著者

山川 慶 金城 英雄 島袋 孝尚 西田 康太郎

出版者

西日本整形・災害外科学会

雑誌

整形外科と災害外科 (ISSN:00371033)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.4, pp.813-817, 2021-09-25 (Released:2021-11-12)

参考文献数

6

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我々は広範囲脊柱管狭窄および黄色靭帯骨化症を合併した軟骨無形成症の1手術例を経験した.症例は42歳女性で主訴は両下肢の筋力低下としびれである.神経学的所見では両側大腿後面から下腿外側のしびれ,前脛骨筋,長母趾伸筋でMMT 1と著明な低下,両側膝蓋腱,アキレス腱反射の減弱を認めた.画像所見ではMRIでTh10/11,L1/2,2/3,3/4,4/5に脊柱管狭窄を認め,CTでTh10/11に黄色靭帯骨化を認めた.術式はTh10/11に対し椎弓切除術を,L1/2-L4/5に対し棘突起縦割式後方除圧術を行った.L4/5は腰椎の過前弯と骨盤前傾により術野が非常に深く除圧に難渋した.術後3日目,ドレーン抜去後の硬膜外血腫による下肢の痺れの増悪を認めたが術後2週目で改善した.下肢筋力に関して術後6ヵ目の時点では明らかな改善は得られていない.今後,脊柱変形に注意して経過を観察する必要がある.

著者

島本 奈央

出版者

日本平和学会

雑誌

平和研究 (ISSN:24361054)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, pp.151-176, 2023-09-07 (Released:2023-09-13)

参考文献数

41

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This article examines the possibility of exercising collective rights of minorities which peoples have by focusing on the historical development of the legal system and the contents of legal rights for Minorities/Peoples.After World War I, the collective rights of minorities were recognized as they were incorporated into bilateral or multilateral treaties. But unfortunately, minorities' collective rights were taken away under Hitler's Nazis. Paradoxically, they used the pretext of protecting German minorities and invaded Czechoslovakia. After World War II, the right to self-determination as a collective right made a dramatic come back onto the stage of international relations but it was not for protecting minorities but only within the limited context of decolonization. Minorities are protected under Article 27 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights such as enjoying cultural rights or linguistic rights. But do minorities have collective rights such as effective joining rights or autonomy rights? It is necessary to consider the status quo in which the voices of minorities are not reflected in governmental policies and thus lack the measures and resources to preserve their identities.As a result, the question has been raised whether peoples' rights and minorities' rights can be clearly divided into collective rights and individual rights. This article presents the comparison of the development of these rights between the system of self-determination and that of minorities. It discusses two different theories and practices, highlighting the ambiguity within the definitions of minorities and people. Because of the analysis, this article concludes that minorities could have a part of collective rights by pointing out the “proximity” between minorities and peoples both virtually and legally.

著者

森 雅紀 森田 達也

出版者

聖隷クリストファー大学

雑誌

挑戦的萌芽研究

巻号頁・発行日

2016-04-01

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死亡直前期の患者が「今日亡くなる・今日は大丈夫である」ことの予測は重要である。本研究の目的は、1日以内の死亡を予測するモデルを開発・検証することである。国内23施設の緩和ケア病棟に入院したがん患者1896名の登録を行い、Palliative Performance Scale(PPS)≦20となった1396名の死亡直前期兆候を毎日取得した。再帰分割分析により予測モデルを開発し、交差検証を行った。1日以内の死亡率の最終モデルは、【尿量低下・下顎呼吸あり】(69%)、【尿量低下あり・下顎呼吸なし】(32%)、【尿量低下なし・意識低下あり】(15%)、【尿量低下・意識低下なし】(6%)だった。

著者

Mikito Hayakawa

出版者

The Japanese Society for Neuroendovascular Therapy

雑誌

Journal of Neuroendovascular Therapy (ISSN:18824072)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ra.2023-0056, (Released:2023-10-06)

