著者
Abe Toshikazu Ishimatsu Shinichi Tokuda Yasuharu
出版者
Public Library of Science
雑誌
PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.3, pp.e59738, 2013-03
被引用文献数
3

IntroductionFew studies are available on the clinical characteristics of patients using emergency medical transports in Japan. In this study, we aimed to investigate reasons for emergency medical transports and their relation to clinical severity.MethodsWe conducted a 3-year population-based observational study of patients transported by ambulance to emergency departments (ED) in the capital of Japan, Tokyo, which has a population of about 13 million. Demographic data, reasons for transport, and the severity of initial assessment at ED were recorded. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds of the clinical severity of each reason for transport.ResultsThe number of emergency medical transports in the three-year study period was 1,832,637. Mean age was 53±26. Males were 976,142 (53%). Overall, 92% of all transported patients were in a mild or moderate medical state and patients with the 17 most frequent reasons for transport occupied 82% (1,506,017) of all transports. Pain was the most frequent reason for transport, followed by traffic accident. Considering all the patients and their reasons for transport, patients whose reason was pain or a traffic accident (29% of all patients) were in a relatively mild state compared with patients with other reasons for transport. Patients in an altered mental state in the prehospital setting (6.8% of all patients) were in a more severe medical state than other patients.ConclusionsIn Tokyo, Japan, 92% of transported patients were in a mild or moderate medical state. In particular, most patients from traffic accidents were in a mild state, even though traffic accidents were the second most frequent reason for transport. Patients in an altered mental state were most likely to be in a severe medical state.
著者
Song Chun-Feng Kitamura Yutaka Li Shu-Hong Jiang Wei-Zhong
出版者
Elsevier
雑誌
International journal of greenhouse gas control (ISSN:17505836)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, pp.26-33, 2013-03
被引用文献数
34 5

With the development of CO2 capture technologies, the cryogenic approach provides a promising alternative for greenhouse effect mitigation. In previous work, a novel CO2 capture process was developed based on Stirling coolers (SC). However, the properties of frosted CO2 that deposits onto the heat exchanger of SC are not completely understood but it plays an important role as a heat transfer medium and affects subsequent CO2 deposition. In order to improve the system performance and capture efficiency, a thorough analysis of the CO2 frost process becomes especially significant. Based on this aim, numerical and experimental analysis of CO2 frost formation in the cryogenic capture process has been investigated in the present work. The results show that the frosted CO2 layer significantly influences the heat transfer between the gas stream and cooling fins. Over time (from 0 to 60 min), the thickness of the frost layer increased from 0 to 3.0 mm. The thermal conductivity increased from 0 to 0.4 W/(m K). When the flow rate was set at 1 L/min, the temperature of the cold head of the SC varied from −105.2 °C to −102.1 °C. When the flow rate was 3 L/min, the temperature rose from −106.3 °C to −98.0 °C.
著者
Takada Hideyuki Sumita Ushio Takahashi Kazuki
出版者
Routledge
雑誌
Quantitative finance
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.12, pp.1761-1771, 2011-04

For the valuation of a CDO (collateralized debt obligation), a standard approach in practice is to employ the Gaussian copula model of (Li, 7) [J. Fixed Income, 2000, 9, 43–54]. However, this model is limited in that its framework is completely static, failing to capture the dynamic evolution of the CDO. In general, portfolio credit derivatives are subject to two kinds of risk, a default event risk, when any underlying firm involved in the CDO fails to fulfill its obligations, and credit spread risk, due to the change of the default intensity over time. In dealing with either type of risk, it is absolutely necessary to develop a dynamic model incorporating the stochastic behavior of the macro-economic conditions and their influence on the default intensity. In this paper, a dynamic stochastic model is developed where the macro-economic conditions are assumed to follow a birth–death process, which would affect loss distributions characterized by a Markov-modulated Poisson process (MMPP). By exploiting the stochastic structure of the MMPP, efficient computational procedures are established for evaluating time-dependent loss distributions and prices of the CDO. Numerical results are presented, demonstrating the potential usefulness of the model by estimating the underlying parameters based on real market data.

