著者
橋本 理
出版者
関西大学社会学部
雑誌
関西大学社会学部紀要 (ISSN:02876817)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.2, pp.5-42, 2007-03-25

This paper reviews and explains the significance and issue of community business. First it introduces points of contention in community business by comparing studies on non-profit organizations. Then, it explains that how the local and national Japanese governments have dealt with this issue. 本論文は、コミュニティビジネス論の展開を整理し、コミュニティビジネスの意義と問題点を明らかにすることを目的としている。第1に、コミュニティビジネスに関する議論がどのように展開されてきたかをNPO研究との比較のなかから整理する。第2に、コミュニティビジネスが国や自治体における政策のなかでどのように位置づけられてきたかを明らかにする。
著者
木崎 良平
出版者
史学研究会 (京都大学文学部内)
雑誌
史林 = THE SHIRIN or the JOURNAL OF HISTORY (ISSN:03869369)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.1, pp.118-136, 1977-01-01

個人情報保護のため削除部分あり
著者
見附 陽介
出版者
北海道大学スラブ研究センター
雑誌
スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, pp.63-89, 2009

In this paper, I examine the meaning of the concepts of "person" and "thing" in M. M. Bakhtin's theory of dialogue. Through this examination, I aim to clarify the similarities and differences between Bakhtin's and C. L. Frank's philosophy based on an ontological concept unique to traditional Russian philosophy, namely, "pan-unity" (всеединство). I begin by presenting a conceptual contrast between dialogue and reification, which play an important role in Bakhtin's seminal work Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics. I demonstrate that this contrast between dialogue and reification derives from the contrast between person and thing. Dialogue, to Bakhtin, is the relationship between "I" and "Thou." We need to consider the other as "Thou" because he/she is not a thing but a person who has his/her "independence," "inner freedom," and "unfinalizability." Bakhtin says that only through dialogue can we properly deal with such characteristics of the other. If we have contact with the other without a dialogical attitude, he/she is reified as a thing that does not speak. He affirms that the main aim of his work is to elucidate the meaning of the artistic form of Dostoevsky's literary works, namely, "polyphony." According to Bakhtin, polyphony emancipates the person from such reification through a dialogical attitude. In this sense, we can infer that Bakhtin's theory of dialogue is based on the contrast between dialogue and reification, which derives from the fundamental contrast between person and thing. In addition, by comparing Bakhtin's concept of reification with A. F. Losev's, I demonstrate that Bakhtin utilized the word "reification" not in the manner of Russian Platonism, wherein it was considered as the incarnation of an "idea," but in the manner of Kantian argument, which ethically differentiated person from thing and criticized the idea of treating a person as a means. Next, I examine S. L. Frank's concepts of person and thing to compare them with Bakhtin's. Frank also developed the idea of "I" and "Thou." Moreover, like Bakhtin, he criticized the idea of treating a person as a thing. In this sense, I think that his philosophy is suitable for a comparison with Bakhtin's theory. However, there is a third category in Frank's argument, which he refers to as "We." This makes his idea of "I" and "Thou" distinct from others' idea. "We" is characterized as a primary state from which "I" and "Thou" are derived through differentiation, namely, as pan-unity. Frank ultimately places these categories in ontological unity under God. I show that in Frank's philosophy, encounter and association with the other as "Thou" is grounded in this ontological concept. On the basis of these theories, we can point out the similarities between Bakhtin's and Frank's philosophy. Both developed the idea of "I" and "Thou" on the basis of the contrast between person and thing. Moreover, it seems that Frank's definition of "We" as a "polycentric system" is similar to Bakhtin's idea of "polyphony." However, there is a decisive difference between them, namely, the ontological premise of the relationship between "I" and "Thou." As stated above, the relationship between "I" and "Thou" is ensured by the ontological concept of "We" as pan-unity in Frank's philosophy. On the other hand, the ontological premise of Bakhtin's dialogue is the idea of "outsideness" (вненаходимость). I conclude that this idea is incompatible with the idea of pan-unity. However, there seems to be a disagreement concerning the interpretation of Bakhtin's idea of outsideness. Some scholars, including me, think that there are some differences between the idea of outsideness and the idea of pan-unity. Therefore, they consider Bakhtin's philosophy to be distinct from traditional Russian philosophy. Others think that there are some similarities or connections between them. Therefore, they consider Bakhtin's philosophy to be influenced by traditional Russian philosophy. By considering the differentiation between "monological outsideness" and "polyphonic (dialogical) outsideness," which was proposed by Bakhtin, I intend to provide a solution for this seeming disagreement. Finally, on the basis of these arguments, I consider not only how Bakhtin's idea of person and thing can be appreciated in comparison with Frank's idea, but also how the idea of outsideness as the ontological premise of Bakhtin's dialogism can be appreciated in comparison with the ontological idea of pan-unity, unique to Russian philosophy.
著者
酒井 佳世 Kayo Sakai
出版者
久留米大学情報教育センター
雑誌
久留米大学コンピュータジャーナル (ISSN:24322555)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, pp.22-29, 2021-02