参考文献数

50

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Since stroke is often associated with cancer, acute stroke patients with cancer undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT) are not uncommon. Reportedly, the proportion of such cases is approximately 6%–7% of all stroke EVT cases. Ischemic stroke in patients with active cancer (cancer-associated stroke) includes not only strokes caused by cancer-related hypercoagulability but also coincident strokes due to common etiologies, strokes associated with tumor emboli, direct tumor invasion of blood vessels, and strokes associated with cancer therapy. Stroke caused by cancer-related hypercoagulability itself encompasses various entities, including paradoxical embolism, stroke due to nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, and in situ arterial occlusion due to disseminated intravascular coagulation or thrombotic microangiopathy. Thus, diverse mechanisms contribute to cancer-associated stroke, emphasizing the need to consider individualized treatment strategies for acute cases involving large vessel occlusion. Observational studies have shown that EVT for cancer-associated stroke results in poorer clinical outcomes, but with comparable rates of successful reperfusion and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage when compared with stroke patients without cancer. This suggests that denying patients EVT solely on the basis of comorbid active cancer is inappropriate, and decision-making should be shared with the patients and their families, preferably through a multidisciplinary team approach. Thrombi retrieved from patients with stroke caused by cancer-related hypercoagulability have unique characteristics, being predominantly platelet rich and difficult to retrieve. Preprocedural imaging and serum biomarkers, including the hyperdense vessel sign on non-contrast CT, susceptibility vessel sign on T2* or susceptibility-weighted MRI, three-territory sign on MRI, and D-dimer levels, are valuable in evaluating the stroke subtype and thrombus features. Thrombectomy techniques, such as contact aspiration and stent retriever monotherapy, have shown varying degrees of effectiveness for stroke caused by cancer-related hypercoagulability, warranting further study. After reperfusion therapy, appropriate treatment for the prevention of stroke recurrence should be initiated, considering the specific stroke subtypes. In conclusion, cancer-associated stroke encompasses diverse subtypes, and thrombi associated with stroke caused by cancer-related hypercoagulability present various challenges for thrombectomy. Individualized treatment approaches based on underlying mechanisms are essential for improving outcomes in acute stroke patients with active cancer. Optimization of preprocedural diagnosis, EVT techniques, and secondary prevention of stroke caused by cancer-related hypercoagulability will lead to better management of these patients and enhance their quality of life.

著者

Zeki Kara Osman Doğan

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.355-364, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

92

被引用文献数

1

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In this study, the mutagenic effects of different doses and exposure times of oryzalin and Nitrogen Protoxide (N2O) were tested for stimulating polyploid on 41 B and Fercal grapevine rootstocks seedlings. Ploidy changes were examined by morphological, cytological, macroscopic, and microscopic methods. Leaf thickness, chlorophyll contents, stomatal sizes, and chloroplast numbers of polyploid seedlings stimulated with mutagens increased but their stomatal densities decreased. Flow cytometry (FC) analyses were performed on 50 samples selected by morphological and microscopic preliminary determinations. In FC analyses, 1 tetraploid seedling and 4 mixoploid seedlings from Fercal offspring and 1 mixoploid seedling from 41 B offspring were verified. The nuclear DNA content of tetraploid and mixoploid seedlings were increased by 2.00 and 1.34-fold, respectively, when compared to their diploid parents. Chromosome counts in root tip samples propagated in vitro from the tetraploid Fercal offspring confirmed a 2-fold increase compared to the diploid parent. In polyploidy induction studies, it was deemed appropriate to use FC analysis and chromosome count together to confirm the ploidy levels of mutants. Oryzalin and N2O applications at different doses and exposure times were found to be effective for inducing polyploidy in 41 B and Fercal grapevine rootstocks.

著者

Ha Thi Le Nguyen Shizuka Suetsugu Yuna Nakamura Zita Demeter Shao-Hui Zheng Daisuke Fujita

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.365-372, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

34

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A large vascular bundle number (VBN) in the panicle neck in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is related to the ability to transport assimilates from stem and leaf to reproductive organs during seed maturation. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for VBN have been identified by using segregating populations derived from a cross between indica and japonica rice cultivars. However, the detailed location, effect, and interaction of QTLs for VBN were not understood well. Here, to elucidate the genetic basis of VBN, we identified three stable QTLs for VBN—qVBN5, qVBN6 and qVBN11—by using 71 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between indica ‘IR24’ and japonica ‘Asominori’. We confirmed their positions and characterized their effects by using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) with an ‘IR24’ genetic background. qVBN6 had the most substantial effect on VBN, followed by qVBN11 and qVBN5. We developed pyramided lines carrying two QTLs for VBN to estimate their interaction. The combination of qVBN6 and qVBN11 accumulated VBN negatively in the pyramided lines owing to the independent actions of each QTL. The QTLs detected for VBN will enhance our understanding of genetic mechanisms of VBN and can be used in rice breeding.

