著者

亀田 孜

出版者

毎日新聞社

雑誌

仏教芸術 (ISSN:00042889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.72, pp.102-121, 1969-10

著者

須藤 弘敏

出版者

毎日新聞社

雑誌

仏教芸術 (ISSN:00042889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.136, pp.p85-117,図p7〜10, 1981-05

著者

江上 綏

雑誌

美術研究 = The bijutsu kenkiu : the journal of art studies

巻号頁・発行日

no.327, pp.1-21, 1984-03-15

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The Enryakuji, Shiga, owns two old sets of indigo-paper Lotus Sutra with cover paintings and frontispieces, which seem to have been handed down by the temple from the Heian Period. One is a set with gold and silver text which the auther presumes to be from about the second quarter of the eleventh century of the late Heian Period (See No. 309 of Bijutsu Kenkyū), and the other is a set with silver text. The latter is the main subject of the present paper. Vols. 2, 3, 5, and 7 of this version retain their original covers with cover paintings and frontispieces in gold and silver on the outside and inside (Pls. I to IV-a). The covers of Vols. 1, 6 and 8 (PI. IV-b, figs. 31 to 35) are later replacements made with blank parts from the text portions of certain scrolls of the set when the set was repaired. Each of them also has a cover painting and a frontispiece both in silver, the frontispiece being drawn over the ruled lines for text. As for the original portions of the set, there are several unique points compared with many of the remaining examples of this kind of illuminated sutra sets. The width (height) of the scrolls is extraordinarily large measuring over 28 cm (See Charts 1 and 3); The cover paintings are rare, stiff style of Tiang type imaginary floral scrolls; The frontispieces are unique in style with extremely stylized depiction of figures ; The text calligraphy is different from ordinary calligraphy styles of Chinese and Japanese sutra manuscripts from the eighth to the eleventh centuries, the time period in which the production date of the set would be put. The dates and provenances proposed by scholars for the work vary. Korea and Japan are referred to as its provenance and the presumed dates range at least from the ninth century to the tenth century. The original frontispieces of this version, those of the Lotus Sutra version without the Opening and Closing Sutras (so-called eight-scroll version) owned by the Honkōji (Pls. V and VI), and that on the isolated Lotus Sutra Vol. 6 cover in the Hofer Collection kept at the Fogg Art Museum (fig. 23) are known to be close in terms of the choice of the subjects and general compositions. The former two versions are particularly close. The cover paintings of these two versions, as well, are the same kind of Tang type imaginary floral scrolls,while that of the Hofer fragment is of a different kind although it also is a T'ang type imaginary floral scroll design. It is not only the case with the Enryakuji silver-text version but also with the other two versions mentioned just above that the scholars' dating and provenance judgement vary. The present author, by comparing the styles of their cover paintings, frontispieces and text calligraphy to one another and to the styles of various works in different fields of visual art, demonstrates the idea that the Honkōji eight-scroll version is Chinese or Korean or Japanese work of the eighth century, that the Hofer version is a Chinese or Korean (perhaps Chinese) work of the end of the eighth century or the ninth century and that the Enryakuji silver-text version is a ninth century Korean. Ornamentations of other sutra works such as the late eighth or early ninth century Bommōkyō in the Tokyo National Museum, the late ninth or early tenth century Hannyashingyō in the Jinkōin and the Kongōshōji's Lotus Sutra set, perhaps datable to the late tenth century, were used for the comparison, together with Shōsōin handicrafts, Chinese stele decorations, Chinese, Korean and Japanese calligraphic materials, Tun-huang murals and others. The generel tendencies found in the measurement of the width of the Chinese, Korean and Japanese indigo-paper and purple-paper sutra scrolls from the eighth to the mid-eleventh centuries were taken into consideration for presuming their provenances, particularly that of the Enryakuji version, in this paper. It is a widely accepted theory that the Honkōji eight-volume version is later than the Enryakuji silver-text version. The theory about the order between the two in the present paper is the opposite. As for the covers of Vols. 1, 6 and 8 in the set in question, most scholars consider that they were made in the late eleventh or twelfth century. The present author theorizes that their cover paintings and frontispieces clearly manifest a style in between those of the Kongōshōji indigo-paper Lotus Sutra set which he thinks to date from the end of the tenth century or thereabouts and the Enryakuji gold-and-silver-text version of Lotus Sutra which he ascribes to the second quarter of the eleventh century, thus implying that the version in question was equipped with these supplementary covers as a part of repairs perhaps in the first quarter of the eleventh century, a century odd after the original production of the set. The present paper is thus an attempt to contribute to the establishment of the chronology and conceptions on provenances of the ornamental and ecclesiastical painting on this sort of early sutra manuscripts. The author is of opinion that the stylistic and iconographic development of such illuminations should be studied on the basis of this kind of fundamental efforts.

