著者
Ayako Seiki Yu Kosaka Satoru Yokoi
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2021-031, (Released:2021-09-02)
被引用文献数
3

The relationship between the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) in the tropics and the summertime tropical-extratropical teleconnection called the Pacific-Japan (PJ) pattern is investigated. The positive correlation between the BSISO and intraseasonal PJ pattern peaks during BSISO phase 8 when the convective center of the BSISO reaches the vicinity of the Philippines. A composite analysis based on the BSISO events shows that intraseasonal responses to the migration of the BSISO extend to the midlatitudes and form circulation anomalies reminiscent of the PJ pattern. During phases 7-8, cyclonic wind anomalies with low-pressure signals drastically intensify north of the Philippines and southeasterly wind anomalies blow into midlatitude East Asia, influencing the summer climate. Other apparent intraseasonal signals in pressure and surface air temperature are found over the midlatitude central Pacific and eastern Eurasia, respectively. The intraseasonal variability in the PJ pattern associated with the BSISO undergoes strong interannual modulations, with enhanced intraseasonal signals in summers of the positive seasonal-mean PJ pattern and suppressed signals in those of the negative PJ pattern. This asymmetry between the positive and negative PJ summers highlights the importance of cross-scale interactions for a better understanding of summer climate in East Asia.

3 0 0 0 科学朝日

著者
朝日新聞社 [編]
出版者
朝日新聞社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5(14), no.53, 1945-10
著者
五箇 公一 立田 晴記 今藤 夏子 国武 陽子
出版者
独立行政法人国立環境研究所
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2006

日本産およびアジア諸国産のヒラタクワガタ地域系統の系統関係がミトコンドリアDNA分析によって明らかにされ、アジアの大陸分化プロセスにあわせてヒラタクワガタ地域系統の種分化が進行したことが示された。交雑実験により、ヒラタクワガタ系統間の交雑は遺伝的距離が大きいほど交雑和合性が高い傾向が示された。楕円フーリエ解析による大顎形態分析の結果、雑種個体雄成虫は親系統雄の形態とは異なる大顎形態を示すが、雌親系統の形態的特徴が強く示される傾向があることが示され、ヒラタクワガタの大顎形態には母性効果があることが判明した。生殖操作に関与するWolbachiaの感染は、調査した個体すべてから検出はされなかった。
著者
大賀 郁夫 Ikuo OHGA 宮崎公立大学人文学部 Miyazaki Municipal University Faculty of Humanities
雑誌
宮崎公立大学人文学部紀要 = Bulletin of Miyazaki Municipal University Faculty of Humanities (ISSN:13403613)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.1, pp.1-31, 2021-03-10

幕末期、諸藩にとって他藩の動向を正確に掌握することは、自藩の取るべき道を決定する指針になる最重要課題であった。 本稿では日向延岡藩を対象に、同藩が作成した文久二年の「風聞書 乾坤」の内容分析を通して、藩の探索システムを明らかにした。延岡藩では城附西方の高千穂・飛地宮崎郡・豊後にそれぞれ役所(代官所)が置かれ、そこを拠点に周辺諸藩の探索が行われた。各役所から届く風聞書の内容は多岐にわたり、情報提供者も上級武士階級から一般庶民に至るまでさまざまであった。 延岡藩が特に重視した探索対象藩は、薩摩藩・熊本藩それに豊後岡藩であった。「風聞書 坤」には九州諸藩の諸侯の評価が記されているが、評価が高いのは唐津藩世子小笠原長行・蓮池藩主鍋島直紀であり、岡藩主中川久昭や熊本藩主細川韶邦・久留米藩主有馬頼咸の評価は低い。この時期藩主の資質が求められていたことがわかる。文久二年という限定した期間の風聞書ではあるが、当時の民衆が諸侯や藩のあり方をどのように捉え評価していたかは、幕末期の地域社会を知る上でも重要である。
著者
田口 奈緒 荒木 智子 中島 文香 片岡 裕貴
出版者
一般社団法人 日本周産期・新生児医学会
雑誌
日本周産期・新生児医学会雑誌 (ISSN:1348964X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.2, pp.282-287, 2021 (Released:2021-09-06)
参考文献数
16

妊娠期における親密なパートナーからの暴力(Intimate partner violence:以下IPVと略)と産科合併症との関連について検討を行った.2019年2月から7月までに受診した妊婦のうち切迫早産や前期破水,胎児発育不全といった産科合併症のために母体胎児集中治療室に入院した69名と外来健診者355名を比較した.スクリーニングには女性に対する暴力スクリーニング尺度(VAWS)を用い,被害の陽性率は入院群では36.4%,外来健診群では23.4%と有意差を認めた(p=0.027).多変量解析において出産回数,全般性不安障害,早産既往,喫煙の有無で調整した後の入院群と外来健診群ではIPVは有意な単独要因として残らなかった.産科合併症のために入院した妊婦の3分の1がIPVの可能性があったという今回の結果から,妊婦および胎児の心身の健康上,潜在的なIPVを発見するためにスクリーニングを行うことは重要であると考えられた.
著者
Hiromitsu Kanno Hiroshi Matsuyama
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2021-030, (Released:2021-09-01)

