著者

工藤 大介 中谷内 一也

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.35-44, 2014-08-18

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This study investigated why the restrained buying called reputational risk occurred after The Great East Japan Earthquake, focusing on the psychological factors influencing consumers. A preliminary investigation (N=112) identified affective (System 1) factors - "negative affect," "association with Fukushima," "support for quake-hit areas," and "radiation anxieties" - and reason (System 2) factors - "knowledge-based judgment" and "rational decision" - based on the dual-process theory. Initially, the results of structural equation modeling (SEM) conducted on the main survey data (N=310) indicated the influence of multi-collinearity. Accordingly, the factors "negative affect," "association with Fukushima," and "radiation anxieties" were integrated as "anxiety over radiation and nuclear power." The result of SEM on the refined model suggested this factor causes restrained buying while "support for quake-hit areas" is effective in its mitigation. Finally, future contingency plans to combat reputational risk were discussed based on the findings of this study.

著者

長谷川 修一

出版者

立教大学キリスト教学会

雑誌

キリスト教学 (ISSN:03876810)

巻号頁・発行日

no.55, pp.93-116, 2013

著者

伊藤 順吉

出版者

一般社団法人日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理學會誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.8, pp.631-635, 1968-08-05

著者

小林 龍生

出版者

好文出版

雑誌

漢字文献情報処理研究

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.168-173, 2005-10

出版者

海人社

雑誌

世界の艦船

巻号頁・発行日

no.721, pp.94-99, 2010-03

著者

川野 典子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー研究会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.78-80, 2005-03-20

著者

続 有恒 塩田 芳久 秦 安雄 鈴木 康平 三輪 弘道 名倉 敬子

出版者

名古屋大学

雑誌

名古屋大學教育學部紀要. 教育心理学科 (ISSN:03874796)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.43-58, 1967-03-25

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国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

著者

高橋 華王 白石 安男

出版者

バイオメカニズム学会

雑誌

バイオメカニズム (ISSN:13487116)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.1-10, 1996

参考文献数

6

著者

高橋 正也 有藤 平八郎

出版者

公益社団法人日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

産業衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:13410725)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, 1999-04-01

著者

山本 陽子

出版者

明星大学

雑誌

明星大学研究紀要. 日本文化学部・言語文化学科 (ISSN:13444387)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.113-126, 2004-03-25

著者

長谷川 安正

出版者

金原出版

雑誌

産婦人科の実際 (ISSN:05584728)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.11, pp.690-692, 1954-11

著者

久田 恵 中川 一徳

出版者

文芸春秋

雑誌

文芸春秋

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.8, pp.p368-383, 1992-08

著者

古田島 久哉 木村 一治

出版者

一般社団法人日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理學會誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.12, pp.993-998, 1992-12-01

参考文献数

9

著者

森 幹彦 上原 哲太郎 喜多 一

出版者

情報処理学会

雑誌

研究報告インターネットと運用技術(IOT) (ISSN:21862583)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.22, pp.1-7, 2011-02-21

被引用文献数

1

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平成 15 年度に始まった高等学校普通科における教科 「情報」 を履修した学生が昨年度より大学に入学しはじめている.これに伴い大学では従来の情報リテラシ教育のあり方の見直しを迫られている.そこで本学では,教科 「情報」 の履修状況と関連した情報リテラシ修得状況を,平成 18 年度より新入生についてアンケート調査している.今年度も引き続き調査を行った結果,高校における教科 「情報」 の履修の傾向が安定してきていること,教科を履修させていない高校がまだ残っていること,アプリケーション利用に関するスキルは身についているが情報セキュリティに関するリテラシが十分とは言いかねること,プログラミングを習いたいとする意欲が高いことなどが明らかになった.The new subject "Information Study" in senior high school started in 2003 fiscal year and the students who finish the subject have come to enter the universities since last year. It forces universities to reconstruct the curriculum to fit the situation. Therefore, we made questionnaire surveys of the students who entered the university in each academic year from 2006 about the learning situation of the new subject and related information literacy. According to the result of this academic year, it was clarified that taking the subject "Information Study" in senior high school stably have tendencies, there still remains some schools which do not open the subject, the students have mastered the usage skill of software applications but have not enough mastered about information security literacy, and their greediness for learning programming languages is high.

