著者

Breisinger Clements Yokogawa Hiroshi Song Min

出版者

Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

雑誌

九州大学大学院農学研究院紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.503-531, 2003-02-01

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The Japanese rice market is an extreme example of national market protection in an industrialsed country. As a consequence of these proyrctionist policies, domestic prices average almost 4 times the world market price for comparable rice qualities. This paper discusses the obstacles on the way to political reform and to more openness of the rice trade. With the framework of a partial equilibrium model we quantify the benefits that can be expected by exhensive trade liberalisation and show that the Japanese consumer and rice producers in developing countries largely carry the burden of the current system that only conserves the highly inefficient Japanese rice farming structure. Our analysis shows that the current policies are economically not the best means to address the objectives taegeted by the "New agricultural policy" of Japan that promotes mainly food security, multifunctional aspects of agriculture and the parity of rural- urban income distribution. On the contrary, the Japanese rice policy appers to use these arguments only as oretence to justify its protectionist interventions. As an alternative, we develop an example for the conversion to a direct payment system that targets the political objectives directly and improves the competitiveness of the production in Japan.

著者

Anna KOIKE Rui KANO Masahiko NAGATA Charles CHEN Cheol-Yong HWANG Atsuhiko HASEGAWA Hiroshi KAMATA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0372, (Released:2013-02-14)

被引用文献数

1 6

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Isolates of the yeast Malassezia pachydermatis obtained from skin samples of healthy dogs and of dogs with atopic dermatitis in Japan, Taiwan and Korea were molecularly characterized using intergenic pacer 1 (IGS1) region analysis. The percentage of IGS1 subtype isolates detected in healthy skin was as follows: 1A (6%), 1B (27%), 1C (11%), 2A (6%), 2B (6%), 3A (11%), 3B (6%), 3C (3%) and 3D (24%). In contrast, the most prevalent isolates detected in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis were subtype 3D in Japan and Taiwan and subtype 3C in Korea. All subtype isolates grew well on acidic medium (pH 6). However, subtype 3C and 3D isolates grew better than the other subtype isolates on medium at pH 8.

著者

河合 広 カワイ ヒロシ Kawai Hiroshi 本田 嘉秀 ホンダ ヨシヒデ Honda Yoshihide 森嶋 弥重 モリシマ ヒロシゲ Morishima Hiroshige 古賀 妙子 コガ タエコ Koga Taeko 木村 雄一郎 キムラ ユウイチロウ Kimura Yuichiro 西脇 安 ニシワキ ヤスシ Nishiwaki Yasushi

出版者

近畿大学原子力研究所

雑誌

近畿大学原子力研究所年報 (ISSN:03748715)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.39-43, 1965

著者

植田 裕志 Ueda Hiroshi

出版者

名古屋大学文学部

雑誌

名古屋大學文學部研究論集 (ISSN:04694716)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.87-102, 1997-03-31 (Released:2006-02-14)

著者

KANEKO Hiroshi

出版者

科学基礎論学会

雑誌

Annals of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science (ISSN:04530691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.35-49, 2002-11-25

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 2

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It has been the main stream of research into intuitionsim for some decades to try to interpret intuitionist criticism of classical mathematics from a constructive semantic point of view. In such attempts, however, it is impossible to include all intuitionistic tenets, especially Brouwer's criticism of language and communication, in such a semantic framework. Some parts of Brouwer's thoughts thoroughly resist any kind of semantic interpretation. This is similar to Wittgenstein's later philosophy which also does not fit any kind of semantic interpretation, or to interpretations that his philosophy is constructed to exclude any semantic readings. By this comparison I hope to suggest that we have something to learn from Brouwer's philosophy, especially his criticism of language and linguistic communication that resists any semantic readings. In fact, Brouwer exerted influence on peoples such as Hilbert and Weyl for almost two dacades before the beginning of semantic research, that is, before the formulation of intuitionistic logic by Heyting. So, we can raise a legitimate question about what influence Brouwer exerted. Roughly speaking, I think it was his prior insights into the relation between language and mathematics. In the following, I would like to consider what those insights are, what kind of view on language they are based on and how they influence the foundational debates.

