著者

Kei Suzuki Akiko Nakamura Tomoyuki Enokiya Yoshiaki Iwashita Eri Tomatsu Yuichi Muraki Toshihiro Kaneko Masahiro Okuda Naoyuki Katayama Hiroshi Imai

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.14, pp.1641-1645, 2013 (Released:2013-07-15)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

4 13

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We herein report the first case of septic arthritis caused by rmpA-positive hypermucoviscous community-acquired K. pneumoniae that followed urosepsis in a 65-year-old Japanese woman. The patient responded well to drainage of the abscesses and treatment with cefazolin. Although this virulent phenotype of K. pneumoniae has been primarily reported in Hong Kong, we confirmed that 18/50 isolates obtained in our hospital over the past five years displayed the hypermucoviscous phenotype. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility of an increasing prevalence of rmpA-positive hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae infection in Japan and be particularly vigilant for invasive clinical manifestations, even in patients with urinary tract infections.

著者

Lahiru N. Jayakody Keisuke Tsuge Akihiro Suzuki Hitoshi Shimoi Hiroshi Kitagaki

出版者

公益財団法人 応用微生物学・分子細胞生物学研究奨励会

雑誌

The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.227-238, 2013 (Released:2013-07-17)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

3

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Because of the growing market for sports drinks, prevention of yeast contamination of these beverages is of significant concern. This research was performed to achieve insight into the physiology of yeast growing in sports drinks through a genome-wide approach to prevent microbial spoilage of sports drinks. The genome-wide gene expression profile of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing in the representative sports drink was investigated. Genes that were relevant to sulphate ion starvation response were upregulated in the yeast cells growing in the drink. These results suggest that yeast cells are suffering from deficiency of extracellular sulphate ions during growth in the sports drink. Indeed, the concentration of sulphate ions was far lower in the sports drink than in a medium that allows the optimal growth of yeast. To prove the starvation of sulphate ions of yeast, several ions were added to the beverage and its effects were investigated. The addition of sulphate ions, but not chloride ions or sodium ions, to the beverage stimulated yeast growth in the beverage in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the addition of sulphate ions to the sports drink increased the biosynthesis of sulphur-containing amino acids in yeast cells and hydrogen sulphide in the beverage. These results indicate that sulphate ion concentration should be regulated to prevent microbial spoilage of sports drinks.

著者

Asuka SUTO Masahiro YAMASAKI Yukari TAKASAKI Yasuyuki FUJITA Riichiro ABE Hiroshi SHIMIZU Hiroshi OHTA Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0098, (Released:2013-07-16)

被引用文献数

2 7

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Due to the lack of a gold standard method in canine lipoprotein analysis, it is unclear whether canine high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) can be accurately evaluated by the lipoprotein analysis methods used for dogs. This study investigated whether the ultracentrifugation-precipitation (U-P) method was suitable as a gold standard method for analyzing canine lipoprotein. First, the U-P method was compared with a gel permeation high performance liquid chromatography system (GP-HPLC). The concentrations of canine HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) determined by the U-P method correlated closely with those determined by GP-HPLC. However, the canine HDL-C concentration determined by the U-P method was lower than that by GP-HPLC, and the canine LDL-C concentration by the U-P method was higher than that by GP-HPLC. This study showed that some of the canine HDL could be precipitated with heparin manganese chloride solution. Second, the [HDL] and [LDL] fractions separated by the U-P method were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The [HDL] fraction was found to contain only apolipoprotein A-I, which is an apolipoprotein of HDL, whereas the [LDL] fraction contained both apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B-100, which is an apolipoprotein of LDL. This data showed that a certain lipoprotein that includes apolipoprotein A-I might precipitate with canine LDL by use of heparin manganese chloride solution. These results indicated that the U-P method is not currently a gold standard method for analyzing canine lipoproteins.

著者

HIROSHI OGATA MIDORI YATABE SHINGEN MISAKA YAYOI SHIKAMA SUGURU SATO MITSURU MUNAKATA JUNKO KIMURA

出版者

福島医学会

雑誌

FUKUSHIMA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (ISSN:00162590)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.43-48, 2013 (Released:2013-07-10)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

