著者

川井 啓市 劉 輝雄 施 壽全 楊 國郷 翁 昭紋 林 肇堂 王 正一 王 徳宏 渡辺 能行 山口 俊晴 土橋 康成 高橋 俊雄 CHUAN Shin-Shou YANG Kuo-Ching MIN Weng-Chao LIN Jaw-Town WANG Cheng-Yi WANG Teh-Hong LIU Hui-Hsiung 青池 晟

出版者

京都府立医科大学

雑誌

国際学術研究

巻号頁・発行日

1991

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十二指腸潰瘍が胃潰瘍よりも多く,かつ胃瘍が少ない沖繩県に隣接する台湾でも十二指潰腸瘍が胃潰瘍より多いといわれており,台湾における胃癌や大腸癌の実態を明かにし,その発生要因を検討するのが本研究の目的である。記述疫学的に死亡統計をみてみると,台湾では,男で胃癌の漸減傾向,直腸癌と結腸癌の増加傾向が,女で胃癌の減少傾向,結腸癌の漸減傾向,直腸癌の漸増傾向がみられたのに対して,日本では男で台湾と同様の推移が,女で胃癌が減少傾向,直腸癌が漸減傾向,結腸癌が増加傾向を示していた。また,日本では結腸癌の増加傾向が著しいが,台湾では過去15年間に一貫して結腸癌の方が直腸癌よりも高率であり,いわゆる欧米的なパターンを呈していたことが強調される。臨床統計として台湾大学医学院内科において1992年1年間に診断したすべての胃癌患者は男52例,女30例,合計82例であった。同様に大腸癌は男22例,女18例,合計40例であった。大腸癌の部位は結腸癌23例(男11例,女12例),直腸癌17例(男11例,女6例)と,男では結腸癌と直腸癌は同数であったが,女と合計では結腸癌の方が多かった。1990年1年間の京都府立医大・第一外学教室で新たに診療したすべての胃癌患者は男73例,女38例,合計111例であった。同様に大腸癌は男20例,女13例,合計33例であった。その部位は結腸癌15例(男8例,女7例),直腸癌18例(男12例,女6例)で,直腸癌の方が多かった。台湾におけるこれらの胃癌の組織型をみてみると,well differentiated adenocarcinoma10%,moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma15%,poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma45%,signet ring cell carcioma11%,その他9%不明11%であった。同様に台湾の大腸癌の組織型は,well differentiated adenocarcinoma 5%,moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma48%,poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma3%,詳細不明のadenocarcinoma38%,その他8%であった。このような組織型はわが国における実験と大差なかった。1991年12月より台湾大学医学院内科他3施設において内視鏡検査受診者に対するライフスタイルなどの調査を開始した。1993年1月末現在で上部消化管内視鏡検査受診者7856人と大腸内視鏡検査受診者589人分の資料を収集した。最終的に胃癌患者は約100例,大腸癌患者は約50例になる予定である。このうち,既に整理の終わった胃癌患者30例と大腸癌患者24例の資料を用いて分析疫学の症例・対照研究の手法で台湾における胃癌と大腸癌のリスク・ファクターの検討を行った。解析に用いた胃癌症例は男18例,女12例,合計30例である。対照は上部消化管内視鏡検査で著変なかった男47例,女156例,合計203例である。これらの対象の既往歴,癌の家族歴,飲酒,喫煙及び食餌習慣について性・年齢階級の絞絡を補正するためにMantel-Haenzel法によって各要因単独の暴露ありのオッズ比を求めた。その結果,統計学的に10%以上の有意水準で有意であった要因について,相互の絞絡を補正するために多変量解析のunconditional logistic regression analysisを用いて解析した。高血圧の既往があることとのオッズ比は0.02であり,香辛料を週に2-3回以上摂取することのオッズ比は0.07でともに有意に胃癌のリスを下げていた。同様に大腸癌症例男13例,女11例,合計24例と大腸内視鏡検査で著変なかった対照の男47例,女60例,合計107例について単独の要因について解析した。牛肉を週を1-2回以上摂取することは有意に大腸癌のリスクを0.30に下げ,塩からい食品を毎日摂取することは有意に大腸癌のリスク3.52倍高めていた。なお,大腸癌については少数例であり多変量解析は行えなかった。この結果の評価については,最終的に収集できた全胃癌症例と大腸癌症例を用いて行う予定である。また,背景の遺伝子の解析としてPGC RFLPパターンは台湾の胃潰瘍では前庭部と他部位で異なっていた。