著者

Shoko Suzuki Ryota Sakamoto Hiroshi Nishihara

出版者

(社)日本化学会

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.17-18, 2013-01-05 (Released:2012-12-22)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

3

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[Ru(tpy)(picSO)]BF4 (tpy: 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine, picSO: 6-[(methylsulfinyl)methyl]picolinate) undergoes profound linkage isomerization behavior between stable S-bound and metastable O-bound isomers. S-[RuII(tpy)(picSO)]BF4 experiences photoisomerization to O-[RuII(tpy)(picSO)]BF4 upon irradiation with 436 nm light, whereas the back reaction is triggered with 546 nm light. Electrochemical linkage isomerization also takes place.

著者

Arai Hideyuki Kudo Hiroshi Tomita Shigeo Ishii Satoshi

出版者

The Physical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan (ISSN:00319015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.10, pp.104301, 2009-10

被引用文献数

5

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We have specified the mechanism of suppressed electron emission from surfaces bombarded by fast cluster ions. From key information obtained from a comparison of the electron emissions for insulator KCl and conductor graphite, we concluded that the suppression is predominantly caused by the disturbance of the electron transport by the electric potential generated by moving cluster atoms. The possible shift from suppressed emission to enhanced emission of electrons as cluster speed increases is also discussed in relation to that in the case of cluster stopping power.

著者

Sato Soshi Li Wei Kakushima Kuniyuki Ohmori Kenji Natori Kenji Yamada Keisaku Iwai Hiroshi

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Applied physics letters (ISSN:00036951)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.23, pp.233506, 2011-06

被引用文献数

9

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Interfacial states of silicon nanowire field-effect transistors with rectangular-like cross-sections (wire height of 10 nm and widths of 9 and 18 nm) have been evaluated from the transfer characteristics in the subthreshold region measured at cryogenic temperatures, where kinks in the drain current becomes prominent. It is found that the kinks can be well-explained assuming local interfacial states near the conduction band (Ec). The main extracted local states have been shown to exist at 10 and 31 meV below Ec with the densities of 1.3×1013 cm−2/eV and 5.4×1012 cm−2/eV, respectively. By comparing two field-effect transistors with different wire widths, the former states can be assigned to the states located at the corner and the side surface of the wire, and the latter to the top and the bottom surfaces.

著者

Kawasaki Aya Ito Ikue Ito Satoshi Hayashi Taichi Goto Daisuke Matsumoto Isao Takasaki Yoshinari Hashimoto Hiroshi Sumida Takayuki Tsuchiya Naoyuki

出版者

Hindawi Publishing

雑誌

Journal of biomedicine and biotechnology (ISSN:11107243)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2010, pp.207578, 2010

被引用文献数

27 15

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Recent genome-wide association studies demonstrated association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNFAIP3 region at 6q23 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in European-American populations. In this study, we investigated whether SNPs in the TNFAIP3 region are associated with SLE also in a Japanese population. A case-control association study was performed on the SNPs rs13192841, rs2230926, and rs6922466 in 318 Japanese SLE patients and 444 healthy controls. Association of rs2230926 G allele with SLE was replicated in Japanese (allelic association P=.033, odds ratio [OR] 1.47, recessive model P=.023, OR 8.52). The association was preferentially observed in the SLE patients with nephritis. When the TNFAIP3 mRNA levels of the HapMap samples were examined using GENEVAR database, the presence of TNFAIP3 rs2230926 G allele was associated with lower mRNA expression of TNFAIP3 (P=.013). These results indicated that TNFAIP3 is a susceptibility gene to SLE both in the Caucasian and Asian populations.