著者

TAKANO Kadzumi

出版者

日本衛生学会

雑誌

Environmental health and preventive medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.28-32, 1996-04

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On April 26th 1986, an accidental explosion occurred at Chernobyl nuclear power station #4, located in the Ukraine, in the former Soviet Union. From May 1991, in order to prevent internal exposure to cesium-137 (^<137>Cs) in the inhabitants of the Chechersk district of the Gomel region in the Republic of Belarus, which was an area highly contaminated by the Chernobyl accident, the author continuously measured internal ^<137>Cs accumulations within inhabitants of the district with a whole-body counter, and the levels of ^<137>Cs in milk, beef, pork, mushrooms, potatoes and flour with a GM-semiconductor detector. Then the author analyzed the relationships between the inhabitants′ daily habits and their measured cesium levels. The author measured ^<137>Cs accumulation within 528 inhabitants and in agricultural produce in the Chechersk disrict. There was no correlation between the internal ^<137>Cs levels within inhabitants and the surface contamination by ^<137>Cs within the residential area. However, a comparison of internal exposure levels by age and sex revealed a significant variation between adult males and both male and female children, and between adult males and females (p<0.001). Food supplied in school was the cause of lower levels in children because it was strictly controlled by the local health authority. The difference between adult males and adult females was thought to be due to the difference in the length of working time in the fields, or in the amount of food from pastures, lakes and forests. Some of the measurement values of agricultural produce with the GM-semiconductor detector exceeded the provisional standards of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, where milk, beef, pork and mushrooms had been measured while potatoes and flour had not. Results for milk (r=0.829), beef (r=0.916), pork (R=0.896) and mushrooms (r=0.670) all showed a strong correlation with the concentration of ^<137>Cs on the surface for fields and pastures, while those for potatoes and flour showed no correlation. According to this survey, the internal levels of ^<137>Cs of inhabitants living within the contaminated areas were not related to the concentration of ^<137>Cs in the residential areas, but to the foodstuffs they consumed. Thehefore, by avoiding contaminated foodstuffs, the inhabitants could reduce internal exposure and their risk.