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We previously reported a case of pulmonary hypertension, where the symptoms were improved by oral L-arginine (arginine) administration. Arginine may increase nitric oxide (NO) production in the pulmonary artery. Exhaled NO may reflect pulmonary artery NO production. It has been demonstrated that exhaled NO concentration is higher in patients with allergic diseases, but whether oral arginine administration alters exhaled NO is unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether oral arginine administration increases exhaled NO among healthy volunteers with and without a history of allergy.Eleven subjects were given a single oral dose (200 mg/kg) of arginine, and their plasma arginine concentrations and exhaled NO were measured up to 150 minutes. Baseline values of exhaled NO concentration were significantly higher in those with a history of allergy (56.4±20.3 ppb, n=5, P< 0.05) than those without (16.8±4.0 ppb, n=6). Oral arginine increased exhaled NO, which peaked at 60 minutes after the administration in those with a history of allergy (85.2±44.8 ppb, n=5). However, the increase in exhaled NO was not significant compared to the baseline values. In contrast, plasma arginine concentration was increased significantly by arginine administration (P< 0.01), regardless of an allergy history. These results suggested that the difference in exhaled NO concentration was not due to a difference in arginine absorption.Serum IgE level was significantly higher in the group with a history of allergy. Eosinophils and white blood cells were within normal range in all subjects. We conclude that oral arginine administration does not significantly increase exhaled NO, regardless of allergy history. However, as arginine administration has been reported to be effective in patients with pulmonary hypertension, it will be necessary to test exhaled NO in subjects with pulmonary hypertension in the future.

著者

豊田 弘司 豊田 弘司 TOYOTA Hiroshi

出版者

奈良教育大学教育学部附属教育実践総合センター

雑誌

教育実践総合センター研究紀要 (ISSN:13476971)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, pp.7-10, 2006-03

著者

Masanori Shinriki Hiroshi Takase

出版者

(社)電子情報通信学会

雑誌

IEICE Communications Express (ISSN:21870136)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.5, pp.165-170, 2012-10-16 (Released:2012-10-16)

参考文献数

4

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Binary codes for a multi-range-resolution radar are proposed. Inverse filters can be then used for a multi-range resolution radar and compress the proposed codes to different pulse widths. These binary codes are compressed to several sub-pulses, only if a matched filter is applied. We describe that the compressed pulses have very small pulse compression losses and side-lobe amplitudes, even though the binary codes are compressed to the pulse width smaller than the reciprocal of the bandwidth of the codes. This fact is confirmed by computer calculations.

著者

HE Wen-Rong TAKAGI Koichiro YOSHIMOTO Takanobu NARUSE Mitsuhide NARUSE Kiyoko DEMURA Hiroshi NAKABAYASHI Masao TAKEDA Yoshihiko 赫 文栄 高木 耕一郎 吉本 貴宣 成瀬 光栄 成瀬 清子 出村 博 中林 正雄 武田 佳彦

出版者

東京女子医科大学学会

雑誌

東京女子医科大学雑誌 (ISSN:00409022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.5, pp.330-337, 1996-05-25

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エンドセリン-1(ET)は培養血管内皮細胞より発見された強力な血管収縮性ペプチドであり,低酸素環境下でその産生が増加することが知られている.ETはその受容体とともに胎盤で発現することから,慢性胎児低酸素症の胎盤血流調節因子としてのETの関与を明らかとするために,ラット胎盤でのET遺伝子発現を検討した.今回我々は,妊娠18日齢のSprague-Dawleyラットの片側の子宮動脈を結紮し,非結紮側を対照として結紮の6,12,24,48,72時間後に胎盤を摘出後,RNAを抽出した.RT-PCR法によるサザンプロット解析によりET遺伝子発現を検討した,また,比較として母体低栄養による胎児発育遅延を妊娠18日から21日までの72時間,水分のみを与えることによる飢餓により作製し,胎盤のET遺伝子発現を同様に検討した.その結果,子宮動脈結紮後,胎仔体重,ならびに胎盤重量は24時間以降で減少を示し,72時間ではそれぞれ対照の62%(n=31, p<0.01),75%(n=31, p<0.01)となった.一方,母体低栄養では胎仔体重,ならびに胎盤重量はそれぞれ対照の79%(n=20, p<0.01), 83%(n=20, p<0.05)と減少した.ラット胎盤のETmRNA relative abundance (preproET-1/GAPDH; mean±SEM)は慢性胎児低酸素症モデルでは対照群と結紮群でそれぞれ0.128±0.011 vs 0.237±0.022 (p<0.01)と結紮群で約2倍の有意の増加を示した.一方,母体低栄養モデルでは胎盤のET mRNA relative abundanceは対照群と低栄養群とでそれぞれ0.135±0.010, 0.145±0・006と差を認めなかった. 以上より,子宮動脈結紮によって惹起された慢性胎児低酸素症モデルにおいて,胎盤のET遺伝子発現の増加を確認した.子宮動脈結紮により母体からの胎児への栄養の物質輸送の障害が胎盤のET遺伝子発現に関与している可能性は,母体低栄養によるIUGRにおいて胎盤のET遺伝子発現に差が認められなかったことから否定的と考えられた.以上より,ETは低酸素負荷に反応して胎盤局所で産生,放出されるautocrmeあるいはparacrme因子として胎盤血管の収縮にあずかっていると考えられた.A vasoactive peptide, endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been identified in the mammalian placenta. Its increase in the fetal circulation was demonstrated not only in acute but also in chronic fetal hypoxia in human. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of chronic fetoplacental hypoxia induced by uterine artery ligation on ET-1 gene expression in the rat placenta. Unilateral uterine artery ligation was performed to the pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats on Day 18 of gestation and the pregnancy was terminated on Day 21 of gestation. The effect of maternal starvation on the placental ET-1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels was also examined for comparison with the same time period. Relative abundance of the placental ET-1 mRNA was determined by quantitative reversed transcriptase polymerase chain reaction coupled with Southern blotting. Both maternal starvation and uterine artery ligation significantly reduced fetal and placental weight. In contrast, the placental ET-1 mRNA levels increased 2-fold by the uterine artery ligation whereas those in the maternal starvation group did not. Thus, it is unlikely that the reduced meterno-fetal transfer of nutrients by the uterine artery ligation could enhance the placental ET-1 gene expression. These results suggest that the enhanced placental ET-1 gene expression upon chronic fetoplacental hypoxia may contribute to the pathophysiology of the placental circulation in the fetal growth retardation.

