著者

齋藤 勇

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.4, pp.222-228, 1985-10-30 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 2

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The purpose of this study is to investigate one's emotional reactions to social behaviors of the other one. Here, the interpersonal sentiments, i.e., persistent feelings of the other as liking or disliking, were distinguished from the emotions, i.e., temporary and intensive affects as joy or anger. Subjects were 30 males and 30 females. They were asked what kind of emotions people in general would feel in the following social interactions. Interaction situations were constructed by the combinations of three variables, i.e., two sentiments to the other one, 10 social behaviors of the other one, and sexes of the other one. Results showed that one's emotions were heavily dependent upon the interpersonal sentiments to the other one. People would feel very different emotions even to the same kinds of behaviors of the other one, according to the differences of sentiments to the other. In addition, people would have very different emotional reactions to the different behaviors of the same person.

著者

小林 智之 及川 昌典

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.6, pp.574-579, 2018 (Released:2018-02-25)

参考文献数

24

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It has been widely documented that egalitarianism motivates people to avoid stereotype use, which in turn facilitates intergroup interactions. However, in addition to perceptions of how the outgroup is perceived by the ingroup (stereotypes), perceptions of how the ingroup is perceived by the outgroup (meta-stereotypes) may also play an important role in intergroup interactions. We hypothesized that when negative meta-stereotypes are perceived, egalitarianism may increase vigilance toward stereotype use by the outgroup, thus exacerbating feelings of anxiety in intergroup interactions. Japanese participants were asked to report how they felt during an intergroup interaction with a Korean confederate, after being exposed to an article documenting positive or negative views Koreans might have of Japanese. The results were consistent with the notion that when negative meta-stereotypes are perceived, participants with high (versus low) egalitarianism experienced more anxiety in the intergroup interaction.

著者

織田 正美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.5, pp.274-280, 1982-12-30 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

28

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Several pieces of information about 500 people engaged in sales occupations in nine companies were used to examine (1) the relation between the Diamond Sales Aptitude Test score and criteria, i.e., job performance rating and overall rating by their superiors, and (2) the effects of tenure in sales occupation on the test score. Results indicated that personality traits in this test appear to have a predictive value for success in sales occupations. Job performance rating was positively correlated with Motivation (p<.01), Self-Confidence (p<.01), Sociability (p<.01), Circumspectness (p<.05), and Social Adaptability (p<.01). The only subtest not significantly correlated with the performance rating was Emotional Control. Overall rating was significantly correlated with all of the subtexts: Motivation (p<.01), Self-Confidence (p<.01), Sociability (p<.01), Circumspectness (p<.01), Emotional Control (p<.05), and Social Adaptability (p<.01). Tenure seemed to have certain effect on the personality traits except for Sociability. Several possible explanations for these results were discussed.

著者

黄 景逸 高橋 優香 阿部 恒之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, pp.3EV-018-3EV-018, 2018

著者

福川 康之 小田 亮 宇佐美 尋子 川人 潤子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.2, pp.188-195, 2014 (Released:2014-06-25)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

10 31

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This study developed a Japanese version of the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease (PVD) scale. Analysis of the data from Japanese university students (N = 435) replicated the two–factor structure of the original scale: one factor that assessed beliefs about one’s own susceptibility to infectious diseases (perceived infectability) and the other factor that assessed emotional discomfort in contexts that connoted an especially high potential for pathogen transmission (germ aversion). Tests of reliability and validity for each subscale indicated overall promising results. It would appear that the results reflect at least in part an evolutionary adaptive psychological mechanism for the ancestral environment.

著者

塚本 伸一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第73回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2PM153, 2009-08-26 (Released:2018-11-02)

著者

山崎 瑞紀 吉川 肇子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.6, pp.476-484, 2010 (Released:2012-03-20)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 4

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This study examined the structure of anxiety associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza and pandemic influenza among lay people, using data from a survey of 1 016 adults in the Tokyo Metropolitan area. Confirmative factor analyses demonstrated that anxieties associated with infection and its effects are comprised of three factors: health threats, concern about economics, and anxiety about unknown risks. Anxieties related to management of influenza consisted of factors of distrust of administrative organizations, distrust of grocery stores, industry, and farmers, distrust of medical services, and lack of self-confidence in coping. The means of these factors significantly differed for age groups. Respondents aged 60-81 years were more anxious about infection and its effects, while those aged 18-39 years were more concerned about how to cope with the flu than the other age groups. The importance of using different communications considering the types of anxieties of the target audience was discussed.

著者

中山 真

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第71回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1PM036, 2007-09-18 (Released:2018-08-15)

著者

中山 真 橋本 剛

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第72回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2EV153, 2008-09-19 (Released:2018-09-29)

著者

宮崎 謙一 佐々木 隆之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.106-112, 1981-07-20 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1 1

---

To investigate the temporal course of the frequency characteristics of the response elicited in the auditory system, pure-tone masking patterns were obtained at several time positions relative to the onset or the offset of the masker. The simultaneous masking patterns obtained suggest that the shape of the response distribution remained almost unchanged during the masker, although they are less informative compared to the other conditions because of interaction effects between the masker and the probe. The forward masking data illustrate the decay course of the distribution and are believed to give more reliable informations as to the frequency selectivity of the auditory system. The backward masking data, however, fail to give any tenable suggestions. The phenomenon of the shift in the maximum-masking-frequency was observed in all conditions and its underlying mechanisms were discussed.