著者

テル・バイ・マッシュコミックス 松島 潤平

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.1584, 2009-01-20

著者

山内 寛之

出版者

麻布大学

巻号頁・発行日

2014

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Many countries, including Japan, have suffered from extensive damage due to earthquakes (EQs). In Japan, there is the possibility that more large EQs, such as the Tonankai and Nankai EQs, may occur in the near future. The Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion assumes that these EQs would occur with a magnitude (M) of 8 to 9. If the date, location and the M of such EQs could be predicted, then it would reduce the human loss and material damages. There are reports of anomalies related to various physical and/or chemical phenomena occurring from a few months to the last minutes before EQs. Many researchers have studied the use of such unusual phenomena in making short-term EQ predictions. However, the application of these predictions is regarded as being extremely difficult at the present time. Precursors of EQs include not only changes or abnormalities in physical and chemical phenomena but also changes in various animal behaviors. These unusual animal behaviors prior to EQs are considered the results of stress or emotional responses to some physical or chemical variation. If we could identify what phenomena trigger the unusual animal behaviors prior to EQs, then we could measure and observe these phenomena by machines to predict EQs. However, clear mechanisms behind the unusual animal behaviors have remained unidentified. The object of this study was to verify whether animal behavioral changes prior to EQs are useful for predicting EQs. To achieve our objective, we surveyed and observed these behavioral changes using various methods. Chapter 1.The cross investigation into unusual animal behaviors preceding the 2011 earthquake off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku, JapanOn 11 March 2011, a megathrust EQ with moment magnitude (Mw) of 9.0 occurred in the northwestern Pacific Ocean at a shallow depth of 24 km, which is formally named “The 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake” (Tohoku EQ). Using a web questionnaire, we surveyed whether any unusual animal behaviors were noted prior to this large EQ, and, if so, what kinds of behaviors. The survey was limited to the owners of domestic dogs and cats. In the results, 236 of 1,259 dog owners (18.7%) and 115 of 703 cat owners (16.4%) observed behavioral changes. Most of the unusual animal behaviors occurred within one day of the EQ. In the dogs and cats, 23.3% and 25.0%, respectively, of the total number of behavioral changes appeared one or more days before the EQ. A “restless behavior” was the most common change noted in both animal species (22.5% in the dogs and 23.7% in the cats), suggesting that it is important to quantify this behavior. Chapter 2.The longitudinal survey on the relationship between activities in animals and EQsBased on the results of Chapter 1, we verified the relationship between the “restless behavior” and various EQs by longitudinal observation. We measured the daily activities of two cats, one horse and one turtle as an index of restless behavior using infrared sensors for one year. In the results, the daily activities of each animal increased significantly in the week before some EQs with Ms greater than 6.0. Specifically, the activity level of one cat increased significantly within the week prior to three out of four EQs. The results of time series’ analyses indicated that the activity levels in the cats and the turtle increased significantly in the week prior to seismically active dates with effective magnitudes (Meffs) greater than 5.5, as theorized by Maekawa et al. (2006). Chapter 3.The longitudinal survey on the relationship between the productivity of farm animals and EQsSection 1.The changes in dairy cows’ milk yields as a precursor of EQsWe focused on dairy cows’ milk yields. If dairy cows responded to stimuli emerging before EQs, then the milk yields might change, because the milk yields decrease when dairy cows are stressed by various stimuli. To clarify whether the milk yields decrease prior to EQs, we verified the relationship between various EQs and the individual daily milk yields measured at three institutes of animal industry located in different regions. The observation period was approximately two years. Because the milk yields of cows vary depending on the number of days after calving and environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, we removed these factors affecting the milk yields before verification of the relevance to EQs. In the results, a milking facility closest to the epicenter (340 km) showed significantly lower milk yields within three to six days before the Tohoku EQ (P ≤ 0.001). The relationship between the milk yields and various EQs showed that the daily mean values of the milk yields in all of the institutes decreased significantly within 15 days prior to seismically active dates with Meffs greater than 5.0 (M = 6.0 ± 0.1). In addition, the decrease in the milk yields correlated with increasing Ms. We concluded that the dairy cow milk yields, which were measured every day in wide regions, could contribute to the ability to predict EQs. Section 2.The changes in laying hens egg production as a precursor of EQsIn addition to the milk yields of dairy cows, the egg production of laying hens are also recorded every day in poultry farms and decrease in response to stress stimuli. If the daily egg production changes prior to EQs, then they might also contribute to the ability to predict EQs. In this section, using the flocks’ egg production rate data for three years from four poultry farms located in different regions, we verified the egg production rates’ relevance to many EQs. Prior to performing the analysis, we removed known factors that affect egg production, including the hens’ age and environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, to verify the relevance to EQs. The results of the investigation as to whether the egg production rates changed prior to the Tohoku EQ revealed that the rate on the farm closest to the epicenter (390 km) decreased significantly seven and nine days before the EQ. The results with respect to many EQs indicated that the daily mean egg production rate in all of the farms decreased significantly within 27 days prior to seismically active dates with Meffs greater than 5.0 (M = 6.2 ± 0.1). Furthermore, the decrease in the egg production rates positively correlated with the distances from the epicenters. Based on these results, we devised some prototype monitoring systems to predict EQs using animal behaviors. First, to allow for the unified collection of the production data in farm animals, we devised a collection system using cloud computing. Second, we focused on an activity meter that could automatically upload data on the activities of companion animals to the server. We are currently testing the applications for animals in households. Precursors of EQs include various phenomena other than animal behaviors, such as electromagnetic anomalies and changes in radon concentrations. Some of these phenomena are being continuously monitored for EQ predictions. This study indicated that the unusual animal behaviors had a certain degree of statistical relevance to EQs; however, predictions based only on animals might result in many false alarms because there were noted behavioral changes that were irrelevant to the EQs. Therefore, the accuracy of EQ predictions might be increased by the use of varied information. We devised the following methods for EQ predictions based on the results of this study and earlier research: I. Forecast impending EQs with a certain degree of probability using the milk yields, the egg production rates, and the physical and chemical phenomena. II. Predict detailed probabilities and dates of EQs by paying more attention to precursors, such as the behavioral changes in the companion animals, when anomalies have emerged in part I.We concluded that this system is the best possible method for predicting impending EQs utilizing the animal behaviors. Furthermore, it could forecast the EQs location based on the presence or absence of the behavioral anomalies at widely dispersed observation points, and the M of the EQ from the degree of the behavioral anomaly at each observation point. To realize this system in the future, interdisciplinary interactions between various special agencies will be necessary.

著者

永田 大輔

出版者

関東社会学会

雑誌

年報社会学論集 = The annual review of sociology : official journal of the Kantoh Sociological Society (ISSN:09194363)

巻号頁・発行日

no.30, pp.134-145, 2017

著者

秋篠宮 紀子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学

巻号頁・発行日

2013

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博士論文

著者

渡辺 章悟 ワタナベ ショウゴ shogo watanabe

出版者

東洋大学井上円了記念学術センター

雑誌

井上円了センター年報 = Annual report of the Inoue Enryo Center (ISSN:13427628)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.190-159, 1992-03-20