著者

Masato MORI Masahide KIMOTO Masayoshi ISHII Satoru YOKOI Takashi MOCHIZUKI Yoshimitsu CHIKAMOTO Masahiro WATANABE Toru NOZAWA Hiroaki TATEBE Takashi T. SAKAMOTO Yoshiki KOMURO Yukiko IMADA Hiroshi KOYAMA

出版者

(公社)日本気象学会

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.4, pp.431-452, 2013 (Released:2013-09-06)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

5 14

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In line with the experimental design for near-term climate prediction toward the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we perform ensembles of initialized decadal hindcast and near-future projection using three versions of the coupled atmosphere-ocean model MIROC. In the present study, we explore interannual and multiyear predictability of tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the western North Pacific (WNP) using the initialized hindcasts and examine global warming impacts on TC activity in the near-future on the basis of near-future projections up to 2035. The hindcasts of year-to-year variation in TC number capture the observed values reasonably well. Moreover, interannual variability of TC genesis and occurrence frequency associated with the El Niño Southern Oscillation are found to be predictable, mainly through better prediction of sea surface temperature (SST) and large-scale vorticity anomalies in the lower troposphere. These results indicate that the models can reproduce the major basic mechanisms that link TC genesis with large-scale circulation. Skillful prediction of TC number is likely difficult on multiyear timescales, at least based on our hindcasts, but through initializations, the three-year-mean hindcasts from 1998 onward reasonably capture observed major characteristics of TC activity associated with Pacific climate shift during the late 1990s. Near-future projections (2016-2035) suggest significant reductions (approximately 14%) in TC number, particularly over the western part of the WNP, even under scenarios in which projected global warming is less prominent than that at the end of this century. This reduction is likely due to the suppression of large-scale lower tropospheric vorticity and relative humidity and the enhancement of vertical wind shear. The projected SST exhibits a more pronounced warming over the eastern tropical Pacific than over the western region and accompanies the weakening of Walker circulation via redistribution of tropical convection activity, which appears to be responsible for the change in the large-scale fields in the WNP.

著者

寺岡 寛 Hiroshi Teraoka 中京大学経営学部

出版者

中京大学経営学会

雑誌

中京経営研究 = Chukyo keiei kenkyu (ISSN:09199209)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.275-284, 2003-02-01

著者

Yasuhiro Maejima Kiyoshi Nobori Yuichi Ono Susumu Adachi Jun-ichi Suzuki Kenzo Hirao Mitsuaki Isobe Hiroshi Ito for the Heart Failure by Coadministration of Statin and Angiotensin-II Receptor Blocker (HF-COSTAR) Trial Investigators

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.3, pp.589-595, 2011 (Released:2011-02-25)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

5 11

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Background: It is known that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) may have a therapeutic benefit in patients with heart failure (HF). However, no studies have yet evaluated the possible interaction of statins and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) on left ventricular (LV) function in patients with HF. We hypothesized that statins might alter the effect of ARBs on cardiac function in patients with HF. Methods and Results: We prospectively randomized patients with chronic HF who received the ARB, losartan (LOS group), or the statin, simvastatin (SIM), in combination with LOS (SIM+LOS group) at our hospitals and assessed before and after treatment for 6 months. Although no significant improvement of HF symptoms as evaluated by the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification was observed in the LOS group, HF symptoms in the SIM+LOS group significantly improved. The percent increase of LV ejection fraction after treatment in the SIM+LOS group was significantly larger than in the LOS group. Furthermore, the plasma brain natriuretic peptide level was significantly lower after treatment in the SIM+LOS group than in the LOS group. Conclusions: Combined statin and ARB therapy significantly improves both symptoms and LV function over time in patients with HF. Thus, the combination of an ARB with a statin may be a useful therapeutic strategy for HF. (Circ J 2011; 75: 589-595)

著者

Hagiya Keiichi Takahashi Hiroshi Isaka Yumi Inomata Shinichi Tanaka Makoto

出版者

Elsevier

雑誌

Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia (ISSN:10530770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.5, pp.925-932, 2013-10