著者

Xuan Zhu Chunqing Wu Yuhua Tang Junjie Wu Xun Yi

出版者

一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会

雑誌

IEICE Electronics Express (ISSN:13492543)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.5, pp.20130013-20130013, 2013-03-05 (Released:2013-03-05)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

4

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Utilizing memristor to obtain multi-level memory in nano-crossbar is a promising approach to enhance the memory density. In this paper, we proposed a solution for multi-level programming of memristor in nanocrossbar, which can be implemented on nanocrossbar without the need for extra selective devices. Meanwhile, using a general device model, this solution is demonstrated to be adaptive to a wide range of memristors that have been experimentally fabricated through HSPICE simulation.

著者

Shih-Yi Lin Cheng-Li Lin Wu-Huei Hsu I-Kuan Wang Chiz-Chung Chang Chiu-Ching Huang Chia-Hung Kao Shu-Hui Liu Fung-Chang Sung

出版者

(公社)日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.158-166, 2013 (Released:2013-10-04)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1 8

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Background: Physicians are frequently studied as a population that experiences extremely high stress, burnout, and prolonged working hours that might harm one's health. However, they have sound medical knowledge and have easy access to medical resources. We studied the incidence of cancer among Taiwanese physicians using a nationwide cohort study design. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Taiwan. The physician cohort contained 22,309 physicians, and each physician was randomly frequency-matched according to age and sex with 4 people from the general population. Results: The overall incidence ratio of cancer was 27% lower in the physician cohort than in the nonphysician comparison cohort (33.9 vs. 46.5 people per 10,000 person-years, crude hazard ratio (HR)=0.73, 95% CI=0.70, 0.76). The adjusted HR was 0.78 (95% CI=0.72, 0.84). Female physicians experienced a higher incidence rate ratio of overall cancer, compared to male physicians (crude HR=1.17, 95% CI=1.03, 1.33 vs. crude HR=0.70, 95% CI=0.67, 0.74, respectively). Physicians were at a significantly higher risk of thyroid cancer (HR 1.75, 95% CI=1.14, 2.68), prostate cancer (HR=1.54, 95% CI=1.21, 1.97), breast cancer (HR=1.45, 95% CI=1.00, 2.09), and non-cervical gynecological cancer (HR=4.03, 95% CI=1.77, 9.17), compared with the general population. Conclusions: Physicians are at lower overall risk of cancer than the general population, apart from cancer of the thyroid, prostate, breast, and non-cervical gynecological cancer.(J Occup Health 2013; 55: 158–166)

著者

Wang Xiaowei Chini Michael Cheng Yan Wu Yi Tong Xiao-Min Chang Zenghu

出版者

The American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical review A (ISSN:10502947)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.6, pp.063413, 2013-06

被引用文献数

49 7

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The dynamics of an atom in a strong infrared laser field (1013 W/cm2) result in substantial changes to the field-free electronic energy levels, which can be probed on time scales shorter than the laser cycle using isolated attosecond pulses. Here, we measure the transient absorption of an isolated attosecond pulse by laser-dressed bound states of neon near the first ionization threshold. The observed subcycle changes in the absorption spectrum result from both laser-induced ac Stark shifts and from quantum interferences between different multiphoton excitation pathways. We further demonstrate the ability to experimentally turn off the quantum interference mechanism by eliminating one of the interfering pathways.

著者

Medel Manuel L Zulueta Shu-Yi Lin Shang-Cheng Hung

出版者

FCCA(Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age)

雑誌

Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology (ISSN:09157352)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.144, pp.141-158, 2013 (Released:2013-07-25)