著者

Kenichi Kaseno Shigeto Naito Kohki Nakamura Tamotsu Sakamoto Takehito Sasaki Naofumi Tsukada Mamoru Hayano Suguru Nishiuchi Etsuko Fuke Yuko Miki Keijiro Nakamura Eiji Yamashita Koji Kumagai Shigeru Oshima Hiroshi Tada

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.10, pp.2337-2342, 2012 (Released:2012-09-25)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

53 73

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Background: Periprocedural anticoagulation using uninterrupted warfarin could reduce the risk of thromboembolic complications of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Few studies, however, have evaluated the efficacy and safety of periprocedural dabigatran in AF ablation. Methods and Results: A total of 211 consecutive patients who underwent AF ablation, including 110 patients who received 110mg dabigatran twice daily (group D) and 101 patients who received dose-adjusted warfarin (international normalized ratio, 2.0–3.0; group W), were evaluated. Dabigatran was discontinued on the morning of the procedure, and resumed on the next morning. Warfarin was continued throughout the procedure. During the procedure, heparin infusion was maintained to achieve an activated clotting time of >300s. Postprocedural cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 60 patients (group D, n=31; group W, n=29). No periprocedural deaths or symptomatic thromboembolic complications were observed in either group. MRI indicated a silent cerebral infarction in 1 patient in each group. Five patients in group D and 11 in group W had minor bleeding (P=0.12). Cardiac tamponade occurred in 2 patients in group W, but in none in group D. Total bleeding complications occurred less frequently in group D (4.5%) than in group W (12.9%; P<0.05). Conclusions: Dabigatran at a dose of 110mg twice daily was safe for AF ablation in patients with a relatively low risk of thromboemboli, suggesting that it may become an alternative to warfarin in those patients.  (Circ J 2012; 76: 2337–2342)

著者

Yuki Ohmoto-Sekine Makiko Ishihara Shiun Dong Hsieh Kazuhisa Amakawa Shigeko Hara Hiroshi Tsuji Rieko Ishimura Sugao Ishiwata Tetsu Yamaguchi Minoru Ohno Yasuji Arase

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.9, pp.977-980, 2013 (Released:2013-05-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4 6

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Kawasaki disease (KD) is one of the most important causes of coronary artery aneurysms in children and young adults. However, the natural course of the disease and the patient prognosis remain obscure. A 72-year-old asymptomatic man with undiagnosed KD underwent whole-heart magnetic resonance coronary angiography during a health checkup. The imaging disclosed giant aneurysms in the proximal portion of the right coronary artery and the left anterior descending artery. The patient was successfully treated with coronary artery bypass grafting. The present case suggests that there may be a substantial number of patients who have attained middle to old age with undiagnosed KD.