被引用文献数

4

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ObjectiveAcidosis produces a negative inotropic effect on cardiac muscle against which catecholamines and phosphodiesterase III inhibitors have limited therapeutic effects. This study evaluated the effects of colforsin, which directly activates adenylate cyclase without β-adrenergic receptor activation, in isolated Langendorff rat hearts in a pH- and concentration-dependent manner.DesignExperimental animal study.SettingA university laboratory.ParticipantsSprague-Dawley rats.InterventionsHearts were isolated and perfused with 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid/Tyrode solution (pH 7.4) in the Langendorff preparation. The hearts were assigned randomly to the control (pH 7.4), mild acidosis (pH 7.0), or severe acidosis (pH 6.6) group (n = 8 per group) and were perfused continuously with colforsin 10−7, 10−6, and 10−5 mol/L.Measurements and Main ResultsMaximum dP/dt was determined, and the concentration-response relation was evaluated at each pH. Colforsin at 10−6 mol/L increased the maximum dP/dt from 2,592 ± 557 to 5,189 ± 721 mmHg/s (p < 0.001) and from 1,942 ± 325 to 3,399 ± 608 mmHg/s (p < 0.001) in the control and mild acidosis groups, respectively; whereas colforsin, 10−5 mol/L, significantly increased the maximum dP/dt even in the severe acidosis group. No significant difference was seen in maximum dP/dt among the 3 groups after infusion with colforsin 10−5 mol/L.ConclusionsIn contrast to catecholamines and other inodilators, colforsin at a high concentration restores decreased cardiac contractility against severe acidosis to an extent similar to physiologic pH.

著者

Toyokazu KOBAYASHI Hiroshi KOIE Akiko KUSUMI Masato KITAGAWA Kiichi KANAYAMA Kazuya OTSUJI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0397, (Released:2013-11-11)

被引用文献数

13

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In small animal veterinary practices, body condition score (BCS) is generally used to diagnose obesity. However, BCS does not constitute objective data. In this study, we investigated the value of using human body fat analysis software for male dogs. We also compared changes in body fat after neutering. Changes in body fat at the time of neutering (age 1 year) and 1 year later were compared by performing CT scanning and using human body fat analysis software. We found that body fat increased in all the individuals tested. In terms of the site of fat accumulation, subcutaneous fat was more pronounced than visceral fat, with a marked increase on the dorsal side of the abdomen rather than the thorax.

著者

志村 洋 Hiroshi Shimura

雑誌

人文論究 (ISSN:02866773)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, pp.1-23, 2012-12-10 (Released:2016-12-01)

著者

HUANG Min Li LEE Jin SETIAWAN Hendra OCHI Hiroshi PARK Sin-Chong

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE transactions on communications (ISSN:09168516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.4, pp.948-960, 2010-04-01

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 2

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With the growing demand for high-performance multimedia applications over wireless channels, we need to develop a Medium Access Control (MAC) system that supports high throughput and quality of service enhancements. This paper presents the standard analysis, design architecture and design issues leading to the implementation of an IEEE 802.11e based MAC system that supports MAC throughput of over 100Mbps. In order to meet the MAC layer timing constraints, a hardware/software co-design approach is adopted. The proposed MAC architecture is implemented on the Xilinx Virtex-II Pro Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) (XC2VP70-5FF1704C) prototype, and connected to a host computer through an external Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface. The total FPGA resource utilization is 11, 508 out of 33, 088 (34%) available slices. The measured MAC throughput is 100.7Mbps and 109.2Mbps for voice and video access categories, transmitted at a data rate of 260Mbps based on IEEE 802.11n Physical Layer (PHY), using the contention-based hybrid coordination function channel access mechanism.

著者

Soh Yoshida Hiroshi Okada Takahiro Ogawa Miki Haseyama

出版者

映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications (ISSN:21867364)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.3, pp.237-243, 2013 (Released:2013-07-01)

参考文献数

19

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This paper presents a new method to improve performance of SVM-based classification, which contains a target object detection scheme. The proposed method tries to detect target objects from training images and improve the performance of the image classification by calculating the hyperplane from the detection results. Specifically, the proposed method calculates a Support Vector Machine (SVM) hyperplane, and detects rectangular areas surrounding the target objects based on the distances between their feature vectors and the separating hyperplane in the feature space. Then modification of feature vectors becomes feasible by removing features that exist only in background areas. Furthermore, a new hyperplane is calculated by using the modified feature vectors. Since the removed features are not part of the target object, they are not relevant to the learning process. Therefore, their removal can improve the performance of the image classification. Experimental results obtained by applying the proposed methods to several existing SVM-based classification method show its effectiveness.