著者

Phuong Dang Thai Phan Akinori Nishimura Chika Yamamoto Pham Thien Thanh Toshihiro Niwa Yaddehige Priya Jayantha Amarasinghe Ryo Ishikawa Takashige Ishii

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.373-381, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

32

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A total of four populations of reciprocal backcross recombinant inbred lines were produced from a cross between a wild accession of Oryza rufipogon W630 and two major cultivars, O. sativa Japonica Nipponbare and Indica IR36. Using these populations, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for eight morphological traits (culm length, panicle length, days to heading, panicle shape, pericarp color, hull color, seed shattering and seed awning) was carried out, and the putative QTL regions were compared among the populations. The QTLs with strong allele effects were commonly detected for culm length, panicle shape, pericarp color and hull color in all four populations, and their peak locations were close to the major genes of sd1, Spr3, Rc and Bh4, respectively. For panicle length and days to heading, some QTL regions overlapped between two or three populations. In the case of seed shattering and seed awning, strong wild allele effects at major loci were observed only in the populations with cultivated backgrounds. Since the wild and cultivated alleles have never been evaluated in the reciprocal genetic backgrounds, the present results provide new information on gene effects in breeding and domestication studies.

著者

Saw Bo Day Shar Cuong Dinh Nguyen Sachiyo Sanada-Morimura Hideshi Yasui Shao-Hui Zheng Daisuke Fujita

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.382-392, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

56

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The brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stål) is one of the most destructive insects in rice production. The use of host plant resistance has potential to reduce damage caused by BPH. The heat tolerance japonica rice ‘Sagabiyori’, with superior grain quality and high soluble starch in the stem, is highly susceptible to damage by BPH. Here, to enhance its BPH resistance, we developed seven near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying BPH2, BPH17-ptb, BPH32, BPH3, BPH17, BPH20, and BPH21 through marker-assisted selection and evaluated resistance to two BPH populations. Most lines were more resistant to the Hadano-1966 BPH population than Sagabiyori but were less effective against the highly virulent Koshi-2013 population. Nevertheless, in antixenosis tests, Koshi-2013 settled less on all NILs than on Sagabiyori. In addition, adult mortality and the percentage of fresh weight loss of lines carrying BPH17 and BPH3 indicated that these lines have higher resistance to Koshi-2013 than Sagabiyori. Current study revealed that BPH resistance of Sagabiyori became stronger by transferring BPH3 and BPH17 genes. Thus, BPH3 and BPH17 might be valuable for breeding programs to enhance BPH resistance of high grain quality rice varieties with heat tolerance.

著者

Tatsuro Murata

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.393-400, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

29

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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between low seed set and abnormal embryo sacs lacking normal female organs, such as one egg cell, two assistant cells, and two polar nuclei, in Ipomoea trifida, which is closely related to sweet potato, and sweet potato cultivars and lines, through histological analysis of their ovaries on flowering day. Ovaries of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid lines of I. trifida each had four ovules, except for some hexaploid lines with five or six ovules. Almost all sweet potato cultivars and lines had four ovules per ovary, although some sib-cross lines had two or three ovules. The number of ovules per ovary did not have direct effects on low seed set. The frequency of abnormal embryo sac increased with polyploidy in I. trifida. However, it varied among different sweet potato cultivars and lines. Moreover, the variation in abnormal embryo sacs occurred at an earlier stage of gametogenesis (type A) in the tetraploid and hexaploid plants of I. trifida and sweet potato cultivars and lines. These findings suggest that the high frequency of abnormal embryo sacs is a primary cause of low seed set in sweet potato and that it is closely related to the decline in seed propagation that occurs in the evolution process of sweet potato.

著者

Agetha Bigie Nanape Hlaing Moe Haine Kazuhiko Sugimoto Fuminori Kobayashi Youko Oono Hirokazu Handa Takao Komatsuda Katsuyuki Kakeda

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.401-407, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

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Closed fertilization in flowers, or cleistogamy, reduces the risk of fungal infection in Triticeae crops. In barley (Hordeum vulgare), cleistogamy is determined by a single recessive gene, cly1, which results from a single nucleotide polymorphism within the microRNA172 target site of the Apetala2 (AP2) transcription factor gene. The recessive cly1 allele negatively regulates the development of lodicules, keeping florets closed at anthesis. However, cleistogamy is not evident in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars. This study aimed at identifying mutations in wheat AP2 orthologs by ethyl methane sulfonate–induced mutagenesis and high-resolution melt analysis. Although flowers of AP2 mutants induced in the A and D genomes opened at anthesis, their lodicule size was significantly smaller, especially in the direction of depth, than that of wild-type plants. One of the mutants that carried a nucleotide replacement in AP2 from the D genome produced a compact spike caused by a substantial decrease in rachis internode length, analogous to the barley dense spike. Cleistogamous hexaploid wheat might be generated by combining effective mutant alleles of AP2-homoeologous genes.