1 0 0 0 OA 彙報(2012年度)

出版者
筑波大学大学院人間総合科学研究科教育学専攻
雑誌
教育学論集
巻号頁・発行日
no.9, pp.215-216, 2013-02-25
著者
植田 理子
出版者
筑波大学国語国文学会
雑誌
日本語と日本文学 (ISSN:02856352)
巻号頁・発行日
no.55, pp.1-20, 2013-02-25
著者
姜 惠彬
出版者
筑波大学国語国文学会
雑誌
日本語と日本文学 (ISSN:02856352)
巻号頁・発行日
no.55, pp.21-34, 2013-02-25
著者
大神 智洋 杉原 厚吉
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会研究報告グラフィクスとCAD(CG) (ISSN:09196072)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2007, no.13, pp.7-12, 2007-02-19
参考文献数
4

2次元の画像が複数枚与えられたときに、それらを投影面にもつ1個の立体が存在するか否かの判定法と、存在する場合にその立体形状を創作するアルゴリズムを提案する。このアルゴリズムでは、たとえば、まわりを一巡したとき、望の形が次々と現れる立体アートを設計するためなどに応用できる。また、複数の画像から3次元の情報を抽出するという問題は、コンピュータビジョンの分野における基本的な問題の一つでもある。本研究は、その特殊な場合とみなすことができる。このアルゴリズムでは、目標立体の各水平面での切断形状を設計する問題に帰着させ、それぞれの切断面での許容形状の組合わせの中から、最終的な立体形状を探索する。When three arbitrary silhouettes or 2D shapes are given, a 3D object which has these silhouettes doesn't necessarily exist. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for deciding whether there is a 3D object which has the given silhouettes, and a method for designing it, when it is exists. The problem of reconstruction of 3D shapes from silhouettes has been researched widely in computer vision; our problem is a special case of it in that the existance of the associated 3D object is not guaranteed. First, we solve the problem for designing 2D shapes from 1D silhouettes at each height. Next, combining all pieces compatibly, we obtain an algorithm for searching for the aimed 3D object.
著者
黄 才榮 今井 幸充
出版者
日本介護福祉学会
雑誌
介護福祉学 (ISSN:13408178)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, no.1, pp.39-50, 2009-04-01

本研究では,これまで日本の介護福祉研究ではあまり取り上げられなかった在日コリアン高齢者が在宅介護に求めるニーズの構造やその影響因子を明らかにすることを目的とした.調査対象は,関東地域にある在日コリアン高齢者のための3か所のデイサービス利用者および2か所の老人クラブ会員で,65歳以上の男女100人について,2008年4月6日から6月5日まで,訪問面接によるアンケート調査を実施した.調査結果の分析は,まずKJ法によって質的な検討を加えたのち,そこから得られた問題領域ごとに因子分析(抽出法は最尤法・回転法はプロマックス法)を行った.その結果,「文化配慮介護ニーズ」「自立支援介護ニーズ」「家族介護ニーズ」「居住介護ニーズ」の4領域8因子20項目が抽出された.また,因子分析で抽出された領域因子項目の合計得点間の相関関係を調べた.さらに,各領域因子項目の合計得点を従属変数とし,生活基本事項を独立変数とする重回帰分析を行った.その結果,在日コリアン高齢者の在宅介護ニーズは4領域8因子で構成され,「文化・家族・居住ニーズ」は日常生活ニーズとして有意な関連があり,とくに在日コリアン高齢者の介護意識と子どもとの関係が重要な因子であることが分かった.一方,「自立ニーズ」は,介護サービス利用の条件として,他のニーズと区別される傾向があり,住宅所有状況や介護保険制度の周知度が大きく影響していた.また,高い教育歴は,文化ニーズを高める一方で,家族ニーズを低くする要因であることが示された.
著者
下村 道子
出版者
日本調理科学会
雑誌
日本調理科学会誌
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.2, 2005