著者

泉 武夫

出版者

毎日新聞社

雑誌

仏教芸術 (ISSN:00042889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.129, pp.p79-102, 1980-03

著者

Aiko Kohara ChangWan Han HaeJin Kwon Masahiro Kohzuki

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.237, no.3, pp.241-248, 2015 (Released:2015-11-07)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

8 3

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The improvement of the quality of life (QOL) of children with disabilities has been considered important. Therefore, the Special Needs Education Assessment Tool (SNEAT) was developed based on the concept of QOL to objectively evaluate the educational outcome of children with disabilities. SNEAT consists of 11 items in three domains: physical functioning, mental health, and social functioning. This study aimed to verify the reliability and construct validity of SNEAT using 93 children collected from the classes on independent activities of daily living for children with disabilities in Okinawa Prefecture between October and November 2014. Survey data were collected in a longitudinal prospective cohort study. The reliability of SNEAT was verified via the internal consistency method and the test-pretest method; both the coefficient of Cronbach’s α and the intra-class correlation coefficient were over 0.7. The validity of SNEAT was also verified via one-way repeated-measures ANOVA and the latent growth curve model. The scores of all the items and domains and the total scores obtained from one-way repeated-measures ANOVA were the same as the predicted scores. SNEAT is valid based on its goodness-of-fit values obtained using the latent growth curve model, where the values of comparative fit index (0.983) and root mean square error of approximation (0.062) were within the goodness-of-fit range. These results indicate that SNEAT has high reliability and construct validity and may contribute to improve QOL of children with disabilities in the classes on independent activities of daily living for children with disabilities.

著者

村松 加奈子

出版者

美術史學會

雑誌

美術史 (ISSN:0021907X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.1-16, 2010-10

著者

小田切,光典

出版者

日本微生物生態学会

雑誌

日本微生物生態学会講演要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

no.20, 2004-11-21

著者

若林 崇雄 宮田 靖志 山上 実紀 山本 和利

出版者

一般社団法人 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会

雑誌

日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌 = An official journal of the Japan Primary Care Association (ISSN:21852928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.4, pp.360-367, 2010-12-15

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 1

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【目的】<br> 内科医撤退を経験した基幹病院を利用する患者・住民が, 医師・医療についてどのような想いを抱いているのかを明らかにする. <br>【方法】<br> 一時内科医が撤退し, 現在は診療を再開しているA市の基幹病院を利用する患者・住民を対象とした. <br>1. 質問紙作成<br>2回のフォーカス・グループ・インタビューをもとにテーマとサブテーマを抽出する質的な手法により質問項目を作成した. <br>2. 質問紙調査<br> A市基幹病院を利用する患者を対象とした. <br>【結果】<br> 有効回答は399名. 内科医師撤退の原因として, 81%の患者が大学, 79%が国の制度, また72%が病院と回答した. 内科医師が撤退したことは医師の身勝手かどうかについては50%ずつに意見が分かれた. また74%の患者は内科医師撤退が患者に不信感を与えたと回答した. 88%の患者は医師が患者に尽くしていると回答し, 88%が勤務条件で病院を移ることは仕方ないと回答したが, 96%の患者は医師に患者のために尽くすことを求めていた. 85%の患者は医師を信頼できると考えていた. <br>【結論】<br> 医師撤退を経験した患者は撤退により現実的に困っており, これは患者の利便性が損なわれるため当然と考えた. また撤退の原因として医療に関する組織に対し不信感を持っていることが示唆された一方で, 医師個人に対しての感情は複雑であった. 多数の患者は医師を聖職と考え, 医師撤退を経て尚, 医師の人間性やコミュニケーションへ期待し信頼していると考えられたが, 医師をサービス業と捉える患者も見られ, 信頼の構造に変化がある可能性も示唆された.