著者

Rodion Trofimchenko

出版者

武蔵野美術大学

巻号頁・発行日

2015

著者

Katsuhiro Matsui Takayuki Tamura Keito Nishizawa Akiko Ohara-Takada

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.408-414, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

20

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Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is grown widely in Asian countries and a crop that can fertilize with own pollen and pistils. The grains are used not only for food but also for medicinal purposes. The grain of many cultivars contains glutinous endosperm; only grains with this glutinous endosperm are suitable for use as medicine in Japan. Many wild types have non-glutinous endosperm and can easily cross with cultivar under natural environmental conditions. Because the non-glutinous endosperm trait is dominant to that of glutinous endosperm, F1 seeds produced by crosses between a cultivar and a wild type have non-glutinous endosperm. To reduce the rate of unwanted crosses, we investigated the pollen dispersal distance by using a red leaf sheath as a morphological marker. When plants were cultivated in rows 70 cm apart, the crossing rate was about 25%–35%. As the distance increased, the crossing rate decreased at a rate that could be fitted to a power approximation in fields without intervening plants and to an exponential equation in fields with intervening plants. Our data could be used as guidelines for preventing unwanted crossing with wild types when growing cultivars.

著者

小坂井 久

出版者

日本刑法学会

雑誌

刑法雑誌 (ISSN:00220191)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.74-82, 2000-07-30 (Released:2022-12-30)

著者

加藤僖一撮影・編集

出版者

良寛の書研究会

巻号頁・発行日

1986

著者

前田 幸男 永尾 浩一 牛嶋 龍一郎 春日井 康夫 菅野 高弘 中澤 博志

出版者

Japan Society of Civil Engineers

雑誌

海洋開発論文集 (ISSN:09127348)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.285-290, 2008 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

8

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It is known that “Blast Densification Method” is a technique which can improve the ground strength for the liquefaction by the artificial trembling with the shock wave of explosives detonation set in ground. It is carried out a full scale test which has the airport facility at Ishikari Bay New Port in Hokkaido Island, Japan.The shaking by blasting continues for about two minutes, with 1769kg explosives, 583 delay numbers, at about 1.6 hectares experiments. It is executed safely, surely without damage to structures by blasting.As a result of the experiment, it is confirmed the increasing excess pore water pressure, sand pumping phenomenon, and settlements after basting. This report is described a summary of experiment on this test

著者

田村 信彦 津村 徳道 三宅 洋一

出版者

一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.8, pp.1315-1320, 2002-08-01 (Released:2011-03-14)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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We describe a display calibration model that is suitable for liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). In conventional display calibration models, the spectral radiance of light emitted from the display is estimated using the data measured for each primary color based on the assumption of RGB channel additivity, however, this assumption does not hold for LCDs. With only a few measurements of the spectral radiance or tristimulus values, the proposed model accurately approximates the colorimetric characteristics of the display. To evaluate the effectiveness of the model, we used it to measure the RGB primary colors, the CMYK secondary and the tertiary colors. The colors were analyzed based on principal component analysis to identify the effect of channel interaction. The proposed model was found to be more effective than conventional models for the colorimetry of LCDs.

著者

井上 乃晏

出版者

尼崎市立歴史博物館

雑誌

地域史研究 (ISSN:09108661)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2018, no.118, pp.128-151, 2018 (Released:2021-11-08)

著者

斎藤 雅典

出版者

一般社団法人 日本土壌肥料学会

雑誌

日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集 54 (ISSN:02885840)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.208, 2008-09-09 (Released:2017-06-24)

著者

田中 充

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

学術変革領域研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2021-09-10

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ヒトは食品を咀嚼・嚥下する際に、口腔内に放出される呈味・香気成分を味覚・嗅覚(化学感覚)情報として検知するとともに、歯ごたえや舌触りといった食感を触覚(物理感覚)情報として検知しており、これらの感覚から食品の風味を認知して美味しさを評価している。しかし、現在の機器計測ではすべての風味成分と食感を一元化して捉えることはできず、風味が美味しさを決める機構は多くが不明である。本研究では、食品の風味・食感を完全にデジタル記録するための次世代技術を開発することで、呈味・香気成分の空間的な分布、ならびに食感を網羅的に可視化した「完全な風味設計図」の構築を目指す。