参考文献数

79

被引用文献数

7 13

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ヘパリンおよびヘパラン硫酸 (HS) は、複雑な骨格を持つ多糖であり、多くのタンパク質の活性を媒介・調節している。それらのタンパク質は、多様な硫酸化パターンで修飾された繰返し2糖骨格を持つ糖鎖と相互作用する。相互作用に関する分子レベルの詳細な知見は、新しい形態の診断薬や治療薬の開発に役立つと期待される。ヘパリンおよびHS骨格オリゴ糖の化学合成は、構造活性相関研究のための構造が明確な試料の入手を容易とするため、非常に重要である。しかしながら、化学合成においてもいくつかの課題に直面することが多い。いくつかの課題とは、例えば、希少なL-イドース/L-イズロン酸誘導体の入手、グルコサミンのグリコシル化反応におけるα-立体選択性、糖鎖の伸長法、位置選択的な硫酸基の導入を含む保護基の選択とその取り扱い、天然のヘパリンおよびHS鎖に相当する充分な多様性を持った化合物群の効率的な調製である。本総説は上記の課題に取り組んだ私達の成果に焦点をおきながら、これまで研究されてきた解決策を簡潔にまとめる。さらに、合成した糖鎖を用いた生物学的アッセイの結果についても簡単に述べる。

著者

Lin Lin Wan Chunli Liu Xiang Lee Duu-Jong Lei Zhongfang Zhang Yi Hwa Tay Joo

出版者

Elsevier Ltd.

雑誌

Bioresource technology (ISSN:09608524)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, pp.302-308, 2013-05

被引用文献数

51

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Effects of initial pH (3–12) on mesophilic hydrolysis and acidification reactions of swine manure was studied. The initial pH changed the microbial community in the suspension so as to affect hydrolysis and acidification reactions on swine manure. At pH 10–12 the Clostridium alkalicellum and/or Corynebacterium humireducens were enriched and the soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), proteins and carbohydrates from manure were increased in quantities. In particular, at pH 10 the VFA concentration peaked at 13,600 mg-COD/L, with acetate and propionate accounting for 71.8% of the total VFAs. Acidic environment facilitates release of ammonium from manure. The Butyricimonas sp. was found existing at initial pH 5 which led to accumulated quantities of butyrate. Initial pH adjustment was revealed to be an effective way to manipulate rates and end products of hydrolysis and acidification of swine manure.

著者

Shih-Yi Lin Cheng-Li Lin Wu-Huei Hsu I-Kuan Wang Chiz-Chung Chang Chiu-Chin Huang Chia-Hung Kao Shu-Hui Liu

出版者

(公社)日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0263-OA, (Released:2013-04-09)

被引用文献数

1 8

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Background: Physicians are frequently studied as a population that experiences extremely high stress, burnout, and prolonged working hours that might harm one’s health. However, they have sound medical knowledge and have easy access to medical resources. We studied the incidence of cancer among Taiwanese physicians using a nationwide cohort study design. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Taiwan. The physician cohort contained 22,309 physicians, and each physician was randomly frequency-matched according to age and sex with 4 people from the general population. Results: The overall incidence ratio of cancer was 27% lower in the physician cohort than in the nonphysician comparison cohort (33.9 vs. 46.5 people per 10,000 person-years, crude hazard ratio (HR) = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.70, 0.76). The adjusted HR was 0.78 (95% CI = 0.72, 0.84). Female physicians experienced a higher incidence rate ratio of overall cancer, compared to male physicians (crude HR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.33 vs crude HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.67, 0.74, respectively). Physicians were at a significantly higher risk of thyroid cancer (HR 1.75, 95% CI = 1.14, 2.68), prostate cancer (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.21, 1.97), breast cancer (HR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.00, 2.09), and non-cervical gynecological cancer (HR = 4.03, 95% CI = 1.77, 9.17), compared with the general population. Conclusion: Physicians are at lower overall risk of cancer than the general population, apart from cancer of the thyroid, prostate, breast, and non-cervical gynecological cancer.

著者

Lei Zhongfang Wu Ting Zhang Yi Liu Xiang Wan Chunli Lee Duu-Jong Tay Joo-Hwa

出版者

Elsevier Ltd.

雑誌

Bioresource technology (ISSN:09608524)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.128, pp.774-778, 2013-01

被引用文献数

15 1

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Soil infiltration treatment (SIT) is ineffective to treat ammonium wastewaters of total nitrogen (TN) > 100 mg l−1. This study applied a novel two-stage SIT process for effective TN removal from wastewaters of TN > 100 mg l−1 and of chemical oxygen demand (COD)/TN ratio of 3.2–8.6. The wastewater was first fed into the soil column (stage 1) at hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of 0.06 m3 m−2 d−1 for COD removal and total phosphorus (TP) immobilization. Then the effluent from stage 1 was fed individually into four soil columns (stage 2) at 0.02 m3 m−2 d−1 of HLR with different proportions of raw wastewater as additional carbon source. Over the one-year field test, balanced nitrification and denitrification in the two-stage SIT revealed excellent TN removal (>90%) from the tested wastewaters.