著者

Kishino Shigenobu Takeuchi Michiki Park Si-Bum Hirata Akiko Kitamura Nahoko Kunisawa Jun Kiyono Hiroshi Iwamoto Ryo Isobe Yosuke Arita Makoto Arai Hiroyuki Ueda Kazumitsu Shima Jun Takahashi Satomi Yokozeki Kenzo Shimizu Sakayu Ogawa Jun

出版者

National Academy of Sciences

雑誌

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (ISSN:10916490)

巻号頁・発行日

2013-10-14

被引用文献数

287

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腸内細菌の脂肪酸代謝を解明 -腸内細菌と食事のバランスによる生活習慣病予防への新たな視点-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-10-15.

著者

Calvino Martin Kamada Hiroshi Mizoguchi Tsuyoshi

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology

雑誌

Plant biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.179-183, 2005-09-01

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

9 4

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Plants in the genus <i>Arabidopsis</i> are facultative LD plants that flower much earlier under LD conditions than SD regimens, with the photoperiod (or LD) pathway contributing to floral acceleration. <i>LHY</i> and <i>CCA1</i> genes, among other factors, have central roles in the circadian clock of <i>Arabidopsis</i>, which plays a key role in measuring day length. <i>GI</i> gene mediates the circadian clock and floral activator genes, <i>CO</i> and <i>FT</i>, to control photoperiodic flowering. <i>GI</i> is required to set the peak phase of <i>CO</i> expression at the end of the light period under LD conditions, so that the <i>CO</i> protein is stabilized and activated by light to increase <i>FT</i> expression. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the role of SDs is not solely to switch off CO activity. For example, GI interacts with SPY, a negative regulator of the GA signal. The flowering times of <i>gi</i> mutants were still significantly later under SD conditions than LD regimes, which suggests that <i>GI</i> has a potential role in accelerating the start of flowering, even under SDs. Over-expression of either <i>FT</i> or <i>TSF</i> genes caused early flowering, and the acceleration of flowering was enhanced under SDs, suggesting that SDs have an additional role to that in the <i>LHY</i>/<i>CCA1</i>-<i>GI</i>-<i>CO</i>-<i>FT</i> pathway. In this short review, we discuss the hidden roles of SDs in controlling flowering based on recent studies of the molecular genetics of flowering time in <i>Arabidopsis</i>.

著者

Hiroshi Matsuo Takashi Ogihara Hitoshi Aikiyo Shigenobu Yamanaka

出版者

Asian Electric Vehicle Society

雑誌

Journal of Asian Electric Vehicles (ISSN:13483927)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.1333-1336, 2009 (Released:2010-01-29)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

1 1

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The running test of railcar was examined using large lithium ion battery in the local line in Japan. 90 kWh of Mn type lithium ion battery was used. The relation between running time and voltage, current and integrating watt was investigated in detail. The railcar was run when the lithium ion battery module was discharged between 660 V and 480 V. The use of lithium ion battery had little voltage changes and enabled the smooth running compared with contact-wire type railcar. On one charge, it was also found from the running test that the railcar could run for about 40 km and the mileage improved 9 %. The running performance of lithium ion battery type railcar was equivalent to the contact-wire type railcar. It was found that the railcar powered by lithium ion battery was effective for the replace of diesel type railcar in the local line.