本稿は,コロナ禍における授業方針の転換により,クラス分割して対面と遠隔を組み合わせたハイブリッド型授業を取り上げICTを有効活用した新たな教育プログラムを検討したものである。これまでになかった遠隔授業を導入するにあたり,対面と遠隔をいかにうまく組み合わせるかを考慮し,対面では対面ならではの学生の交流を重視した内容(テーマ)とし,遠隔は,学生が個人またはグループで取り組めるオンライン教材と動画作成などの課題を設定し ,新たな教育プログラムの検討をおこなった 。
著者
秋吉 貴雄
出版者
熊本大学
雑誌
熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.10, pp.1-16, 2012-03-26

This study reconsidered the notion of policy learning in order to rebuild the analytical framework. Since 70's intensive policy studies have been implemented in U.S., and the notice on "policy learning" has been increased. Several types of learning have been presented, which were "political learning", "social learning", "policy oriented learning", "lesson-drawing" and "government learning". But, as some criticized the concept of policy learning were ambiguity, the notice on this notion has been decreased since 90's. Reviewing recent studies on policy process, we found several implications for the notion of policy learning in the four components, which were 1) the subject of learning, 2) the object of learning, 3) the process of learning, 4) the channel for policy.
著者
永松 俊雄
出版者
室蘭工業大学
雑誌
室蘭工業大学紀要 = Memoirs of the Muroran Institute of Technology (ISSN:13442708)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, pp.19-38, 2011-03-18

Framing helps us to organize complex phenomena into coherent and comprehensive stories. In the policy process, framing often accounts for social conflicts because they differ among actors who are concerned with the same issue. In general, their frames are closely related to their own interests. This article, firstly, describes the relationship between interests and actions of each actor, and discusses the impacts of framing on the policy process. Secondly, it explores, through a case study of Minamata disease, how each actor makes her/his frame of the issue, why the frame is different among actors, and why the frame has an impact on the action in the policy process.
著者
秋吉 貴雄
雑誌
熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, pp.17-30, 2003-03-31

In the Japanese technology policymaking process, closed policy community is build by technocratic bureaucrats, particular scientists, and particular companies. And there are two characteristics exclusion of non expert and policymaking by limited experts. In this policymaking system, two problems, the decline of social acceptability of public policy and the failure of public policy, are pointed out. To solve these problems, at first, under the methodology of participatory policy analysis, we should utilize ordinary knowledge, which non-expert has, for policymaking. Therefore, citizen panel, where citizens participate and consider the policy alternatives, is effective. In addition, we should reform expert knowledge especially the expert organization and the role of expert. Therefore, conventional council style also known as SHINGIKAI should be changed for advisory board style' as US Science Advisory Board. On the basis of these reforms, we should build the policymaking support system, which provides ordinary knowledge, stakeholder knowledge and expert knowledge, by the cooperation of three panels; citizen panel, stakeholder panel, and expert panel.
著者
鈴村 裕輔
出版者
法政大学国際日本学研究所
雑誌
国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, pp.37-61, 2021-02-26

The Hong Kong Toyo Keizai Shimpo (香港東洋経済新報), started in June 1944 and had been issue until the 8th volume was a journal edited and published by Hong Kong Toyo Keizai-sha, a local subsidiary of Toyo Keizai Shimpo-sha. It was the Office of the Governor-General, Hong Kong Occupied Territory which supported Hong Kong Toyo Keizai-sha to publish The Hong Kong Toyo Keizai Shimpo, since the officials especially Governor-General Lieutenant General Isogai Rensuke (磯谷廉介) required the journal to take a role as an organ for propaganda efforts. On the other hand, the publisher tried to collect information about mainland of China and Southeast Asia as well as Hong Kong to report an actual figure and the truth of the area. In this paper we examined an editorial note of The Hong Kong Toyo Keizai Shimpo entitled with “Henshusitu-yori” (編輯室より, literally “From the Editorial Office”) respectively. In this way we demonstrated characteristics of the journal and sensitive conflicts between an official task and an editorial policy, sponsorʼs requirements versus editorʼs ideal.
著者
島倉 広至 三浦 貴生 浜根 大輔 松枝 大治 三浦 裕行
出版者
北海道大学大学院理学研究院
雑誌
北海道大学地球物理学研究報告 (ISSN:04393503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.78, pp.19-35, 2015-03-19

The Teine mine is a epithermal Au-Ag-Cu deposit located at the west part of Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. More than 30 veins are distributed in the 5km2 area. So far, 48 mineral species are reported from the Teine mine. However, mineralogical study is not enough to describe the wide variety of mineral occurrence in this mine. The authors perform a descriptive study of ore samples stored at the Hokkaido University Museum and found 15 newly observed minerals from the Teine mine. Especially, cupropavonite,hodrushite,koritnigite, krautite and poubaite are first report from Japan. Poubaite, PbBi2Se2Te2, found in goldfieldite grain, is idiomorphic and less than 30 μm in diameter. It shows creamy white color and metallic luster. Bireflectance is strong. The observed empirical formula, PbBi2(Te2.0Se1.9S0.1) Σ4, is consistent with the ideal formula (Zdenek et al., 1987).