著者

天野 惠一 河村 弘庸 谷川 達也 川畠 弘子 能谷 正雄 伊関 洋 AMANO Keiichi KAWAMURA Hirotsune TANIKAWA Tatsuya KAWABATAKE Hiroko NOTANI Masao ISEKI Hiroshi

出版者

東京女子医科大学学会

雑誌

東京女子医科大学雑誌 (ISSN:00409022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.11, pp.1141-1145, 1988-11-25

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東京女子医科大学学会第275回例会 昭和63年6月9日 東京女子医科大学中央校舎1階会議室

著者

Yoshiki YUI Tetsuya SUMIYOSHI Kazuhisa KODAMA Atsushi HIRAYAMA Hiroshi NONOGI Katsuo KANMATSUSE Hideki ORIGASA Osamu IIMURA Masao ISHII Takao SARUTA Kikuo ARAKAWA Saichi HOSODA Chuichi KAWAI JMIC-B Study Group

出版者

日本高血圧学会

雑誌

Hypertension Research (ISSN:09169636)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.7, pp.449-456, 2004 (Released:2004-08-07)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

21 27

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We stratified findings from the Japan Multicenter Investigation for Cardiovascular Diseases-B according to whether or not the patients had diabetes and compared the incidence of cardiac events occurring over a 3-year period between treatment with nifedipine retard and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The primary endpoint was the overall incidence of cardiac events (cardiac death or sudden death, myocardial infarction, hospitalization for angina pectoris or heart failure, serious arrhythmia, and coronary interventions), and the secondary endpoints were a composite of other events (cerebrovascular accidents, worsening of renal dysfunction, non-cardiovascular events, and total mortality). The results showed no significant difference in the incidence of the primary endpoint between the nifedipine group (n =199) and the ACE inhibitor group (n =173) in diabetic patients: 15.08% vs. 15.03%, relative risk 1.06, p =0.838. Also in nondiabetic patients, no significant difference was observed between the former (n =629) and the latter (n =649): 13.67% vs. 12.33%, relative risk 1.04, p =0.792. Similar results were obtained for the incidence of the secondary endpoints: in diabetic patients, 5.03% vs. 5.20%, relative risk 0.89, p =0.799; in nondiabetic patients, 2.70% vs. 2.47%, relative risk 1.07, p =0.842. Achieved blood pressure levels were 138/76 and 136/77 mmHg in the nifedipine group and 140/78 and 138/79 mmHg in the ACE inhibitor group in diabetic and nondiabetic patients, respectively. This study showed that nifedipine retard was as effective as ACE inhibitors in reducing the incidence of cardiac events in extremely high-risk hypertensive patients with complications of diabetes and coronary artery disease. (Hypertens Res 2004; 27: 449-456)

著者

Yoshiki YUI Tetsuya SUMIYOSHI Kazuhisa KODAMA Atsushi HIRAYAMA Hiroshi NONOGI Katsuo KANMATSUSE Hideki ORIGASA Osamu IIMURA Masao ISHII Takao SARUTA Kikuo ARAKAWA Saichi HOSODA Chuichi KAWAI JMIC-B Study Group

出版者

日本高血圧学会

雑誌

Hypertension Research (ISSN:09169636)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.181-191, 2004 (Released:2004-10-19)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

70 103

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The Japan Multicenter Investigation for Cardiovascular Diseases-B was performed to investigate whether nifedipine retard treatment was associated with a significantly higher incidence of cardiac events than angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor treatment in Japanese patients. The study used a prospective, randomized, open, blinded endpoint (PROBE) design. Patients were enrolled at 354 Japanese hospitals specializing in cardiovascular disease. The subjects were 1,650 outpatients aged under 75 years who had diagnoses of both hypertension and coronary artery disease. There were 828 patients subjected to intention-to-treat analysis in the nifedipine retard group and 822 patients in the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor group. The patients were randomized to 3 years of treatment with either nifedipine retard or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. The primary endpoint was the overall incidence of cardiac events (cardiac death or sudden death, myocardial infarction, hospitalization for angina pectoris or heart failure, serious arrhythmia, and coronary interventions). The primary endpoint occurred in 116 patients (14.0%) from the nifedipine retard group and 106 patients (12.9%) from the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor group (relative risk, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.81-1.37; p =0.75). In the Kaplan-Meier estimates, there were no significant differences between the two groups (log-rank test: p =0.86). The incidence of cardiac events and mortality did not differ between the nifedipine retard and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor therapies. Nifedipine retard seems to be as effective as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in reducing the incidence of cardiac events and mortality. (Hypertens Res 2004; 27: 181-191)

