sought an effective way of using it in realist films. The latter half of this paper shows the efforts of Fukai Shiro, one such leading Japanese composer, in this regard.
著者
木村 直弘
出版者
岩手大学教育学部附属教育実践総合センター
雑誌
岩手大学教育学部附属教育実践総合センター研究紀要 (ISSN:13472216)
巻号頁・発行日
no.10, pp.55-84, 2011

ロシアの文豪レフ・トルストイ(1828~1910年)はその芸術論『芸術とは何か? What is Art?(Chtotakoye iskusstvo?)』(1897/98年)の冒頭・第1章に,彼が或る「もっともありふれた」新作オペラの下稽古に立ち会った時の光景の描写を置いている。そのストーリーは,あるインドの王のもとに結婚相手が連れてこられると,王は歌手に変装しており,花嫁はその歌手に恋してしまうが,最終的にその歌手が王だとわかってハッピーエンドに終わるという「まず空想としか思えないような,およそばかげきったしろもの」である。インド人が花嫁を連れて来る行列の場面の下稽古中,行列が進み出すとホルンと朗唱が合わなくなる。とたんに「指揮者は,まるで災難でも降って湧いたように身震いとともに指揮棒で譜面台を叩く。なにもかもがやめになり,楽長はオーケストラのほうに向きなおると,フレンチ・ホルンに食ってかかり,なぜ調子をまちがえたのかと,まるで馬車屋の捨てぜりふそっくりの,じつに口ぎたない言葉で罵倒する。そしてまた,何もかもが最初からやりなおしである」。こうした楽長の強権的言動の描写はさらに続く。「こんどは何もかもうまく行っているように見えた。ところが,またして指揮棒が鳴り,楽長は,弱りきった,にくにくしげな声で,男女の合コ ーラス唱隊を叱りつけにかかる」。そしてまた「なんだい,いったい,死んでいるのか,君たちは? 牝牛め! 木偶の坊みたいにぼんやりつっ立ってるのは,息の根がとまっているのか?」,あるいは,お喋りしていたコーラスガールたちに向かって「おい,君たちはここへお喋りに来たのか? ぺちゃぺちゃやりたきゃ自宅でやれ。その赤ズボンはもっとこっちへ寄って俺を見るんだ。やりなおしっ」等々。ここで,トルストイが敢えてオペラという最もコストのかかる蕩尽的音楽ジャンルを選んだ理由は,それが歌手,オーケストラ,合唱といった音楽家だけでなく,衣裳,舞台美術,大道具・小道具等々を含めて多くの「労働者」から成り立っているからである。搾取する側の象徴である楽長は「自分の芸術という大きな事業に没頭してほかの芸人どもの感情なんかをかえりみてなどはいられない大芸術家の音楽上の伝統だということを知っているので,平気でそういう横暴をやってのける」のだが,実はこうした横暴な楽長も「労働者」同様疲弊している。当時必要額のわずか1%しか国民教育に支出されていなかったロシアで,大都市の「芸術」関連の学校,施設に巨額の補助金が出され,何十万という労働者が「芸術の要求を満たすために,過酷な労働のうちにその生涯を過ごしてしまう」状況,あるいは,たとえば学校や劇場で音楽家が「鍵盤や絃を,非常にはやく掻き鳴らすことを覚え」るよう学習させられることによって,鈍感で一面的な「ただ足や,舌や,指をねじりまわすことしかできない専門家」で満足するようになってしまう状況等,こうした芸術至上主義的趨勢にあってもはや不分明になってしまった問い,すなわち「芸術とはそのためにこれほどの犠牲をしてもいいほど重要なことなのか?」という問題視こそが,トルストイの芸術論の出発点にある。
著者
梶田 隆章
出版者
一般社団法人 日本物理学会
雑誌
日本物理学会誌 (ISSN:00290181)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.5, pp.326-331, 2003

Cosmic ray particles entering the atmosphere interact with the air nuclei and produce neutrinos. These neutrinos are called atmospheric neutrinos. The atmospheric neutrino anomaly observed in Kamiokande is now understood as due to neutrino oscillations by high statistics measurements of the atmospheric neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande. The studies of the atmospheric neutrinos have matured into detailed studies of neutrino masses and mixings.
著者
高 史明 Taka Fumiaki
出版者
神奈川大学人文学研究所
雑誌
人文学研究所報 (ISSN:02877082)
巻号頁・発行日
no.53, pp.73-86, 2015-03

本研究は,Twitter における中国人についての日本語のツイートを収集し,高(2014,人文研究)が分析したコリアンについてのツイートと比較しつつ計量的な分析を行った。中国人についてのツイートの多くはネガティブなものであり,ポジティブなツイートはコリアンについての言説の場合よりも少なかった。中国人についてのツイートも,少数のユーザーが多くの投稿をしており,コリアンについてのツイートほどではないが,一般的なツイートに比べて"拡散"されやすかった。また計量テキスト分析により,特定の保守的なニュースサイトや活動家,"2 ちゃんねる"や"2 ちゃんねるまとめブログ"が強い影響力を持つことが示された。これらに加えて,レイシズム,歴史問題や外交問題,政治や経済への言及,マスメディアへの不信,"真実"が隠されているという信念,情報を"拡散"もしくは共有しようという意図,などに注目して計量テキスト分析を行なった。This study gathered Japanese tweets(statements posted on Twitter) regarding Chinese people and conducted quantitative analysis to compare them with tweets regarding Koreans, which was analyzed by Taka (2014, Studies in Humanities). The majority of the tweets regarding Chinese people were negative, and there were fewer positive tweets among those regarding Chinese people than those regarding Koreans. There was a tendency for a few users to post large numbers of tweets. In addition, tweets regarding Chinese were diffused more frequently than general tweets, and less than those regarding Koreans. Furthermore, quantitative text analysis revealed a strong influence of a conservative news site, a famous far right activist and an anonymous BBS site "2 channel" and its curator sites("2 channel-matome-blogs"). In addition, quantitative text analyses focusing on racism, historical or diplomatic issues, references to politics or economics, distrust of mass media, beliefs in the actual "truth" being hidden, and intention to diffuse or withhold informationwere conducted.