In the Western North Pacific, there is little meteorological data available for the 19th century. We found historical documents at Chichi-jima in the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands that report routine meteorological observations and weather conditions before 1906. In 1906, Japan Meteorological Agency began observations at Ohmura in the northwestern part of the island. The Home Ministry in Japan conducted the observations until 1906 at Ohgiura, the central part of Chichi-jima, which is 3 km away from Ohmura. We analyzed precipitation data at Ohgiura and Ohmura from 1975 to 2020 and found that the former is systematically greater than the latter. Therefore, we corrected pre-1906 precipitation at Ohgiura to ensure correlation with post-1906 precipitation at Ohmura. No discontinuous changes in the data were found around 1906. A previous study reported that annual precipitation at Ohmura for 1907-1944 was higher than that after World War II. We found that in some years from 1882 to 1906, the precipitation was less than that for 1907-1944, which agrees with the reported higher atmospheric pressure around Chichi-jima before 1906. Our study suggests that the trend of decreasing precipitation at Chichi-jima in the 20th century is not monotonous but a part of longer-scale temporal variations.
著者
He Gong Mei Huang Zhaosheng Wang
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, pp.151-157, 2021 (Released:2021-08-31)
参考文献数
29

The northern Eurasia is a region heavily affected by the Arctic polar vortex (APV). Understanding the vegetation responses to anomalous APV in this region is important for dealing with climate change. In this study, we investigated the impacts and mechanism of the anomalous APV phases on the vegetation dynamics in the northern Eurasia. The larger and smaller APV phases correspond to almost opposite atmospheric circulation patterns which result in opposite vegetation responses. The decreased (increased) solar radiation, the enhanced (weakened) northerly winds, together with the decreased (increased) water vapor divergence, caused the decreasing (increasing) of the air temperature, increasing (decreasing) of the precipitation and soil moisture in the study area during the larger (smaller) APV phase. The response of vegetation growth to the APV depends on climate change and vegetation sensitivity to it. In most parts of the study area, vegetation growth was positively associated with air temperature, and hence, vegetation was suppressed (promoted) during the larger (smaller) APV phase. In the northeast of the Caspian Sea (NCS), vegetation growth was sensitive to precipitation. Therefore, the increased (decreased) soil moisture in summer and autumn were responsible for the promoted (suppressed) vegetation growth during the larger (smaller) APV phase.
著者
大谷 真 牛山 明
出版者
日本動物遺伝育種学会
雑誌
動物遺伝育種研究 (ISSN:13459961)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.2, pp.87-96, 2016 (Released:2016-09-01)
参考文献数
39
被引用文献数
1
著者
岩本 良二 太田 奈穂樹 相場 伸 村川 雄大 棟方 栄治
出版者
日本法科学技術学会
雑誌
日本鑑識科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:13428713)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, no.2, pp.99-108, 2002 (Released:2009-10-14)
参考文献数
24

This paper presents a study of the intra-individual variation of pubic hairs. Seventy pubic hairs were pulled from seven sites around the outer genital area of each of five Japanese males; sixty were obtained from six sites on each of four Japanese females, and fifty from six sites on one additional Japanese female. These hairs were examined with respect to twenty-two morphological characteristics. These morphological data were studied in relation to each site and analyzed by the statistical method of cluster analysis.   It appeared that a pubic hair's length, luster, diameter, medullary index, disease and scale damage bore some relation to the site from which it was obtained. Dendrograms produced through the cluster analysis showed a hierarchy of similarities among all pairs of pubic hairs. Similar hairs were placed together into several large or small groups within the same person. Some groups contained pubic hairs from many sites, whereas others were almost exclusively from only one site. This means that some sites have different characteristics from other sites. Pubic hairs obtained from the penis area, scrotum and labium majus area showed greater dissimilarity than other sites within the same person.   Therefore, in forensic hair comparison, known pubic hair samples should be obtained from many different sites. For males, at least thirty-five pubic hairs should be collected from seven sites (center, left and right abdomen; upper, left and right area surrounding the penis; and scrotum). For females, at least thirty pubic hairs should be collected from six sites (center, left and right abdomen; mons pubis; left and right labium majus).
著者
京都芸苑巡礼会 編
出版者
黄檗山万福寺
巻号頁・発行日
1927