著者

種市 淳子 逸村 裕 TANEICHI Junko ITSUMURA Hiroshi

出版者

名古屋大学附属図書館研究開発室

雑誌

名古屋大学附属図書館研究年報 (ISSN:1348687X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.1-13, 2005-03-31

著者

TSURUGA Hifumi MANO Tsutomu YAMANAKA Masami KANAGAWA Hiroshi

出版者

北海道大学

雑誌

Japanese journal of veterinary research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.127-136, 1995-01-31

被引用文献数

3

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Genetic variations within and between local populations of Hokkaido brown bears, Ursus arctos yesoensis, were quantified by means of DNA fingerprinting using a minisatellite DNA probe. The estimates of the average heterozygosity (gene diversity) H were 0.302 and 0.241 for the populations on the southwestern part of the Oshima peninsula and the Shiretoko peninsula, respectively. These values suggest that local populations studied in this study have low genetic variability compared with those for other animals. The degree of genetic differentiation between the populations, measured by the coefficient of gene diversity (GST), was 7.9 percent and 19.5 percent. These results indicate a low degree of genetic differentiation between the local populations. The results obtained are discussed in relation to a population bottleneck in the ancestors and subsequent expansion of their habitat.

著者

Hiroshi Inoue Ken Okumura Hirotsugu Atarashi Takeshi Yamashita Hideki Origasa Naoko Kumagai Masayuki Sakurai Yuichiro Kawamura Isao Kubota Kazuo Matsumoto Yoshiaki Kaneko Satoshi Ogawa Yoshifusa Aizawa Masaomi Chinushi Itsuo Kodama Eiichi Watanabe Yukihiro Koretsune Yuji Okuyama Akihiko Shimizu Osamu Igawa Shigenobu Bando Masahiko Fukatani Tetsunori Saikawa Akiko Chishaki on behalf of the J-RHYTHM Registry Investigators

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-13-0290, (Released:2013-05-25)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

52 110

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Background: Target anticoagulation levels for warfarin in Japanese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) are unclear. Methods and Results: Of 7,527 patients with NVAF, 1,002 did not receive warfarin (non-warfarin group), and the remaining patients receiving warfarin were divided into 5 groups based on their baseline international normalized ratio (INR) of prothrombin time (≤1.59, 1.6–1.99, 2.0–2.59, 2.6–2.99, and ≥3.0). Patients were followed-up prospectively for 2 years. Primary endpoints were thromboembolic events (cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack, and systemic embolism), and major hemorrhage requiring hospital admission. During the follow-up period, thromboembolic events occurred in 3.0% of non-warfarin group, but at lower frequencies in the warfarin groups (2.0, 1.3, 1.5, 0.6, and 1.8%/2 years for INR values of ≤1.59, 1.6–1.99, 2.0–2.59, 2.6–2.99, and ≥3.0, respectively; P=0.0059). Major hemorrhage occurred more frequently in warfarin groups (1.5, 1.8, 2.4, 3.3, and 4.1% for INR values ≤1.59, 1.6–1.99, 2.0–2.59, 2.6–2.99, and ≥3.0, respectively; P=0.0041) than in non-warfarin group (0.8%/2 years). These trends were maintained when the analyses were confined to patients aged ≥70 years. Conclusions: An INR of 1.6–2.6 is safe and effective at preventing thromboembolic events in patients with NVAF, particularly patients aged ≥70 years. An INR of 2.6–2.99 is also effective, but associated with a slightly increased risk in major hemorrhage. (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000001569)

著者

Ryota Nakasaki Hiroshi Hasegawa Masao Kasuga

出版者

ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

Acoustical Science and Technology (ISSN:13463969)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.159-165, 2013-03-01 (Released:2013-05-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 5

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In this paper, we investigated subjective impressions of air-conditioning sounds in a vehicle by using the psychoacoustic parameters of loudness and sharpness. First, we carried out a subjective evaluation using a rating scale method and investigated the relationships between the psychoacoustic parameters and nine evaluation words, quiet, refreshing, heavy, wide, muddy, violent, dry, warm, and cool, that represent impressions of air-conditioning sounds. As a result, we found that the impressions of ``violent'' and ``quiet'' strongly depended on the loudness, and the impressions of ``heavy,'' ``dry,'' ``warm,'' and ``cool'' strongly depended on the sharpness. Next, we performed a factor analysis. As a result, we found that the air-conditioning sounds can be explained by two factors, a volume factor and a thermal factor, which were strongly correlated with the loudness and sharpness, respectively. This result shows that the feelings of heating and cooling perceived from air-conditioning sounds are related to the sharpness. Therefore, a synergetic effect on the heating and cooling performance can be expected by improving the sharpness of air-conditioning sounds.