著者

Lin Lin Lei Zhongfang Wang Li Liu Xiang Zhang Yi Wan Chunli Lee Duu-Jong Tay Joo Hwa

出版者

Elsevier B.V.

雑誌

Separation and purification technology (ISSN:13835866)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, pp.15-20, 2013-01

被引用文献数

236 19

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Zeolites, microporous aluminosilicate minerals, have high affinity to ammonium in water. This study explored the mechanisms of ammonium adsorption onto natural zeolite and NaCl-modified counterpart under different ammonium levels (10–4000 mg-N/L) and initial pH 3.4–11.1. Ion exchange dominated the ammonium adsorption process near neutral pH, with the order of exchange selectivity following Na+ > Ca2+ > K+ > Mg2+. At high ammonium levels, Ca2+ exceeded Na+ as the dominant ions for ammonium adsorption. Conversely, in strong alkaline solutions, molecular adsorption suppressed ion exchange in ammonium adsorption. NaCl modification effectively increased ammonium adsorption capacity by increasing the Na contents in zeolite and by modifying the surface morphology to enhance film mass transfer rate. The modified zeolite presents a potential adsorbent to reduce ammonium concentration in landfill leachates, livestock wastewaters or effluents from anaerobic digestion tanks of livestock manure.

著者

Guo Lanlan Chen Yi Zhang Zhao Fukushima Takehiko

出版者

The Scientific World Journal

雑誌

The scientific world journal

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, pp.257392, 2012

被引用文献数

5 2

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Nitrogen and phosphorus are considered the most important limiting elements in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. however, very few studies have focused on which is from forested streams, a bridge between these two systems. To fill this gap, we examined the concentrations of dissolved N and P in storm waters from forested watersheds of five regions in Japan, to characterize nutrient limitation and its potential controlling factors. First, dissolved N and P concentrations and the N : P ratio on forested streams were higher during storm events relative to baseflow conditions. Second, significantly higher dissolved inorganic N concentrations were found in storm waters from evergreen coniferous forest streams than those from deciduous broadleaf forest streams in Aichi, Kochi, Mie, Nagano, and with the exception of Tokyo. Finally, almost all the N : P ratios in the storm water were generally higher than 34, implying that the storm water should be P-limited, especially for Tokyo.

著者

Sung Min NAM Sun Shin YI Dae Young YOO Woosuk KIM Jung Hoon CHOI In Koo HWANG Je Kyung SEONG Yeo Sung YOON

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1203110792, (Released:2012-03-21)

被引用文献数

3 4

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In this study, we investigated diabetic stage dependent cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after STZ treatment. Blood glucose levels were increased after STZ treatment. COX-2 immunoreactivity in dentate gyrus was significantly increased in these regions 3 weeks after STZ treatment and restored to its basal level to 4 weeks after STZ treatment. In contrast, COX-2 immunoreactivity was not changed in CA3 region in all groups. These results suggest that STZ-induced type 1 diabetes transiently, but not permanently, decreased synaptic transmission and plasticity 3 weeks after STZ treatment in the dentate gyrus.

著者

中村 宏樹 ZHAO YI

出版者

岡崎国立共同研究機構

雑誌

特別研究員奨励費

巻号頁・発行日

2003

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化学反応動力学を詳細に特徴づける時に、初期及及び終状態(内部状態)を指定した反応過程に対する断面積なる物理量が良く用いられるが,内部状態の詳細には拘らず、全体として反応が起こり易いのかどうかを特徴つける量に熱反応速度定数がある。初期内部状態については熱分布についての平均を取り、終状態については全て和を取る。Zhao氏はアメリカで電子的に断熱な化学反応の熱反応速度定数の理論とその具体的評価を行って来たが、我々の所ではその経験を活かし、しかも我々独自の非断熱遷移理論(Zhu-Nakamura理論)を用いて電子的に非断熱な化学反応の熱反応速度定数を評価する理論を構築し、その具体的応用を行う研究を進めている。始終電子状態を指定した熱反応速度定数を、遷移状態が非断熱結合の為に生じている場合について定式化する理論を構築した。現在、この理論を用いて1次元及び2次元系での計算を行いその有効性を確認している。多次元系の量子力学的厳密計算は不可能であるので、この理論の活用が期待される。1-2次元系で旨く行くことが確認出来れば、今後、多次元系への適用に挑戦する。