著者

山下 博司 山下 剛 Hiroshi YAMASHITA Takeshi YAMASHITA

出版者

東北大学大学院国際文化研究科

雑誌

国際文化研究科論集 (ISSN:13410857)

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, pp.123-136, 1995-12-20

著者

Chen Shaoqiang Dierre Benjamin Lee Woong Sekiguchi Takashi Tomita Shigeo Kudo Hiroshi Akimoto Katsuhiro

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Applied physics letters (ISSN:00036951)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.96, no.18, pp.181901, 2010

被引用文献数

32 12

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Erbium-doped GaN with different doping concentrations were grown by ammonia-source molecular beam epitaxy. The intra-4f-shell transitions related green luminescence were observed by both photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) measurements. It was found that concentration quenching of Er-related luminescence was observed in PL measurements while not in CL measurements. The different excitation and relaxation processes are suggested as the cause of the concentration quenching characteristics between PL and CL. The strong Er-related CL intensity in highly doped GaN demonstrates that high energy excitation is a promising approach to suppress the concentration quenching in Er-doped GaN.

著者

Tanaka Hisaaki Watanabe Shun-ichiro Ito Hiroshi Marumoto Kazuhiro Kuroda Shin-ichi

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Applied physics letters (ISSN:00036951)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.94, no.10, pp.103308, 2009-03

被引用文献数

33 17

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Charge carrier concentration in operating field-effect transistor (FET) of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) has been directly determined by electron spin resonance (ESR). ESR signals of field-induced polarons are observed around g=2.003 under the application of negative gate-source voltage (Vgs). Upon applying drain-source voltage (Vds), ESR intensity decreases linearly in the low Vds region, reaching to about 50% of the initial intensity at the pinch-off point (Vds~=Vgs). For larger absolute values of Vds, it becomes nearly Vds independent. These behaviors are well explained by the change in the carrier concentration obtained by the FET theory using gradual channel approximation.

著者

Uchida Noriyuki Mikami Youhei Kintoh Hiroshi Murakami Kouichi Fukata Naoki Mitome Masanori Hase Muneaki Kitajima Masahiro

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Applied physics letters (ISSN:00036951)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.15, pp.153112, 2008-04

被引用文献数

5

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We have developed a robust method for fabricating Si nanoregions in silica glass using femtosecond laser processing. We attained a vivid formation of silicon-rich nanoregions site-selectively generated in SiO2 by irradiation of femtosecond laser pulses to the interface of a SiO2 substrate and deposited aluminum (Al) thin film, where the Al element acts as a gettering site for O atoms. Growth of high-density Si nanocrystals and amorphous Si was observed by transmission electron microscopy in the region that was multiply irradiated with the femtosecond laser. Furthermore, local annealing with a cw laser enhances the Si nanocrystal growth, which was determined by micro-Raman measurements.

著者

Kimura Takeshi Geya Yuto Terada Yasuhiko Kose Katsumi Haishi Tomoyuki Gemma Hiroshi Sekozawa Yoshihiko

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Review of scientific instruments (ISSN:00346748)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.5, pp.053704, 2011-05

被引用文献数

48 12

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By combining a 0.3 T permanent magnet with flexible rotation and translation mechanism, a probe with a local electromagnetic shielding, several electrical units, a mobile lift, and an electric wagon, a mobile magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system was developed for outdoor tree measurements. 2D cross-sectional images of normal and diseased branches of a pear tree were acquired for measurements of T1, T2, proton density, and apparent diffusion constant (ADC). The ADC map clearly differentiated diseased from normal branches. A whole-day measurement of the ADC map demonstrated that microscopic water flow in the normal branch changed proportionally with solar radiation. Therefore, we have concluded that our mobile MRI system is a powerful tool for studies of plants in outdoor environments.