著者

田端 実

出版者

公益財団法人 日本心臓財団

雑誌

心臓 (ISSN:05864488)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.24-28, 2019-01-15 (Released:2020-02-15)

参考文献数

15

著者

宮口 和義 出村 慎一

出版者

日本発育発達学会

雑誌

発育発達研究 (ISSN:13408682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2013, no.61, pp.1-8, 2013

被引用文献数

2

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This study aimed to clarify the effects of wearing Japanese-style sandals, which was conducted as a part of barefoot education on sole shape and position of the center of foot pressure (CFP) in preschool children. The subjects were 81 healthy children ages 4 to 5 (sandal group:28;control group:53) . Both groups were conducting indoor barefoot education. The sandal group wore sandals when commuting to school, going for a walk and playing outdoors for four months. The control group wore casual shoes in that time. The ground contact area of the soles and CFP were measured before and after four months (run-in period) in both groups. In the sandal group, the ground contact area of the foot became smaller with the formation of arch of foot. Specifically, a marked effect was found in the five-year-old children. As for CFP, there were significant changes in both groups. However, a change in the CFP towards the front of foot in the sandal group was large and the position of CFP varied from negative to positive along the Y-coordinate in the five-year-old children. From this, it is inferred that the effects of using Japanese-style sandals on changes in childrenʼs feet are large, even in preschools that use barefoot education.

著者

西澤 昭

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.1-9, 2012

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Some pre- and primary schools are running barefoot programs where children spend days with barefoot. This study reviewed research on barefoot education and made some recommendations in education. One of the goals of barefoot is to develop the arch height which is difficult to measure directly. Instead, the footprint image is mainly used to estimate arch height. There are some limitations to the footprint image method, since the method estimates the vertical arch height from the horizontal footprint. However a large number of studies showed that the developed medial longitudinal arch judged by the H-line is likely to have normal arch height. In case of less developed longitudinal arch, both greater BMI due to less physical activities and developed sole muscles seen in some athletes might be valid explanations. Barefoot programs were shown to develop the medial longitudinal arch probably due to more activities of foot fingers than to the case of being tightly bound in shoes. Children with flat feet are recommended to go barefoot unless she or he is diagnosed and recommended to receive medical treatment. Increased balance ability, less occurrences of catching a cold, decreased injury cases, among others are also reported as beneficial aspects of going barefoot.

著者

石野 光則 竹村 昭宣 加藤 重彦 安日 智 北原 辰郎 新関 武史 山内 聡 池野 栄一郎 久保田 功

出版者

公益財団法人 日本心臓財団

雑誌

心臓 (ISSN:05864488)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.12, pp.1601-1606, 2014 (Released:2015-12-15)

参考文献数

7

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症例は44歳女性. 2013年7月下旬より感冒症状あり近医にて処方を受けたが, その後に労作時の呼吸苦と動悸症状が出現し当院を受診した. 心電図で頻脈性心房細動とST上昇を認め, 心エコー図で全周性の壁肥厚と心嚢液の貯留を認めた. 採血では甲状腺機能亢進症が認められ, 急性心筋心膜炎にバセドウ病を背景とした頻脈性心房細動が合併した心不全と判断し治療を開始した. 経過中に好酸球の上昇を認め, 薬剤性を疑い薬剤を中止したが, 1週間後に呼吸苦が増悪した. 好酸球増多症と心エコー図で心肥大と心嚢液貯留の改善を認めなかったため心筋生検を施行した. 病理像では好酸球の浸潤を認め好酸球性心筋炎と診断し, ステロイド投与を開始したところ心不全症状は速やかに改善し, 胸部単純X線写真・心エコー図・採血でも改善を得られた. 薬剤による反応が原因と考えられた急性好酸球性心筋炎に対して, 心不全治療に抵抗を示したが, ステロイド療法により著明な改善を得られた症例を経験したので報告する.

著者

三元社 [編]

出版者

三元社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第1年, no.7, 1928-07

著者

板垣鷹穂 著

出版者

青葉書房

巻号頁・発行日

1943

著者

板垣鷹穂 著

出版者

新潮社

巻号頁・発行日

1943

著者

板垣鷹穂 著

出版者

春秋社

巻号頁・発行日

1930

著者

板垣鷹穂 著

出版者

大畑書店

巻号頁・発行日

1933

著者

板垣鷹穂 著

出版者

今日の問題社

巻号頁・発行日

1943

著者

板垣鷹穂 著

出版者

大鐙閣

巻号頁・発行日

1926

著者

板垣鷹穂 著

出版者

育生社弘道閣

巻号頁・発行日

1942