著者

Yoji Urabe Hideya Yamamoto Toshiro Kitagawa Hiroto Utsunomiya Hiroshi Tsushima Fuminari Tatsugami Kazuo Awai Yasuki Kihara

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.10, pp.2578-2585, 2013 (Released:2013-09-25)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

11 16

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Background: Intensive lipid-lowering therapy with statins reduces cardiovascular events, but residual cardiovascular risks remain. Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been associated with cardiovascular events. We examined the relationships between serum n-3 PUFAs and coronary atherosclerotic findings on computed tomography angiography (CTA) in patients undergoing statin treatment. Methods and Results: We enrolled 172 subjects (mean age: 68.2 years; 64% men) prior to statin treatment for 6 months. Serum PUFAs, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid, were measured. When the patients were divided into 2 groups according to the median EPA level (61.3μg/ml), the low-EPA group showed higher incidences of 3-vessel plaque involvement (62% vs. 43%, P=0.015), noncalcified plaques (NCPs) (74% vs. 52%, P=0.0016), extensive NCPs (≥2 segments) (56% vs. 34%, P=0.0036), and high-risk plaques (minimum CT density <39HU and remodeling index >1.05) (43% vs. 22%, P=0.0034). Multivariate analyses revealed that low EPA levels were an independent factor for these coronary plaque findings. The DHA levels were not independently associated with these findings. Conclusions: Low serum EPA level, but not serum DHA, is associated with the presence and extent of NCPs and high-risk plaques detected by coronary CTA in patients undergoing lipid-lowering therapy with statins.  (Circ J 2013; 77: 2578–2585)

著者

Kobayashi Kiwa Arai Miyako Tanaka Atsushi Matsuyama Shigeru Honda Hiroshi Ohsawa Ryo

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.293-302, 2012-12

被引用文献数

23

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Floral scent attracts pollinators. We investigated the floral scent compounds recognized by pollinators in six Brassica crop species, including allogamous species with different genomes and autogamous species with two parental genomes and radish (Raphanus sativus). Biologically active compounds recognized by honeybees were screened from all floral compounds by combined gas chromatography–electroantennogram analysis and their profiles were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Fourteen of the 52 compounds were active. All accessions had more than two active compounds, but the compounds greatly differed between the two genera. On the basis of similarities in whether active compounds were presence or absence, their amount and their composition ratio, we divided the Brassica accessions into three to five groups by cluster analyses. Most groups were composed of a mixture of allogamous and autogamous species sharing same genome, indicating that the variation depended on genome, not species. These results suggest that all species require pollinator visits for reproduction, despite their different reproductive systems. However, the inter-genus and intra-specific variations shown by the multiple groups within a species might cause different visitation frequencies by pollinators between genera and among accessions within a species, resulting in insufficient seed production in some accessions or species.

著者

志村 洋 Hiroshi Shimura

出版者

関西学院大学人文学会

雑誌

人文論究 (ISSN:02866773)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, pp.1-23, 2012-12

著者

Ito Hiroshi Maeda Tetsuhiko Nakano Akihiro Hwang Chul Min Ishida Masayoshi Kato Atsushi Yoshida Tetsuya

出版者

Elsevier Ltd.

雑誌

International journal of hydrogen energy (ISSN:03603199)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.9, pp.7418-7428, 2012-05

被引用文献数

132 11

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Experimentalstudy on proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer was carried out focusing on the effect of pore structural properties of currentcollectors, such as porosity and pore diameter. Various titanium (Ti)-felt substrates with different porosities and pore diameters (measured by capillary flow porometry) were used as the anode currentcollector. Results show that when the mean pore diameter of the currentcollector was larger than 10 μm, the electrolysis performance improved with decreasing pore diameter. In contrast, changes in porosity had no significant effect on the cell performance when the porosity exceeded 0.50. The flow pattern of two-phase flow in the flow channel was discussed in terms of its relationship to bubble size and to pore diameter of the currentcollector. Finally, correlation between the calculated membrane resistance and the measured pore diameter of the currentcollectors suggest that larger bubbles generated from larger pores tend to become long bubbles in the channel, thus hindering the water supply to the membrane.

著者

Noriyuki Tsuchida Taiji Kawahata Eiichiro Ishimaru Akihiko Takahashi Hiroshi Suzuki Takahisa Shobu

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

ISIJ International (ISSN:09151559)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.7, pp.1260-1267, 2013 (Released:2013-08-20)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