著者

モーツァルト = "Die Zauberflöte" : for piano / Mozart arrangement for piano by Hiroshi Aoshima

出版者

全音楽譜出版社

巻号頁・発行日

2010

著者

Kudo Akihiko Hirano Hiroshi

出版者

日本組織細胞化学会

雑誌

Acta histochemica et cytochemica (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.229-233, 1999

被引用文献数

5 6 8

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In histochemistry, image analysis has become quite common and is now regarded as a powerful tool that gives us semi-quantitative and precise interpretation on the obtained image data. However, image analysis itself is a time-consuming and laborious work, and so researches in the laboratory desire to make this task proceed as automatically as possible. In NIH Image and Adobe Photoshop^<【○!R】> software running on Power Macintosh computers, processes by automation are available in both programs, though they are quite different in each software. By use of both of these programs, the analysis processes become easier to set up. To automatically process the data, the suitable preprocessing of digital image data is required. That is, image processing programs are equipped with many processing programs, such as those for filtering, defining the threshold of images, or masking uninteresting areas. Additionally, a method for adequate labeling of the target substances and controlled conditions for the image digitization are always helpful.

著者

Doi Akihiro Nagira Hiroshi Kawakatu Nozomu Kino Motoki Nagai Hiroshi Asada Keiichi

出版者

IOP Publishing

雑誌

Astrophysical journal (ISSN:0004637X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.760, no.1, pp.41, 2012-11

被引用文献数

76

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We report the finding of kiloparsec (kpc)-scale radio structures in three radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters of the Very Large Array, which increases the number of known radio-loud NLS1s with kpc-scale structures to six, including two γ-ray-emitting NLS1s (PMN J0948+0022 and 1H 0323+342) detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The detection rate of extended radio emissions in NLS1s is lower than that in broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with a statistical significance. We found both core-dominated (blazar-like) and lobe-dominated (radio-galaxy-like) radio structures in these six NLS1s, which can be understood in the framework of the unified scheme of radio-loud AGNs that considers radio galaxies as non-beamed parent populations of blazars. Five of the six NLS1s have (1) extended radio luminosities suggesting jet kinetic powers of gsim 1044 erg s–1, which is sufficient to make jets escape from hosts' dense environments; (2) black holes of gsim 107 M ☉, which can generate the necessary jet powers from near-Eddington mass accretion; and (3) two-sided radio structures at kpc scales, requiring expansion rates of ~0.01c-0.3c and kinematic ages of gsim 107 years. On the other hand, most typical NLS1s would be driven by black holes of lsim 107 M ☉ in a limited lifetime of ~107 years. Hence, the kpc-scale radio structures may originate in a small window of opportunity during the final stage of the NLS1 phase just before growing into broad-line AGNs.

著者

INOUE HIROSHI

出版者

日本鱗翅学会

雑誌

蝶と蛾 (ISSN:00240974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.9-13, 1961-06-25