著者

Yi TANG Junchen JIANG Xiaofei WANG Chengchen HU Bin LIU Zhijia CHEN

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information and Systems (ISSN:09168532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.E93-D, no.12, pp.3232-3242, 2010-12-01

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Multi-pattern matching is a key technique for implementing network security applications such as Network Intrusion Detection/Protection Systems (NIDS/NIPSes) where every packet is inspected against tens of thousands of predefined attack signatures written in regular expressions (regexes). To this end, Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA) is widely used for multi-regex matching, but existing DFA-based researches have claimed high throughput at an expense of extremely high memory cost, so fail to be employed in devices such as high-speed routers and embedded systems where the available memory is quite limited. In this paper, we propose a parallel architecture of DFA called Parallel DFA (PDFA) taking advantage of the large amount of concurrent flows to increase the throughput with nearly no extra memory cost. The basic idea is to selectively store the underlying DFA in memory modules that can be accessed in parallel. To explore its potential parallelism we intensively study DFA-split schemes from both state and transition points in this paper. The performance of our approach in both the average cases and the worst cases is analyzed, optimized and evaluated by numerical results. The evaluation shows that we obtain an average speedup of 100 times compared with traditional DFA-based matching approach.

著者

Kim Tae-Yung Shon Hyun-Joo Joo Yi-Seok MUN Un Kyong KANG Kyung Sun LEE Yong Soon

出版者

社団法人日本獣医学会

雑誌

The journal of veterinary medical science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.8, pp.753-759, 2005-08-25

被引用文献数

93

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米国とカナダにおいてのみ認められていた鹿の慢性消耗性疾患(CWD)の発生が, 韓国Chungbukの農場で飼育されていたカナダから輸入された鹿にも認められた(2001年8月8日).CWDのサーベイランスと疫学調査により, 輸入された144頭(CWD発生農場由来鹿72頭, 同鹿と共に輸入された鹿72頭)のうち, 93頭(CWD発生農場由来鹿43頭, 同鹿と共に輸入された鹿50頭)については, 30農場で飼育されていることが報告された.2001年10月4日と8日にCWDの追加的調査を行なった.同居鹿をと殺した結果, カナダから輸入されたその他の鹿にも感染が確認された.水平感染が懸念されたので, 1997年にカナダから輸入された93頭および同居していた韓国産の鹿についてと殺し, 検査を行なった.韓国産の鹿には感染が認められなかったが, 2004年11月20日に再びCWDが発生し, これについては調査中である.

著者

WAN Yi ASAKA Takuya TAKAHASHI Tatsuro

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE transactions on information and systems (ISSN:09168532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.10, pp.2073-2081, 2009-10-01

被引用文献数

1

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User Generated Content (UGC) VoD services such as YouTube are becoming more and more popular, and their maintenance costs are growing as well. Many P2P solutions have been proposed to reduce server load in such systems, but almost all of them focus on the single-video approach, which only has limited effect on the systems serving short videos such as UGC. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential of an alternative approach, the multi-video approach, and we use a very simple method called collaborative caching to show that methods using the multi-video approach are generally more suitable for current UGC VoD systems. We also study the influence of the major design factors through simulations and provide guidelines for efficiently building systems with this method.

著者

Yi-Wen Zhu 山口 高弘 志賀 智一 御子柴 茂生 上田 壽男 苅谷 教治 篠田 傳

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. EID, 電子ディスプレイ

巻号頁・発行日

vol.97, no.519, pp.137-142, 1998-01-29

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蛍光体の残光と動画偽輪郭の関係を定量的に求めた。蛍光体残光の減衰時定数が長いほうが偽輪郭は目立たなくなるが、一方乱れの幅は広くなる。また、残光により画像が尾を引く。発光デューティを低くすることにより、ある程度偽輪郭を防ぐことができる。乱れの量は蛍光体の時定数に依存するため、時定数の異なるR, G, B三色を混合すると、色ずれが発生する。