著者

Hideyuki Tukada Toshihiro Hiraki Hiroshi Nakamura

出版者

The Chemical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.130108, (Released:2013-05-18)

被引用文献数

3

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[2]Rotaxanes constructed with an ethereal end-capped axle and a dibenzo-24-crown-8 wheel were synthesized from pseudorotaxanes bearing an alcoholic terminus and diaryl-diazomethanes using diphenyl phosphate as a catalyst. The reaction proceeded at room temperature in nonpolar solvents within several hours. The [2]rotaxanes thus obtained behaved as ammonium salts derived from a very strong base such as DBU. Thus, the amine form of the [2]rotaxane reacted with a weak acid, CO2–H2O, to give a bicarbonate salt of the [2]rotaxane, which turned back to the amine form after drying followed by evacuation.

著者

Hideyuki Tukada Toshihiro Hiraki Hiroshi Nakamura

出版者

(社)日本化学会

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.6, pp.630-632, 2013-06-05 (Released:2013-06-05)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3

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[2]Rotaxanes constructed with an ethereal end-capped axle and a dibenzo-24-crown-8 wheel were synthesized from pseudorotaxanes bearing an alcoholic terminus and diaryldiazomethanes using diphenyl phosphate as a catalyst. The reaction proceeded at room temperature in nonpolar solvents within several hours. The [2]rotaxanes thus obtained behaved as ammonium salts derived from a very strong base such as DBU. Thus, the amine form of the [2]rotaxane reacted with a weak acid, CO2–H2O, to give a hydrogencarbonate salt of the [2]rotaxane, which turned back to the amine form after drying followed by evacuation.

著者

Nagase Satoko Yamanari Masahiro Tanaka Ryosuke Yasui Takeshi Miura Masahiro Iwasaki Takuya Goto Hiroshi Yasuno Yoshiaki

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.e58716, 2013-03

被引用文献数

13 5

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PurposeTo investigate the relationship between scleral mechanical properties, its birefringence, and the anisotropy of birefringence alteration in respect of the direction of the strain by using PS-OCT.MethodsThe scleral birefringence of thirty-nine porcine eyes was measured with a prototype PS-OCT. A rectangle strip of sclera with a width of 4 mm was dissected at the temporal region 5 mm apart from the optic nerve head. The strain and force were measured with a uniaxial tension tester as the sample was stretched with a speed of 1.8 mm/min after preconditioning. The birefringence of the sample was measured by PS-OCT at the center of the sample before applying, denoted as inherent birefringence, and after applying stretching of 6.5% strain. The birefringence alteration was obtained by these two measurements and correlations between birefringence and elastic parameters, tangent modulus, and structural stiffness were examined. Twenty and 19 porcine eyes were stretched in meridional or equatorial directions, respectively.ResultsA moderate positive correlation was found between the inherent birefringence and the structural stiffness. A moderate positive correlation was also found between the inherent birefringence and the tangent modulus. The birefringence increased by strains. Marginal significance was found in the birefringence alteration between meridional and equatorial strains, where the mean birefringence elevation by meridional strain was higher than that by equatorial strain.ConclusionsThe birefringence was found to be altered by applying strain and also be related with inherent birefringence. This implies the birefringence of the sclera of the in vivo eye also could be affected by its mechanical property.Citation: Nagase S, Yamanari M, Tanaka R, Yasui T, Miura M, et al. (2013) Anisotropic Alteration of Scleral Birefringence to Uniaxial Mechanical Strain. PLoS ONE 8(3): e58716. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058716Editor: Laurent Kreplak, Dalhousie University, CanadaReceived: October 30, 2012; Accepted: February 5, 2013; Published: March 11, 2013Copyright: © 2013 Nagase et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Funding: Financial support for this study was provided in part by Japan Science Technology Agency. YY had financial interest in Tomey Corp. MY is an employee of Tomey Corp. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Competing interests: The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: Yasuno and Yamanari are supported by a research grant from Tomey Corp. through their institution. Yamanari is now employee of Tomey Corporation. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

著者

Yamaguchi Hiroshi

出版者

国際基督教大学

雑誌

社会科学ジャーナル (ISSN:04542134)

巻号頁・発行日

no.53, pp.57-75, 2004-09