3 26

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To investigate the tensile deformation behavior of a lean duplex stainless steel (S32101) from the viewpoints of plastic deformability among phases or grains, we performed static tensile tests, in situ neutron diffraction, and white x-ray diffraction experiments at room temperature. In the static tensile tests, the S32101 steel displayed a larger uniform elongation and a better tensile strength–uniform elongation balance than a commercial SUS329J4L duplex stainless steel. A larger uniform elongation of S32101 is associated with the macroscopic work hardening behavior that a work hardening rate higher than the flow stress can maintain up until high true strains. From the experimental results of synchrotron radiation white x-ray diffraction experiments, the hard phase of S32101 was changed from the ferrite (α) phase to austenite (γ) one during tensile deformation. This led to a larger stress partitioning between the phases at the latter stage of deformation. From the experimental results of in situ neutron diffraction, it was found that the stress partitioning of the γ phase in the S32101 was the largest among the present results. Therefore, the larger work hardening rate of S32101 can be explained by the large stress partitioning of the γ phase, that between γ and α phases and γ volume fraction.

著者

Sue Yee LIM Kensuke NAKAMURA Keitaro MORISHITA Noboru SASAKI Masahiro MURAKAMI Tatsuyuki OSUGA Hiroshi OHTA Masahiro YAMASAKI Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0199, (Released:2013-08-13)

被引用文献数

6 17

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Quantitative contrast enhanced ultrasound is a major breakthrough for ultrasound imaging in recent years. However, contrast enhancement of the pancreas is brief with bolus injection. To assess if continuous infusion of Sonazoid® can prolong the duration of pancreatic enhancement over bolus injections, eight adult dogs received bolus injection and continuous infusion of Sonazoid® on separate days. Contrast enhanced ultrasound of the pancreatic parenchyma and proximal descending duodenum was performed, and time intensity curves reflecting tissue perfusions were generated. Perfusion parameters- time to initial upslope, peak time, time to wash-out and peak intensity were calculated and evaluated. Fast wash-in to intense peak, followed by rapid wash-out was observed for time intensity curves of bolus injection. With continuous infusion, contrast wash-in to peak intensity was gradual, followed by long plateau and slow wash-out. Median contrast enhancement durations of the pancreas and duodenum were significantly prolonged by continuous infusion from 11 sec (range, 10 to 23 sec) and 16 sec (range, 3 to 43 sec) at bolus injection to 205 sec (range, 170 to 264 sec, P<0.01) and 193 sec (range, 169 to 216 sec, P<0.05), respectively. Median peak intensity of the pancreas was 100.9 MPV (range, 80.2 to 124.3 MPV) at bolus injection and 77.6 MPV (range, 58.2 to 99.5 MPV, P<0.05) at continuous infusion. Prolonged continuous imaging is afforded by continuous infusion of contrast agent. Peak intensity of the pancreas was slightly diminished in continuous infusion, but offered adequate imaging subjectively.

著者

Takatsu Hiroshi Ishikawa Jun J. Yonezawa Shingo Yoshino Harukazu Shishidou Tatsuya Oguchi Tamio Murata Keizo Maeno Yoshiteru

出版者

American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical Review Letters (ISSN:00319007)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.5, 2013-08

被引用文献数

89

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単純な金属を磁気センサーに応用できる新メカニズムの発見. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-07-31.

著者

Isozaki Hiroshi

出版者

日本数学会

雑誌

數學 (ISSN:0039470X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.113-130, 2007-04

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量子力学における3体問題と境界値逆問題に関する最近の話題について解説する. 3体問題の連続スペクトルに対応する固有函数展開定理と, 双曲幾何学の境界値逆問題への応用が主題である.

著者

Yosuke AMAGAI Akane TANAKA Akira MATSUDA Kumiko OIDA Kyungsook JUNG Sho NISHIKAWA Hyosun JANG Saori ISHIZAKA Hiroshi MATSUDA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.7, pp.971-974, 2013 (Released:2013-07-31)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 4

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Myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (MCL1) is a potent antiapoptotic protein that plays a critical role in cell survival and drug resistance in various cancers. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of MCL1 in mast cell tumors (MCTs) has not been investigated in dogs. Here, we detected increased MCL1 expression in MCT cell lines, regardless of the presence of a c-kit mutation. MCL1 expression increased when the cells were exposed to specific inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase or Janus kinase-signaling pathways, thus protecting the cells from apoptosis, but not when KIT or phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase signaling cascades were inhibited. These results indicate that MCL1 expression may contribute to MCT survival and confer drug resistance.