著者

渡邊 智也 楠見 孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3PM-010, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

加藤 樹里 村田 光二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第75回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2EV083, 2011-09-15 (Released:2019-02-02)

著者

星野 崇宏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.218-226, 2003-08-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

4 1

---

Psychological research often deals with psychological constructs that cannot be directly measured. Thus independent variables of regression analysis for an observable dependent variable are sometimes latent variables (factors) that are defined independently of the dependent variable. In this study we pointed out the problem associated with the use of factor analysis for the combined set of dependent variable and independent variables in such a cases; that is, the derived factors are different from those originally intended, and the true regression parameters cannot be reproduced. We proposed a stagewise estimation method to solve the problem. This method estimates parameters of measurement equation in the first stage, and then estimates parameters of structural equation in the second stage. Our proposed method enables calculation of standard errors of estimators using Bootstrapping method. Numerical studies showed that the proposed method improves the estimation efficiency over the conventional methods, and provides estimates which are robust with respect to misspecification of model.

著者

姉崎 正治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理研究 (ISSN:18841066)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.9, pp.217-226, 1912-09-01 (Released:2010-07-16)

著者

川本 静香

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3AM-046, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

田中 優子 楠見 孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.60-69, 2015 (Released:2016-04-25)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The present study examined when people decide to choose an expression that is based on critical thinking, and how situational and individual variables affect such a decision process. Given a conversation scenario including overgeneralization with two friends, participants decided whether to follow the conversation by a critical-thinking expression or not. The authors controlled purpose and topic as situational variables, and measured critical-thinking ability, critical-thinking disposition, and self-monitoring as individual variables. We conducted an experiment in which the situational variables were counterbalanced in a within-subject design with 60 university students. The results of logistic regression analysis showed differences within individuals in the decision process whether to choose a critical-thinking expression, and that some situational factors and some subscales of the individual measurements were related to the differences.

著者

立元 真

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3, pp.173-180, 1993-09-10 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

17

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The purpose was to examine (1) whether infants are capable of imitation or not and (2) to assess their ability for information processing, specifically for visual perception. Twenty-one infants were presented four kinds of facial expressions (tongue protrusion, opened mouth, mouth protrusion and eye blink) at the ages of six, ten, and fourteen weeks. Infants' responses were videotaped and analyzed. Their behavior indicated that six-week-olds could not differentiate between the four stimuli. They could not imitate the facial expressions, because their perception did not differentiate the stimuli sufficiently yet. Responses by ten- and fourteen-week-olds indicated that their perceptual processes had developed sufficiently to differentiate stimuli, and make some matching behaviors with the processed information. Some matching responses, open mouth and mouth protrusion, were less frequent at fourteen weeks than at ten weeks. However, the overall matching responses were greater among fourteen than ten week olds. Apparently with the development of perceptual processes, matching responses also emerge.

著者

千住 淳 東條 吉邦 紺野 道子 大六 一志 長谷川 寿一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.1, pp.64-70, 2002-04-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

7 10

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Some researchers have claimed that theory of mind or ‘mind reading’ ability, necessary for inferring the mental states of others, depends on language ability. However, previous tests of theory of mind were verbally demanding, and high correlations found might have been an artifact. This paper reports the performance of 22 children with autism, with varying degrees of dysfunction, on a test devised by Baron-Cohen, Jolliffe, Mortimore, and Robertson (1997), based on a relatively nonverbal theory of mind. The test involved inference of mental states from photographs of human eyes. Results indicated that mind reading ability was independent of language ability, general intelligence, or mental age. Test scores were, however, strongly related to the severity of autistic disorder. These results suggest both the independence of mind-reading ability from language ability and general intelligence, and a strong relationship between theory of mind deficit and the autistic disorder.

著者

鈴木 俊太郎 邑本 俊亮

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.2, pp.105-113, 2009 (Released:2012-03-06)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study identified factors related to the satisfaction with collaborative problem solving efforts and investigated the differential effects of these factors. In Study 1, a total of 240 university students participated in research. The research was a qualitative data analysis of group members' descriptions of their collaborative problem solving experiences. The results suggested that satisfaction was determined by a number of factors, especially changes in self-cognition, changes in others' cognition, and inclusion of the other in the self. In Study 2, the differential effects of each factor related to task conditions were examined. The factor of changes in self-cognition and inclusion of the other in the self influenced satisfaction, regardless of the task condition. In a well-defined task, group and personal performance were increasing members' satisfaction. For an ill-defined task, trust of the other members was increasing members' satisfaction. We concluded that satisfaction with collaborative problem solving was influenced by not only task performance, but also emotional and cognitive factors.

著者

佐藤 佑貴

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3EV-029, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)