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Callidrepana hirayamai NAGANOヒラヤマカギバ このカギバは原記載(1918,昆虫世界,22:358,pl.12,f.7)で長野県木曾山産の1♂(1915年7月3日,平山修次郎採集)が記録されて以来全然引用されず,私は名和昆虫研究所でtype specimenをさがしたが見付けることができなかったので,日本産蝶蛾総目録,4:372,1956では「分類上の位置不明」として置いた.1960年の春からカギバガ科全体の再検討をはじめたところ,鹿児島県肝属郡田代村産の大型なCallidrepanaの1♂(1928年5月13日河田党採集)を入手したが,これはまぎれもなく野村(1937,九大農学部学芸雑誌,7:450,f.13)が屋久島からニューギニアのC. discipunctataの亜種として記録した♂(1936年11月15日)と同じ種だった.しかしCallidrepanaは東洋熱帯に多くの種が分布し,私にはとうてい正しい同定ができそうもないので,British MuseumのA.E.WATSON氏に標本を送り比較をお願いしたところ,恐らく新種であろうとの解答が来た.丁度私の標本が英国へ郵送されている間に,山本義丸氏から屋久島で採集された新種としてCallidrepana yakushimalis YAMAMOTOヤクシマカギバの原稿がTineaに投稿されたので,私は編集者としてこれを他の原稿と共に印刷所へ送った.更に昨年秋に国立科学博学館に送られて来た和歌山県串本の蛾のなかに体が虫害でなくなった同じカギバの1♂(1959年2月10日,森島千景採集)を見出し,前に述べた鹿児島の♂と共に,C. hirayamaiの原記載と読みくらペたところ,疑いもなくこの大型のCallidrepanaこそヒラヤマカギバであることが判明した.私がこの結論に達したときは,既にThiea,Vol.5,No.2の印刷が進行してしまい,山本氏の新種を取り消すことができなくて,残念ながらそのまま発表されてしまった(1960,Tinea,5(2):334,f.1-3).以上のような経過でヒラヤマカギバは,屋久島・九州南部及び本州南半の太平洋側に分布していることがわかったので,今後更に各地から発見されることが期待される.Oreta pur purata INOUEインドガギバ このカギバは長野(1917,昆虫世界,21:460,465:1917,名和昆虫研究所報告,2:129,pl.3,f.14)によって九州からO. extensa WALKERインドカギバとして記録された.そのご松村(1927,北大農学部紀要,19:45,pl.4,f.7)は台湾産の1♂に基ずいてO. extensa ab. fuscopurpurea という「異常型」を発表し,これはPsiloreta extensa f. fuscopurpureaタイワンキオビカギバとして昆虫大図鑑:746,1931に引用されている.Oretaの仲間もCallidrepanaと同じように東洋熱帯に栄えている属で同定がむずかしいので,WATSON氏にジャワ産の「真の」extensaを借用して日本産とくらペたところ,四国や九州のインドカギバが外観でも雄交尾器の形でも全然別の種であることがわかった.更に昨年秋に北海道大学農学部でfuscopurpureaのtypeを調べたが,これは日本のインドカギバと同じであった.異常型として発表された学名は種あるいは亜種名としての先取権をもたないので,ここに改めて新種として記載した.最近インドカギバをO. extensa fuscopurpurea MATSUMURAという亜種としているのは,私(1956,蝶蛾総目録,4:370)が何も根拠なしに,ab(又はf.)をsubsp .に変えたためで,亜種に昇格させるペき理由は誰も述べていない.なお,台湾にはインドカギバのほか真のO. extensa WALKERも分布している.インドカギバも暖地の蛾で,分布図に示した通り,四国の南半から九州に分布していて,ヒラヤマカギバよりもはるかに沢山採集されている.

著者

公文 溥 Kumon Hiroshi

出版者

法政大学社会学部学会

雑誌

社会志林 (ISSN:13445952)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.1-15, 2012-12

著者

Masao Yoshinaga Yoshiaki Kato Yuichi Nomura Daisuke Hazeki Toshiaki Yasuda Kazuhiro Takahashi Takashi Higaki Yuji Tanaka Akihiro Wada Hitoshi Horigome Hideto Takahashi Kentaro Ueno Hiroshi Suzuki Masami Nagashima

出版者

日本不整脈学会

雑誌

Journal of Arrhythmia (ISSN:18804276)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.193-201, 2011-07-25 (Released:2011-08-26)

参考文献数

27

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Background: Electrocardiographic and molecular studies have clarified an association between sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and long QT syndrome (LQTS), and few data are available for the QT interval in infancy from birth to 1 year of age. Appropriate time of electrocardiographic screening is not clarified. Medical examinations during infancy are mandatory in Japan.Methods and Results: The study population included 1,058 infants. Electrocardiograms were collected with information of infants at birth and at examination. The QT intervals of three consecutive beats were measured in lead V5. Statistical analysis revealed that the following formula was appropriate to minimize the effect of heart rate for infants: corrected QT interval; QTc = QT interval/RR interval0.43. Subjects were divided into four groups as follows: 0–2, 3–6, 6–11, and 12–52 weeks of age. Tukey’s multiple comparison showed that the QTc intervals were longest (p<0.0001) in subjects who were 6–11 weeks of age.Conclusions: The QTc interval showed the highest peak at 6–11 weeks of age in infancy. The peak period of occurrence of SIDS is at approximately 2 months of age. An appropriate time of electrocardiographic screening for QT prolongation will be one month of age, and follow-up studies are needed.