著者

木宮 正史

出版者

日本国際問題研究所

雑誌

国際問題 (ISSN:04523377)

巻号頁・発行日

no.526, pp.32-46, 2004-01

著者

倉田 秀也

出版者

日本国際問題研究所

雑誌

国際問題 (ISSN:04523377)

巻号頁・発行日

no.518, pp.14-31, 2003-05

著者

坂本 義和

出版者

岩波書店

雑誌

世界 (ISSN:05824532)

巻号頁・発行日

no.800, pp.169-180, 2010-01

著者

坂本 義和

出版者

岩波書店

雑誌

世界 (ISSN:05824532)

巻号頁・発行日

no.612, pp.p4-13, 1995-08

著者

坂本 義和

出版者

岩波書店

雑誌

世界 (ISSN:05824532)

巻号頁・発行日

no.242, pp.18-36, 1966-01

著者

石井 修

出版者

日本国際政治学会

雑誌

季刊国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

no.70, pp.p100-119, 1982-05

著者

中逵 啓示

出版者

岩波書店

雑誌

思想 (ISSN:03862755)

巻号頁・発行日

no.791, pp.p42-71, 1990-05

著者

平河 九郎

出版者

潮出版社

雑誌

潮

巻号頁・発行日

no.65, pp.254-259, 1965-11

出版者

岩波書店

雑誌

世界 (ISSN:05824532)

巻号頁・発行日

no.243, pp.122-126, 1966-02

著者

山本 剛士

出版者

岩波書店

雑誌

世界 (ISSN:05824532)

巻号頁・発行日

no.437, pp.p57-64, 1982-04

著者

木村 昌人

出版者

財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1989, no.92, pp.116-131,L13, 1989-10-21 (Released:2010-09-01)

参考文献数

38

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The purpose of this paper is to describe clearly the Nippon Zaikai (Business Circles) 's role in the normalization of Japan-South Korean diplomatic relations during 1960-1965. In particular, I focused on the Kansai Zaikai which showed their zeal for this long-pending question. There have been few studies about this topic, but I believe this analysis will illustrate the Japanese non-governmental economic diplomacy towards South Korea after the World War II.The Kansai Zaikai's strong interest in Korea was generated by the Kansai area's geographical proximity to Korea and the traditional trade ties linking the two. This led the Kansai Zaikai to play a major role in the rebirth of economic ties between Japan and South Korea. The large number of Koreans living in the Kansai area led to the formation of the Zainichi Kankoku Shokokai (Korean Chamber of Commerce in Japan). This group took a vested interest in restimulating both cultural and economic exchange between Japan and South Korea. The normalization of Japan-South Korean diplomatic relations was viewed by the Kansai Zaikai as means of revitalizing the Kansai economy in the aftermath of World War II.When the Ikeda Cabinet appeared in 1960, Kansai Zaikai formed the Japan-Korea Economic Association with the Keizai Dantai Rengokai and Japanese Chamber of Commerce. The Korean Chamber of Commerce in Osaka also took part in this association and played an important role in linking the Japanese and South Korean economic circles.Subsequently, Michisuke Sugi, ex-president of the Osaka Chamber of Commerce and one of the leaders of the Kansai Zaikai, was appointed as one of the chief-representatives in the Japan-South Korean talks held during 1961-64.In conclusion, an evaluation of the Zaikai's Activities during 1960-1965 as follows:(1) One of the most notable changes brought about by the Zaikai's efforts to normalize relations was the improvement in the Zaikai's image of South Korea.(2) As a result of the Zaikai's efforts, the establishment of a direct channel between the Pak Cabinet and Japan was established.(3) While the Kansai Zaikai took an interest in the reestablishment of economic and political ties because of its historically close ties with Korea, their interest in restoring economic activity to the Kansai area, and their pronounced rivalry of Tokyo sparked them into taking a leading role in the normalization efforts.

著者

北沢 洋子

出版者

朝日新聞社

雑誌

朝日ジャ-ナル (ISSN:05712378)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.9, pp.p16-21, 1977-03-04

著者

黒崎 輝

出版者

東北大学

雑誌

法学 (ISSN:03855082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.94-130, 2000-04

著者

庄司 潤一郎

出版者

防衛研究所

雑誌

防衛研究所紀要 (ISSN:13441116)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.39-52, 2006-03

著者

石川 誠人

出版者

財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2007, no.148, pp.118-132,L15, 2007-03-08 (Released:2010-09-01)

参考文献数

83

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The purpose of this article is twofold. Firstly, it examines Nationalist's attempts to implement the 1962 “Returning to the Mainland” plan. Secondly, it considers the Kennedy administration's response to this plan.After having retreated to Taiwan, Nationalist China placed the highest priority of the national policy on “Returning to the Mainland”. But the United States, the major benefactor of the Nationalists, tried to avoid an armed clash developed between Taipei and Beijing, and consistently restrained the Nationalists from invading mainland China. Following the conclusion of the Mutual Defense Treaty in 1954, the U. S. and the Nationalist China exchanged notes in which Taipei, under Washington's pressure, agreed to withhold military action without holding prior consultation. Furthermore, at the time of the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1958, Washington urged Chiang Kai-shek to abandon his “Returning to the Mainland” ambition. As a result, in an October 1958 joint communiqué' Chiang promised that the “principal means” of regaining the mainland would “not (be) the use of force”. Yet, the Nationalists still continued to pursue the policy of reconquering the mainland.The Nationalists envisioned themselves accomplishing its mission through provoking a “revolution” in the mainland before initiating the invasion. In 1961, Chiang, judging that the post-“Great Leap Forward”-chaos in China, along with the Sino-Soviet dispute, had generated widespread anti-communist sentiments, ordered the military to prepare for an offensive campaign. In the following year, he requested Kennedy's blessing for this plan.While the Kennedy administration had no intention of consenting to Chiang's demands, it could not afford to let their already strained relations deteriorate further. Therefore, rather than offering a clear reply, the administration partially satisfied Taipei's desire by allowing the Taipei government to carry out small scale “probing operations”. At the same time, Washington monitored Taipei's preparation for an invasion through taking an active part in the operation planning; it also pressed Taipei to reduce its military budget. Taipei yielded to the U. S. position because the two nations had agreed in 1960 to set a ceiling on the Nationalists' military spending. These measures kept the Nationalists from starting an offensive operation without impairing the relationship with the U. S.. Only after their enthusiasm for “Returning to the Mainland” faded, did the Kennedy administration inform Taipei of its opposition to conducting an invasion under the current circumstances.Still the Kennedy administration's attitude toward the Nationalist's aspirations for “Returning to the Mainland” remained ambiguous. Kennedy never announced that such an operation would not be accepted in the future. It was not until Lyndon B. Johnson took office that a clear statement denying U. S. support for regaining the mainland was finally issued.

著者

飯田 拓也 梶山 朋子 大内 紀知 越前 功

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会論文誌. D, 情報・システム (ISSN:18804535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.97, no.1, pp.75-84, 2014-01-01

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書籍の表紙は直観的に本のイメージを与えるだけでなく,書籍購入前の検索や購入後の書棚散策では大きな指標となっている.一般的に,出版書籍の表紙は,作者や出版社の意思を反映しデザインされるため,読者の印象が反映されにくい.また,近年普及が進んでいる電子書籍コンテンツの中には,表紙が提供されなかったり,同一デザインの表紙が用いられるものが存在し,表紙画像をベースとした書籍検索や書棚散策が考慮されていないという問題があった.そこで,本論文では,書籍表紙画像の自動生成を目的として,読者の印象を反映させた表紙画像色の抽出手法を提案する.具体的には,人間の内面的な性質や状態を表す形容詞と色の関係性に着目したデータベースを構築し,書籍本文と感想文から表紙色を抽出する手法を提案する.被験者20人による表紙画像の描画による実験と,被験者15名による書籍表紙色の選択による実験を行った結果,本手法は文章量に依存せず色抽出を行えること,読書後に読者の感情が揺れ動く小説において特に有効であること,実際に出版されている書籍の表紙よりも読者の印象を反映できることを確認した.

著者

村山 恭朗

出版者

Japan Society of Personality Psychology

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.61-72, 2013

被引用文献数

1

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不適応な感情制御方略である抑制と反すうは抑うつへの脆弱性を高める要因である。先行研究において,思考抑制と反すうとの縦断的関係が議論されており,どちらのモデルも報告されている。そこで本研究は,抑うつへの脆弱性が高い女子大学生(55名,18.98歳)を対象として,ストレッサーとの相互作用を通じて,日常的な思考抑制傾向が反すうの強さに影響を及ぼすプロセスを検討するために縦断的調査を行った。その結果,思考抑制傾向が強い女子大学生では,ストレッサーを経験するほど反すうが強まったが,思考抑制傾向が低い女子学生ではストレッサーを経験しても反すうの強さは変化しなかった。本研究結果から,思考抑制傾向は反すうを強める要因である可能性が示唆される。

著者

森川 和則

出版者

日本基礎心理学会

雑誌

基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.109-111, 2014-09

著者

岡田 隆

出版者

The Japanese Psychonomic Society

雑誌

基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.104-108, 2014

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The recording of field potentials in hippocampal slice preparations is widely used for the purpose of elucidating the biological basis of memory function, Since the hippocampus has a unique structure of cellular and fiber layers, not only action potentials but also postsynaptic potentials can be clearly recorded as field potentials using a glass electrode with a relatively large tip. That the mechanism of polarity of field potentials recorded from synaptic layers differs from that recorded from cell layers is explained by the concepts of current sink and source.

著者

岩田 惠理

出版者

日本基礎心理学会

雑誌

基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.92-95, 2014

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Fish is the vertebrate that first appeared on the earth. While it has been found that many fish species are highly social, their brain has less complex organization than mammals. Thus, studying social behavior in fish has a great advantage in understanding of emotion, which is common to all the vertebrates. Among all, Anemonefishes live symbiotically with sea anemones and form a social unit that consists of a breeding pair and several sexually immature individuals. The hierarchy of the social rank is strictly maintained in a group. Agonistic behaviors are observed frequently among the members of a group, which are essential for maintenance of the social structure, as well as for their sex determination. The differences in agonistic behavior according to social status were also detected directed at conspecific intruders. The aggressive behaviors were specifically directed at intruders of the same sexual status, not at those of the opposite sex. These results suggest that sexually mature resident anemonefish perceive intruders of the same sexual status as competitors for reproductive status.